Skip to main content

Peptide Arrays in Proteomics and Drug Discovery

  • Chapter
BioMEMS and Biomedical Nanotechnology

Abstract

Array technology has become a powerful tool for today’s high throughput approaches in biology and chemistry. These large-scale technologies emerged mainly from the genomics field driven by the human genome project and other species sequencing efforts. The associated development of many new technologies led to the initiation of several additional “omics” fields such as proteomics, lipidomics, glycomics and others. Scientists in these fields subsequently demanded tools that allow rapid and reliable characterization of large numbers of molecules of very different natures including nucleic acids, proteins, carbohydrates, peptides, and small molecules with very small amounts of biological or synthetic material.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. M. Adamczyk, J.C. Gebler, R.E. Reddy, and Z. Yu. Bioconjugate Chem., 12:139, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  2. S. Adam-Klages, D. Adam, K. Wiegmann, S. Struve, W. Kolanus, J. Schneider-Mergener, and M. Krönke. Cell, 86:937, 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  3. R.L. Adams and J. Roy. J. Appl. Mech., 53:193, 1986.

    Google Scholar 

  4. F. Adler, G. Türk, R. Frank, N. Zander, W. Wu, R. Volkmer-Engert, J. Schneider-Mergener, and H. Gausepohl, in Proceedings of the International Symposium on Innovation and Perspectives in Solid Phase Synthesis, edited by R. Epton (Mayflower Worldwide Ltd., Kingswinford, 1999), p. 221.

    Google Scholar 

  5. V. Afanassiev, V. Hanemann, and S. Wölfl. Nucleic Acid Res., 28:e66, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  6. G. Agarwal, R.R. Naik, and M.O. Stone. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 125:7408, 2003a.

    Google Scholar 

  7. G. Agarwal, L.A. Sowards, R.R. Naik, and M.O. Stone. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 125, 580, 2003b.

    Google Scholar 

  8. O.H. Aina, T.C. Sroka, M.-L. Chen, and K.S. Lam. Biopolymers, (Peptide Science) 66:184, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  9. T. Albrecht, A. Koch, A. Lode, B. Greve, J. Schneider-Mergener, and M. Steup. Planta, 213:602, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  10. N.M. Alto, S.H. Soderling, N. Hoshi, L.K. Langeberg, R. Fayos, P.A. Jennings, and J.D. Scott. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 100:4445, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  11. L.M. Alvarenga, C.R. Diniz, C. Granier, and C. Chávez-Olórtegui. Toxicon, 40:89, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  12. K. Amatschek, R. Necina, R. Hahn, E. Schallaun, H. Schwinn, D. Josić, and A. Jungbauer. J. High Resol. Chromatogr., 23:47, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  13. C.H. Ang, J.L. Garnett, R. Levot, M.A. Long, and N.T. Yen. J. Polym. Sci. Polym. Lett. Ed., 18:471, 1980.

    Google Scholar 

  14. A. Asai. Japanese J. Appl. Physics, 28:909, 1989.

    Google Scholar 

  15. A. Asai. J. Fluids Eng., 114:638, 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  16. T. Ast, N. Heine, L. Germeroth, J. Schneider-Mergener, and H. Wenschuh. Tetrahedron Lett., 40:4317, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  17. J.A. Asturias, N. Gómez-Bayón, J.L. Eseverri, and A. Martínez. Clin. Exp. Allergy, 33:518, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  18. M. Baensch, R. Frank, and J. Köhl. Microbiology, 144:2241, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  19. L.J. Ball, R. Kühne, B. Hoffmann, A. Häfner, P. Schmieder, R. Volkmer-Engert, M. Hof, M. Wahl, J. Schneider-Mergener, U. Walter, H. Oschkinat, and T. Jarchau. EMBO J., 19:4903, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  20. B. Banerjee, X. Wang, K.J. Kelly, J.N. Fink, G.L. Sussman, and V.P. Kurup. J. Immunol., 159:5724, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  21. B. Banerjee, P.A. Greenberger, J.N. Fink, and V.P. Kurup. Infect. Immun., 67:2284, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  22. B. Banerjee, K. Kanitpong, J.N. Fink, M. Zussman, G.L. Sussman, K.J. Kelly, and V.P. Kurup. Mol. Immunol., 37:789, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  23. L. Bao, C.E. Varden, W.E. Zimmer, and R. Balczon. Mol. Biol. Rep., 25:111, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  24. D.J. Barlow, M.S. Edwards, and J.M. Thornton. Nature, 322:747, 1986.

