Abstract
Participants in an earlier workshop at the CHI’95 conference in Denver Colorado created the Denver model for groupware design [Salvador 95]. Illustrated in Figure 1, this high level model identified a hierarchy of submodels for describing various aspects of groupware designs. The first level of decomposition consisted of three submodels, (1) system requirements, (2) design model, and (3) technology model. The technology model describes the technology used to enable multiple participants to be aware of and control various aspects of the groupware system. The design model was further partitioned into five submodels, (1) the people model which describes users and the various roles they may assume, (2) the task model which describes the scenarios, tasks, and activities which users may perform, (3) the artifact model which describes the objects and their attributes and relationships which users may manipulate, (4) the interactive situation model which describes the participant locations (same, different), the number of participants (small, large), synchrony (asynchronous, synchronous), dependency (loose, tight), and degree of planning (planned, spontaneous), and (5) the interactive protocol model which describes the floor control mechanism, contention resolution, formality of address, and direction of conversation (unidirectional, multidirectional). Software practitioners have devised several models for people, tasks, and artifacts. Groupware systems are relatively new, and models for interactive situation and interactive protocols are just beginning to emerge.
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References
Tony Salvador (ed.), “The Denver Model for Groupware Design,” SigCHI Bulletin, September, 1995.
James A. Larson, Interactive Software. Tools for Building Interactive User Interfaces, Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey (1992).
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© 1996 IFIP International Federation for Information Processing
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Larson , J.A. (1996). Mini-workshop: revisiting the Denver model for groupware design. In: Bass, L.J., Unger, C. (eds) Engineering for Human-Computer Interaction. EHCI 1995. IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-34907-7_22
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-34907-7_22
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