Abstract
For forty years the relationship between computers and education has been engaged in a headlong journey, full of ups and downs, wild swerves to right and left, somehow both exhilarating and frightening, sometimes in tandem but at others barely still holding hands. The engine of the technologies keeps changing while the driver is sometimes a discipline, learners, or the teacher. The landscape passed along the way includes fleeting glimpses of beautiful but unconquerable mountains followed by attractive rivers with treacherous currents. The population is sometimes persuaded by innovators to come along for the ride, and then suddenly they embark on their own journey into an entirely different valley. The paper analyses this journey along the TC3 twin track of education with and about information and communication technologies, using evidence from its publications and debates, organisational structure and the influence of individuals. The presentation, from one who is neither a computer scientist nor mathematician, will aim to portray a particular perspective on this roller-coaster relationship.
Chapter PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Keywords
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
References
Buckingham, R.A. TC3 — The first ten years. In Zemanek, H. (ed.) A quarter century of IFIP. (North Holland, Amsterdam, 1986)
IFIP IFIP Bulletin No 36 (IFIP Secretariat, Austria, 2006)
Tinsley, David Interview 11th April 2006
WG 3.1 Computer Education for teachers in Secondary Schools: Outline guide “the Blue book” (1971), Aims and Objectives in teacher training (1972), Elements of information and information processing (1976). Analysis of algorithms (1977). WG 3.1 IFIP, Geneva.
Brittain, J.N.G. (ed.) An international curriculum for information system designers (WG 3.2 IFIP, Geneva, 1974)
Aiken, Robert Interview (6th April 2006)
Cornu, Bernard Interview (12th April 2006)
TC3 The Stellenbosch Declaration (WCCE 2006), www.ifip.or.ac/
Bollerslev, Peter Interview (8th April 2006)
Johnson, Roger Interview (10th April 2006)
Lewis, R. and Tagg, E.D. (eds.) Informatics and Education: An anthology of 25 years of TC3 publications (North Holland: Amsterdam, 1988).
Scheepmaker, B. (ed.) 1st IFIP World Conference on Computer Education (IFIP: Amsterdam, 1970).
Lecarme, O. and Lewis, R. (eds.) Computers in Education; 2nd IFIP World Conference on Computers in Education. (North Holland/American Elsevier: Amsterdam/New York, 1975)
Lewis, R. and Tagg, E.D. (eds.) Computers in Education; Proceedings of 3rd IFIP World Conference on Computers in Education — WCCE 81 (North Holland: Amsterdam, 1981).
Duncan, K. and Harris, D. (eds.) Proceedings 4th IFIP World Conference on Computers in Education — WCCE 85 (North Holland: Amsterdam, 1985)
McDougall, A. and Dowling, C. (eds.) Computers in Education, 5th IFIP World Conference on Computers in Education — WCCE 90 (Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, 1990).
Tinsley, D. and van Weert, T.J. (eds.) Liberating the Learner, 6th IFIP World Conference on Computers in Education — WCCE 95 (Chapman and Hall: London, 1995).
Watson, D. and Andersen, J. (eds.) Networking the Learner: Computers in Education. 7th IFIP World Conference on Computers in Education — WCCE 2001 (Kluwer Academic: Boston, 2002).
8th IFIP World Conference on Computers in Education — WCCE 2005. (University of Stellenbosch, South Africa. CD DTT2103 Document Transformation Technologies, South Africa, 2005).
Papert, S. Mindstorms: children, computers and powerful ideas (Harvester Press, Brighton, UK, 1980)
Jonassen, D. H. Computers as mindtools for schools: engaging critical thinking (Prentice Hall, Ohio, 2000)
Ragsdale, R. G. Permissable computing in education: values, assumptions and needs (Praeger Press, New York, 1988).
Katz, E. The social itinerary of technical change: two studies on the diffusion of innovation. Human Organization XX(2) (The Society for Applied Anthropology, 1961).
Gross, N., Giacquinta, J.B. and Berstein, M. Implementing Organisational Innovations: a sociological analysis of planned educational change (Basic Books, New York, 1971)
Kozma, R. (ed.) Technology, innovation and educational change: a global perspective (International Society for Technology in Education, Oregan, 2003)
Gates, B. The road ahead. (Viking, London, 1996)
Mackenzie, D. and Wajcman, J. (eds.) The social shaping of technology (Open University Press, Milton Keynes, 1985).
Turkle, S. Life on the screen: Indentity in the age if the internet (Weidenfeld and Nicholson, London, 1996)
Finnegan, R., Salaman, G. and Thompson, K. (eds.) Information Technology: social issues (Hodder and Stoughton, London, 1991)
Cuban, L. Oversold and underused; computers in the classroom (Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass., 2001)
Miller, L. and Olson, J. Putting the computer in its place: a study of teaching with technology. Journal of Curriculum Studies 26(2) p121 (1994)
Appendix 2 Bibliography for TC3 Books
Scheepmaker, B. (ed.) 1st IFIP World Conference on Computer Education (IFIP: Amsterdam, 1970).