    Google Scholar 

  25. M.A. Bartlett and M. Yan. Polym. Mater. Sci. Eng., 83:451, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  26. M.A. Bartlett and M. Yan. Adv. Mater., 13:1449, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  27. M. Barzik, U.D. Carl, W.-D. Schubert, R. Frank, J. Wehland, and D.W. Heinz. J. Mol. Biol., 309:155, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  28. S. Basmaciogullari, M. Auterio, R. Culerrier, J.-C. Mani, M. Gaubin, Z. Mishal, J. Guardiola, C. Granier, and D. Piatier-Tonneau. Biochemistry, 39:5332, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  29. D.H. Beezhold, D.A. Kostyal, and G.L. Sussmann. Clin. Exp. Immunol., 108:114, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  30. D.H. Beezhold, V.L. Hickey, J.E. Slater, and G.L. Sussmann. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol., 103:1166, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  31. M. Beier and J.D. Hoheisel. Nucleic Acid Res., 27:1970, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  32. L. Belov, O. de la Vega, C.G. dos Remedios, S.P. Mulligan, and R.I. Christopherson. Cancer Res., 61:4483, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  33. R. Benters, C.M. Niemeyer, and D. Wöhrle. Chembiochem., 2:686, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  34. R.H. Berg, K. Almdal, W. Peterson, A. Holm, J.P. Tam, and R.B. Merrifield, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 111:8024, 1989.

    Google Scholar 

  35. S. Bergmann, D. Wild, O. Diekmann, R. Frank, D. Bracht, G.S. Chhatwal, and S. Hammerschmidt. Mol. Microbiol., 49:411, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  36. A. Bernhard, E. Delamarche, H. Schmid, B. Michel, H.R. Bosshard, and H. Biebuyck. Langmuir, 14:2225, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  37. D.M. Berry, P. Nash, S.K.-W. Liu, T. Pawson, and C.J. McGlade. Curr. Biol., 12:1336, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  38. C. Bès, L. Briant-Longuet, M. Cerutti, F. Heitz, S. Troadec, M. Pugnière, F. Roquet, F. Molina, F. Casset, D. Bresson, S. Péraldi-Roux, G. Devauchelle, C. Devaux, C. Granier, and T. Chardès. J. Biol. Chem., 278:14265, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  39. K. Beyer, L. Ellman-Grunther, K.M. Järvinen, R.A. Wood, J. Hourihane, and H.A. Sampson. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol., 112:202, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  40. T.N. Bhat, G.A. Bentley, T.O. Fischmann, G. Boulot, and R.J. Poljak. Nature, 347:483, 1990.

