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Malingering: Traumatic Brain Injury

  • Chapter
Causality of Psychological Injury

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Abstract

Heaton, Smith, Lehman, and Vogt (1978), using a simulation design, provided the first evidence that it was possible to purposefully do poorly on neuropsychological measures derived from the Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Battery and the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI). It was also early on documented that neuropsychologists, even if highly experienced, were very poor at detecting malingering if relying solely upon subjective impression or clinical experience and not specific, empirically-validated techniques (Faust, Hart, & Guilmette, 1988a; Faust, Hart, Guilmette, & Arkes, 1988b; Frederick, Sarfaty, Johnson, & Powell, 1994; Heaton et al., 1978). This is consistent with the more general finding that empirically based, systematic, formally validated, statistical and objective decision making procedures are superior to subjective or impressionistic clinical decision-making, reflecting the longstanding clinical vs. actuarial debate (Grove & Meehl, 1996). This distinction holds for most other domains of human experience and scientific investigation, for example, use of a ruler with a formal rating system will result in more accurate assessment of the length of a room than would “eyeballing” it or other less objective procedure. However, the superior predictive capacity of formal empirical and statistical techniques rests upon those techniques being valid.

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  1. Comprehensive Pain Program, Toronto Western Hospital, Room 4F-811, 399 Bathurst St., Toronto, Ontario, M5T 2S8

    Keith Nicholson Ph.D.

  2. Concussion Care Centre of Virginia, 10120 West Broad Street, Suite H, Glen Allen, VA, 23060

    Michael F. Martelli Ph.D.

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Nicholson, K., Martelli, M.F. (2007). Malingering: Traumatic Brain Injury. In: Causality of Psychological Injury. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-36445-2_16

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