Lecarme, O. and Lewis, R. (eds.) Computers in Education; 2nd IFIP World Conference on Computers in Education. (North Holland/American Elsevier: Amsterdam/New York, 1975)
Buckingham, R.A. (ed.) Education and large Informatics Systems (North Holland, Amsterdam, 1977)
Johnson, D.C. and Tinsley, J.D. (eds.) Informatics and mathematics in secondary schools: impacts and relationships (North Holland, Amsterdam, 1978)
Jackson, H.L.W. and Wiechers, G. (eds.) Post-secondary and vocational education in data processing — tomorrow’s needs for computing education and training (North Holland, Amsterdam, 1979)
Lewis, R. and Tagg, E.D. (eds.) Computers in Education; Proceedings of 3rd IFIP World Conference on Computers in Education — WCCE 81 (North Holland: Amsterdam, 1981).
Lewis, R. and Tagg, E.D. (eds.) Computer assisted learning: scope, progress and limits (North Holland, Amsterdam, 1980)
Tagg, E. D. (ed.) Microcomputers in secondary education (North Holland, Amsterdam, 1980)
Jackson, H.L.W. (ed.) Teaching Informatics courses — Guidelines for trainers and educationalists (North Holland, Amsterdam, 1982)
Lewis, R. and Tagg, E.D. (eds.) Involving micros in education (North Holland, Amsterdam, 1982)
Lovis. F. and Tagg, E.D. (eds.) Informatics education for all students at university level (North Holland, Amsterdam, 1983)
Atchison, W. F., Brauer, W., Buckingham, R.A. and Heibenstreit, J. (eds.) A modular curriculum in computer science (IFIP, Geneva, 1984)
Lovis, F. and Tagg, E.D. (eds.) Informatics and teacher education (North Holland, Amsterdam, 1984)
Tinsley, J.D. and Tagg, E.D. (eds.) Informatics in elementary education (North Holland, Amsterdam, 1984)
Barta. B.Z. and Roab, B.H. (eds.) The impact of Informatics on vocational and continuing education (North Holland, Amsterdam, 1985)
Briefs, U. and Tagg, E.D. (eds.) Education for the system designer/user cooperation (North Holland, Amsterdam, 1985)
Duncan, K. and Harris, D. (eds.) Proceedings 4th IFIP World Conference on Computers in Education — WCCE 85 (North Holland: Amsterdam, 1985).
Griffiths, M. and Tagg, E.D. (eds.) The role of programming in teaching Informatic (North Holland, Amsterdam, 1985)
Levrat, B. Tagg, E.D. and Lovis, F.B. (eds.) The computer in the home: its challenge to education (Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, 1987)
Lewis, R. and Tagg, E.D. (eds.) A computer for each student (Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, 1987)
Lovis, F. and Johnson, D.C. (eds.) Informatics and the teaching of mathematics (Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, 1987)
Moriguti, S., Ohtsuki, S. and Furugori, T. (eds.) Microcomputers in secondary education (Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, 1987)
Ercoli, O. and Lewis, R. (eds.) Artificial intelligence tools in education (Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, 1988)
Lovis, F. (ed.) Remote education and informatics: teleteaching (Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, 1988)
Lovis, F. and Tagg, E.D. (eds.) Computers in Education — ECCE 88 (Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, 1988)
Wills, S. and Lewis, R. (eds.) Micro Plus: educational peripherals (Elsevier Science, North Holland, 1988)
Tinsley, J. D. and van Weert, T.J. (eds.) Educational software at the secondary level (Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, 1989)
Barta, B.Z., Fourel, L., Raymont, R and Lovis, F. (eds.) Methodologies of training data processing professionals and advanced end users (Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, 1990)
McDougall, A. and Dowling, C. (eds.) Computers in Education, 5th IFIP World Conference on Computers in Education — WCCE 90 (Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, 1990).
Bara, B.Z. and Haugen, J. (eds.) Training: from computer aided design to computer integrated enterprise (Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, 1991).
Lewis, R. and Otsuki, S. (eds.) Advanced research on computers in education (Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, 1991)
Aiken, R.M. (ed.) Education and Society (North Holland, Amsterdam, 1992)
Barta, B. Z., Goh, A. and Lin, L (eds.) Professional development in Information Technology Professionals (Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, 1992)
Samways, B. and van Weert, T.J. (eds.) The impacts of informatics on the organisation of education (Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, 1992)
Barta, B. Z., Ecclestone, J. and Hambusch, R. (eds.) Computer mediated education of Information Technology (Elsevier Science, Amsterdam 1993)
Barta, B.Z., Hung, S.L. and Cox, K. R. (eds.) Software Engineering education (Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, 1993)
Collis, B. Moonen, J. and Stanchev, I. (special issue eds) Exploring the nature of research in computer-related applications in education. Computers and Education, 21(1&2) (Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, 1993)
Davies, G. and Samways, B. (eds.) Tele-teaching 93 (Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, 1993)
Johnson, D.C. and Samways, B. Informatics and changes in learning (North Holland, Amsterdam, 1993)
Lovis, F. (special issue ed.) Teaching advanced subjects in Informatics. Education and Computing 7(1&2) (Elsevier Science, 1993)
Barta, B.Z., Gev, Y. and Telem, M. (eds.) Information Technology in educational management (Chapman and Hall, London, 1994)
Beattie, K., McNaught. C. and Wills, S. (eds) Interactive Multimedia in university education (Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, 1994)
Franklin, S.D. Stubberud, A.P. and Wiedmann, L.P. (eds.) University education uses of visualisation in scientific computing (Elsevier Science, Amsterdam, 1994)
Lewis, R. and Mendelsohn, P. (eds.) Lessons from learning (North Holland, Amsterdam, 1994)
Wright, J. and Benzie, D. (eds.) Exploring a new partnership with educational technology. (North Holland, Amsterdam, 1994)
Barta, B.Z., Telem, M and Gev, Y. (eds) Information Technology in educational management. (Chapman and Hall, London, 1995)
Collis, B. and Davies, G. (eds.) Innovating adult learning with innovative technologies (Chapman and Hall, London, 1995).
Lee, M., Barta, B.Z. and Miff, P. (eds.) Software quality and productivity — theory, practice, education and training (Chapman and Hall, London, 1995)
Tinsley, J.D. and Watson, D. (eds.) Integrating Information Technology into education (Chapman and Hall, London, 1995)
Watson, D. and Andersen, J. (eds.) Networking the Learner: Computers in Education. 7th IFIP World Conference on Computers in Education — WCCE 2001 (Kluwer Academic: Boston, 2002).
Tinsley, D. and van Weert, T.J. (eds.) Liberating the Learner, 6th IFIP World Conference on Computers in Education-WCCE 95 (Chapman and Hall: London, 1995).
Katz, Y, Millin, D. and Offir, B. (eds.) The impact of Information Technology: from practice to curriculum (Chapman and Hall, London, 1996)
Barta, B.Z., Tatnell, A. and Juliff, P. (eds.) The place of information technology in management and business education (Chapman and Hall, London, 1997)
Dariva, D. and Stanchev, I. (eds.) Human Computer interaction and educational tools (NCP, 1997)
Franklin, S.D. and Strenski, E. (eds.) Building university electronic educational environments (Kluwer Academic, Boston 1997)
Fung, A.C.W., Visscher, A.J., Barta, B.Z. and Teather, D.C.B. (eds.) Information Technology in educational management for the schools of the future (Chapman and Hall, London, 1997)
Johnson, D.C. and Tinsley, J.D. (eds.) Informatics and mathematics in secondary schools (Chapman and Hall, London, 1997)
Passey, D. and Samways, B. (eds.) Information Technology, supporting change through teacher education (Chapman and Hall, London, 1997)
Bottino, R., Dowling, C. and Fernandez Valmayor, A. (special issue eds.) Human computer interaction and educational tools: theory into practice. Education and Information Technologies. 3(3/4) (Kluwer Academic, 1998)
Davies, G. (ed.) Teleteaching 98 — distance learning, training and education (Kluwer Academic, Boston, 1998)
Fulmer, C.L., Barta, B.Z. and Nolan, P. (eds.) The integration of information for educational management (NCP, 1998)
Marshall. G. and Ruohonen, M. (eds.) Capacity building for IT in education in developing countries (Chapman and Hall, London, 1998)
Mulder, F. and van Weert, T. (eds.) Informatics in higher education (Chapman and Hall, London, 1998)
Verdejo, M.F. and Davies, G. (eds.) The virtual campus (Kluwer Academic, Boston, 1998)
Juliff, P. Kado, T. and Barta, B.Z. (eds.) Educating professionals for network-centric organisations (Kluwer Academic, Boston, 1999)
