Abstract
A mobile ad-hoc network (MANET) is a collection of mobile nodes which com-municate over radio. These networks have an important advantage, they do not require any existing infrastructure or central administration. Therefore, mobile ad-hoc networks are suitable for temporary communication links. This flexibility, however, comes at a price: communication is difficult to organize due to frequent topology changes.
The Ant-Colony-Based Routing Algorithm (ARA) is highly adaptive, efficient and scalable. It is based on ant algorithms which are a class of swarm intelligence. Ant algorithms try to map the solution capability of ant colonies to mathematical and engineering problems.
In this paper we present some extensions to the basic idea and show through simulation results the performance gain and compare it with AODV and DSR.
The original version of this chapter was revised: The copyright line was incorrect. This has been corrected. The Erratum to this chapter is available at DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-35703-4_21
Chapter PDF
References
Charles E. Perkins, editor. Ad Hoc Networking. Addison–Wesley, 1 edition, 2001. ISBN: 0–201–30976–9.
Chai-Keong Toh. Ad hoc mobile wireless networks: protocols and systems Prentice Hall PTR, 1 edition, 2002. ISBN: 0130078174.
R. Droms. Dynamic host configuration protocol, RFC 2131. http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2131.txt,March 1997.
S. Thomson and T. Narten. Ipv6 stateless address autoconfiguration, rfc 2462. http://www. ietf.org/rfc/rfc2462.txt, December 1998.
Mesut’Günes and Jörg Reibel. An W Address Configuration Algorithm for Zeroconf. Mobile Multi-hop Ad-Hoc Networks. In Proceedings of the International Workshop on Broadband Wireless Ad-Hoc Networks and Services,Sophia Antipolis, France, September 2002. ETSI.
Mesut Mines, Udo Sorges, and Imed Bouazizi. ARA–The Ant-Colony Based Routing Algorithm for MANETs. In Stephan Olariu, editor, Proceedings of the 2002 ICPP Workshop on Ad Hoc Networks (IWAHN 2002), pages 79–85. IEEE, August 2002.
Marco Dorigo and Gianni Di Caro. The ant colony optimization meta-heuristic. In David Corne, Marco Dorigo, and Fred Glover, editors, New Ideas in Optimization, pages 11–32. McGraw-Hill, London, 1999.
Eric Bonabeau, Marco Dorigo, and Guy Theraulaz. Swarm intelligence: from natural to artificial intelligence. Oxford University Press, 1999. ISBN: 0–19–513159–2.
David B Johnson and David A Maltz. Dynamic source routing in ad hoc wireless networks. In T. Imielinski and H. Korth, editors, Mobile Computing, volume 353. Kluwer, 1996.
D. B. Johnson, D. A. Maltz, Y.-C. Hu, and J. G. Jetcheva. The dynamic source routing protocol for mobile ad hoc networks. IETF, November 2000.
Charles E. Perkins and Elizabeth M. Royer. Ad hoc on-demand distance vec- tor routing. In Proceedings of the 2nd IEEE Workshop on Mobile Comput- ing Systems and Applications, pages 90 - 100, New Orleans, LA, February 1999. http://moment.cs.ucsb.edu/AODV/aodv.html.
Charles E. Perkins, E. M. Royer, and S. R. Das. Ad hoc on-demand distance vector (AODV) routing. IETF, June 2002.
Ruud Schoonderwoerd, Owen E. Holland, Janet L. Bruten, and Leon J. M. Rothkrantz. Ant-based load balancing in telecommunications networks. Adaptive Behaviour, 2: 169207, 1996.
Marco Dorigo, Vittorio Maniezzo, and Alberto Colorni. Ant system: Optimization by a colony of cooperating agents. IEEE Trans. on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics—Part B, 26 (1): 29–41, 1996.
Tony White. Routing with swarm intelligence. Swarm intelligence SCE-97–15, Systems and Computer Engineering Department, Carleton University, Canada, September 1997.
Tony White. Swarm intelligence and problem solving in telecommunications. Canadian Artificial Intelligence Magazine, Spring 1997.
Daniel Câmara and Antonio A.F. Loureiro. A novel routing algorithm for ad hoc networks. In Proceedings of the 33rd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, Maui„ January 2000.
Joseph P. Macker and M. Scott Corson. Mobile ad hoc networking and the IETF. Mobile Computing and Communications Review, 2 (1): 9–14, 1998.
Kevin Fall and Kannan Varadhan. The ns Manual,Nov 2000.
Josh Brach, David A. Maltz, David B. Johnson, Yih-Chun Hu, and Jorjeta Jetcheva. A performance comparison of multihop wireless ad hoc network routing protocols. Proceedings of the Fourth Annual ACM/IEEE International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking (MobiCom’98), pages 85–97, 1998.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2003 IFIP International Federation for Information Processing
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Günes, M., Spaniol, O. (2003). Ant-Routing-Algorithm for Mobile Multi-Hop Ad-Hoc Networks. In: Gaïti, D., Pujolle, G., Al-Naamany, A., Bourdoucen, H., Khriji, L. (eds) Network Control and Engineering for QoS, Security and Mobility II. NetCon 2003. IFIP — The International Federation for Information Processing, vol 133. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-35703-4_9
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-35703-4_9
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4757-5950-1
Online ISBN: 978-0-387-35703-4
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive