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Polar Oceans from Space pp 19–71Cite as

Fundamental Characteristics of the Polar Oceans and Their Sea Ice Cover

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Part of the book series: Atmospheric and Oceanographic Sciences Library ((ATSL,volume 41))

Abstract

The physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of the oceans and their sea ice cover at high latitudes in both the northern and southern hemispheres are discussed in conjunction with the bathymetry, atmospheric and circulation patterns. The exchanges of intermediate to deep water with the World’s oceans are quite limited in the Arctic region with the relatively narrow Fram Strait as the only possibility while the World’s main oceans circulate freely from one ocean to another at all depths in the Southern Ocean through the Antarctic Circumpolar Current. The perennial sea ice is also located in deep water regions in the Arctic, while the perennial ice in the Antarctic is usually confined in shallow shelf areas. These and other environmental differences make the characteristics of Arctic Ocean very different from those of the Southern Ocean.

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  1. Cryospheric Sciences Branch, Code 614.1, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Greenbelt, MD, 20771, USA

    Josefino Comiso

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Comiso, J. (2010). Fundamental Characteristics of the Polar Oceans and Their Sea Ice Cover. In: Polar Oceans from Space. Atmospheric and Oceanographic Sciences Library, vol 41. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-68300-3_2

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