Tinsley, J.D. and Johnson, D.C. (eds.) Information and Communication Technologies in school mathematics (Kluwer Academic, Boston, 1999)
Watson, D.M. and Downes, T. (eds.) Communication and networking in education; learning in a networked society (Kluwer Academic, Boston, 2000)
Nolan, CJ.P., Fung, A.C.W. and Brown, M. (eds.) Pathways to institutional improvement with information technology in educational management (Kluwer Academic, Boston, 2001)
Taylor, H. and Hogenbirk, P. (eds.) Information Technologies in education, Quality Education @ a distance: the school of the future (Kluwer Academic, Boston, 2001)
Passey, D. and Kendall, M. (eds.) TelELearning, the challenge of the third millennium (Kluwer Academic, Boston, 2002)
Cassel, L. and Rees, R. A. (eds.) Informatics curricula and teaching methods (Kluwer Academic, Boston, 2003)
Davies, G. and Stacey, E. (eds.) Quality education @ a distance (Kluwer Academic, Boston, 2003)
Dowling, C. and Lai, K-L. (eds.) Information and Communication Technology and the teacher of the future (Kluwer Academic, Boston, 2003)
Marshall, G. And Katz, Y. (eds.) Learning, Home and Community: ICT for early and elementary education (Kluwer Academic, Boston, 2003)
Selwood, l I.D., Fung, A.C.W. and O’Mahoney, C.D. (eds.) Management of education in the information age (Kluwer Academic, Boston, 2003)
van Weert, T. J. and Munro, R.K. (eds.) Informatics and the digital society (Kluwer Academic, Boston, 2003)
Courtiat, J-P. and Villemar, T. (eds.) Technology enhanced learning (Springer, Boston, 2004)
Impagliazzo, J. and Lee, J.A.N. (eds.) History of Computing in Education (Springer, Boston, 2004)
Nicholson, P., Thompson, B., Ruohonen, M. and Multisilta, J. (eds.) E-training strategies for professional organisations (Kluwer Academic, Boston, 2004).
Tatnall, A., Osario, J. and Visscher, A. (eds.) IT and educational management in the knowledge society (Springer, Boston, 2004)
van Weert, T. J. and Kendall, M. (eds.) Lifelong learning in the digital age (Kluwer Academic, Boston, 2004)
Somekh, B. (special issue ed.) Learning for the twenty-first century: what really matters? Education and Information Technologies 10(3) (Kluwer Academic, 2005)
van Weert, T. (ed.) Education and the Knowledge Society WFEO/IFIP at the UN 2004 World Summit on the Information Society, Geneva Switzerland. (Kluwer Academic, Boston, 2005)
van Weert, T. and Tatnall, A. (eds.) Information and Communication Technologies and real life learning (Springer, Boston, 2005)
8th IFIP World Conference on Computers in Education-WCCE 2005. (University of Stellenbosch, South Africa. CD DTT2103 Document Transformation Technologies, South Africa, 2005).
Reports, Guidelines and Journal
WG 3.1 Computer Education for teachers in Secondary Schools: — Outline guide “the Blue book” (1971), — Airms and Objectives in teacher training (1972), — Elements of information and information processing (1976) — Analysis of algorithms (1977). WG 3.1 IFIP, Geneva.
Brittain, J.N.G. (ed.) An international curriculum for information system designers (WG 3.2 IFIP, Geneva, 1974)
Taylor, H.G., Aiken, R.M. and van Weert, TJ. Informatics education in secondary schools. Guidelines of good practice, IFIP WG 3.1 (IFIP, Geneva, 1992)
Ruiz I Tarrago, F.R. Integration of Information Technology into Secondary Education: main issues and perspectives. IFIP WG 3.1 Guidelines of good practice (IFIP, Geneva, 1993)
Tinsley, J.D. and van Weert, T.J. (eds.) A modular Informatics curriculum for secondary schools. IFIP 3.1 (UNESCO/IFIP, Paris, 1994)
IFIP WG 3.2 (1994) A modular curriculum in computer science. UNESCO/IFIP Paris.
Tinsley, J.D. Tele-learning in secondary education. Guidelines for good practice, IFIP WG 3.1/3.6 (IFIP, Geneva, 1994)
Knierzinger, A., Rosvik, S. and Schmit, E. (eds Elementary ICT curriculum for teacher training. IFIP WG3.5 (UNESCO Paris, 2001)
Anderson, J. and van Weert, T. J. (eds.) Information and Communication Technology in education: a curriculum for schools and programme for teacher development (UNESCO/IFIP, Paris, 2002)
TC3 The Stellenbosch Declaration (WCCE 2006) www.ifip.or.ac/
Education and Information Technologies Volumes 1 to 10 (Springer, Boston, USs, 1996–2005)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2006 International Federation for Information Processing
About this paper
Cite this paper
Watson, D. (2006). Forty Years of Computers and Education. In: Impagliazzo, J. (eds) History of Computing and Education 2 (HCE2). 2006. IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology, vol 215. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-34741-7_1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-34741-7_1
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-0-387-34637-3
Online ISBN: 978-0-387-34741-7
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)