Measurement of Axisymmetric Residual Stresses

Abstract

The traditional approach for measurement of axisymmetric residual stresses in a hollow cylinder in plane strain involves removing annular layers from the inside surface while measuring axial and hoop strains at the outside surface. Although normally attributed to Sachs (1927)[113], the equations required for this approach were first developed by Mesnager (1919)[82]. He also pointed out that deformation could be measured at the inside surface while annular layers were removed from the outside. Work prior to Mesnager by Heyn and Bauer (1910)[64] only considered axial residual stresses. For a solid rod, the Mesnager-Sachs procedure requires that a central core be removed before layer removal is carried out. Strain measurements on the outside diameter allow the effect of core removal on the stresses in the cylinder to be computed. However, only average values of the stresses in the core region can be obtained.