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Interventions to Prevent Suicidal Behavior

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Handbook of Injury and Violence Prevention

There is now a substantial literature on risk factors for suicide in the United States (U.S. Dept of Health and Human Services, PHS, 2001; Committee on Pathophysiology & Prevention of Adolescent & Adult Suicide Board, 2002) that can be used to guide the development of prevention programs to reduce the rates of suicide in this country. There is a wealth of evidence that having a mental disorder increases the risk for both attempted suicide and suicide. However, in and of itself a mental disorder should not be equated with elevated suicide risk because the majority of individuals with a mental illness never kill themselves (Bostwick & Pankratz, 2000). Suicide is the outcome of extremely complex circumstances, and it is likely we will never be able to predict its occurrence given the putative interaction between psychiatric, psychological, physiological, social, and cultural factors. For example, there is considerable evidence that aggression and impulsivity, acute and chronic stress, trauma, and substance or alcohol use are associated with suicidality, but their effects are moderated by gender and age.

This chapter begins by reviewing a typology of strategies for suicide prevention; within this typology, four theoretical domains are used as a framework for describing existing interventions. Extant interventions for suicide are then examined for published evidence of effi cacy or effectiveness; interventions with demonstrable or promising evidence of effi cacy or effectiveness are discussed in detail. Finally, implications and limitations for public health practice and future prevention planning and the overall gaps in the research on suicide prevention are presented.

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  1. University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, NY, 14624

    Kerry L. Knox PhD (Assistant Professor)

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  1. Kerry L. Knox PhD
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  1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA

    Lynda S. Doll , Sandra E. Bonzo , David A. Sleet  & James A. Mercy , ,  & 

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Knox, K.L. (2008). Interventions to Prevent Suicidal Behavior. In: Doll, L.S., Bonzo, S.E., Sleet, D.A., Mercy, J.A. (eds) Handbook of Injury and Violence Prevention. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-29457-5_10

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