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Leptin Receptors

  • Chapter
Leptin

Part of the book series: Endocrine Updates ((ENDO,volume 25))

Abstract:

Leptin receptors belong to the class I cytokine receptor family. Although six isoforms of receptor have been identified, only two are thus far known to be linked with intracellular signaling, and only the longest isoform (ObRb) has full signaling capability. Structure/function analyses of the receptor of the dimer pair reversibly binds a single leptin molecule. Upon binding, signaling cascades are initiated beginning with activation of receptor-associated janus kinase 2 (JAK2) and phosphorylation of two key tyrosine residues on the intracellular portion of the receptor. Of particular importance for the growing list of leptin actions is that binding of leptin to its longest receptor isoform activates numerous intracellular signals following JAK2 activation, which have been associated with a wide variety of biological actions in (ObRa and ObRb) appears to be nearly ubiquitous in mammalian tissues, although ObRb is abundantly expressed only in hypothalamus. Total loss of function mutations in ObRb appear to be rare in the human population, but polymorphisms in the regions of the gene that code for extracellular domains of the receptor are not uncommon, and are associated with weight gain and adiposity. An important area of future research will be the identification of physiological functions of shorter isoforms of the leptin receptor and continuing characterization of the types and frequencies of receptor polymorphisms in the human population.

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    Laura C. Schulz & Eric P. Widmaier

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Schulz, L.C., Widmaier, E.P. (2006). Leptin Receptors. In: Castracane, V.D., Henson, M.C. (eds) Leptin. Endocrine Updates, vol 25. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-31416-7_2

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