Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the safety range of current by suprachoroidal-transretinal stimulation (STS) using a high-current continuous stimulation. Method: Sclerotomy was performed at the area just beneath the visual streak of rabbits and the platinum (Pt) electrode (diameter: 100μm or 200μm) embedded in silicone plate was attached on the fenestrated sclera. Return electrode was placed in the vitreous cavity. Retina was stimulated by biphasic pulses (anodic first, duration: 0.5,msec, frequency: 20,Hz) with a current ranged from 1 to 3,mA continuously for an hour. The rabbit eyes were enucleated immediately after microscopic fundus observation, fixated with glutar-aldehide, embedded in paraffin and stained with hematoxylin-eosin.
Result: For 100μm electrode, no histological change was observed with a current of 1 mA, but retinal change was observed with a current of 1.5 mA.
For 200 μm electrode, no histological change was observed with a current of 1.5 mA but with a current of 2.0 mA, retinal change was observed. The residual scleral thickness was 50–100 μm.
Conclusion: The results of acute experiment suggested that a relatively large amount of current was able to be injected with STS method without tissue damages. In the next step, an experiment with chronic stimulation is needed to verify the safety of STS method.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Nakauchi K et al. (2005) Transretinal electrical stimulation by an intrascleral multichannel electrode array in rabbit eyes. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 243: 169–174.
Nakauchi K et al. (2004) Effectiveness of transretinal electrical stimulation using chronically implanted intrascleral electrodes in rabbits. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 44: ARVO E-abstract 4185.
Donaldson NN and Donaldson PE. (1986) When are actively balanced biphasic (‘Lilly’) stimulating pulses necessary in a neurological prosthesis? Histological background; Pt resting potential; Q studies. Med Biol Eng Comput. 24: 41–49.
McCreery DB et al. (1990) Charge density and charge per phase as cofactors in neural injury induced by electrical stimulation. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 37: 996–1001.
Piyathaisere DV et al. (2003) Heat effects on the retina. Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging. 34: 114–120.
Guven D et al. (2005) Long-term stimulation by active epiretinal implants in normal and RCD1 dogs. J Neural Eng. 2: 65–73.
Schwahn HN et al. (2001) Studies on the feasibility of a subretinal visual prosthesis: data from Yucatan micropig and rabbit. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 239: 961–967.
Borges JM et al. (1987) A clinicopathologic study of dye laser photocoagulation on primate retina. Retina. 7: 46–57.
Rem AI et al. (2003) Transscleral thermotherapy. Arch Ophthalmol. 121: 510–516.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2007 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Nakauchi, K., Fujikado, T., Hirakata, A., Tano, Y. (2007). A Tissue Change After Suprachoroidal-Transretinal Stimulation with High Electrical Current in Rabbits. In: Humayun, M.S., Weiland, J.D., Chader, G., Greenbaum, E. (eds) Artificial Sight. Biological and Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-49331-2_17
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-49331-2_17
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-0-387-49329-9
Online ISBN: 978-0-387-49331-2
eBook Packages: Physics and AstronomyPhysics and Astronomy (R0)