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Intensive Care Medicine pp 238–245Cite as

Organ Dysfunction in the ICU: A Clinical Perspective

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Abstract

Multiorgan dysfunction is a major cause of mortality in the intensive care unit (ICU) [1]–[3]. Sequential organ dysfunction syndrome was first described by Tilney et al. [4] in 1973 in a cohort of 18 patients after repair of ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm and renal failure. The terms multiple organ failure syndrome (MOFS), multiple organ system failure (MOSF), and multiple organ failure (MOF) have since been used to describe this syndrome [5]. Uncontrolled infections were initially thought to be the main cause of multiorgan dysfunction; however, massive activation of inflammatory mediators following other insults, such as severe trauma, may precipitate a similar condition. In 1992, the American College of Chest Physicians/Society of Critical Medicine (ACCP/SCCM) consensus conference [6] recommended definitions of sepsis and the proposed systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). The term multiple organ dysfunction syndrome was also proposed to describe this syndrome; however, firm definitions of organ dysfunction were not established. Several scoring systems have subsequently been developed to quantify organ dysfunction in ICU patients.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Friedrich-Schiller University, Erlanger Allee 103, 07743, Jena, Germany

    Y. Sakr, C. Sponholz & K. Reinhart

Authors
  1. Y. Sakr
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  2. C. Sponholz
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  3. K. Reinhart
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Intensive Care Erasme Hospital, Free University of Brussels, Route de Lennik 808, 1070, Brussels, Belgium

    Jean-Louis Vincent MD, PhD, FCCM, FCCP (Head) (Head)

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Sakr, Y., Sponholz, C., Reinhart, K. (2007). Organ Dysfunction in the ICU: A Clinical Perspective. In: Vincent, JL. (eds) Intensive Care Medicine. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-49518-7_22

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-49518-7_22

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-387-49517-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-0-387-49518-7

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