    Google Scholar 

  41. T.N. Bhat, G.A. Bentley, G. Boulot, M.I. Greene, D. Tello, W. Dell’Acqua, H. Souchon, F.P. Schwarz, R.A. Mariuzza, and R.J. Poljak. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 91:1089, 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  42. K. Bialek, A. Swistowski, and R. Frank. Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 376:1006, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  43. C. Billich, C. Sauder, R. Frank, S. Herzog, K. Bechter, K. Takahashi, H. Peters, P. Staehli, and M. Schwemmle. Biol. Psychiatry, 51:979, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  44. T. Bittorf, T. Sasse, M. Wright, R. Jaster, L. Otte, J. Schneider-Mergener, and J. Brock. Cell. Signal., 12:721, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  45. J. Blake and L. Litzi-Davis. Bioconjugate Chem., 3:510, 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  46. A.P. Blanchard, R.J. Kaiser, and L.E. Hood. Biosens. Bioelectronics, 11:687, 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  47. M. Blüthner, C. Schäfer, C. Schneider, and F.A. Bautz. Autoimmunity, 29:33, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  48. M. Blüthner, M. Mahler, D.B. Müller, H. Dünzl, and F.A. Bautz. J. Mol. Med., 78:47, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  49. M. Blüthner, J. Koch, and M. Mahler. In J. Koch and M. Mahler (eds.), Peptide Arrays on Membrane Supports—Synthesis and Applications, Springer Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, p. 123, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  50. J. Bodem, and M. Blüthner. In J. Koch and M. Mahler (eds.), Peptide Arrays on Membrane Supports—Synthesis and Applications, Springer Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, p. 141, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  51. T. Boland, E.E. Johnston, A. Huber, and B.D. Ratner. In Scanning Probe Microscopy of Polymers. B.D. Ratner and V.V. Tsukruk (eds.), American Chemical Society, Washington, p. 342, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  52. T. Böldicke, F. Struck, F. Schaper, W. Tegge, H. Sobek, B. Villbrandt, P. Lankenau, and M. Böcher. J. Immunol. Methods, 240:165, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  53. S. Borman. Chemical & Engineering News, 78:25, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  54. C.A. Borrebaeck, S. Ekstrom, A.C. Hager, J. Nilsson, T. Laurell, and G. Marko-Vaga. Biotechniques, 30:1126, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  55. C. Bosc, R. Frank, E. Denarier, M. Ronjat, A. Schweitzer, J. Wehland, and D. Job. J. Biol. Chem., 276:30904, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  56. V. Böttger. In Antibody Engineering (Springer Lab Manual). R. Kontermann and S. Dübel (eds.), Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, p. 460, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  57. L. Bracci, L. Lozzi, B. Lelli, A. Pini, and P. Neri. Biochemistry, 40:6611, 2001a.

    Google Scholar 

  58. L. Bracci, A. Pini, L. Lozzi, B. Lelli, P. Battestin, A. Spreafico, A. Bernini, N. Niccolai, and P. Neri. J. Neurochem., 78:24, 2001b.

    Google Scholar 

  59. R. Bräuning, M. Mahler, B. Hülge-Dörr, M. Blüthner, J. Koch, and G. Petersen. In J. Koch and M. Mahler (eds.), Peptide Arrays on Membrane Supports—Synthesis and Applications, SpringerVerlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, p. 153, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  60. M. Brehmer, L. Conrad, and L. Funk. J. Dispension Sci. Tech., 24:291, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  61. T.M. Brennan. patent, US 005474796A, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  62. J. Brix, S. Rüdiger, B. Bukau, J. Schneider-Mergener, and N. Pfanner. J. Biol. Chem., 274:16522, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  63. J. Brix, G.A. Ziegler, K. Dietmeier, J. Schneider-Mergener, G.E. Schulz, and N. Pfanner. J. Mol. Biol., 303:479, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  64. M.E. Browning-Kelley, K. Wadu-Mesthrige, V. Hari, and G.Y. Liu. Langmuir, 13:343, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  65. A. Bubert, P. Schubert, S. Köhler, R. Frank, and W. Goebel. Appl. Environ. Microb., 60:3120, 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  66. N. Bugdayci, D.B. Bogy, and F.E. Talke. IBM J. Res. Dev., 27:171, 1983.

    Google Scholar 

  67. M. Burgener, M. Sänger, and U. Candrian. Bioconjugate Chem., 11:749, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  68. L.L. Burns-Hamuro, Y. Ma, S. Kammerer, U. Reineke, C. Self, C. Cook, G.L. Olson, C. R. Cantor, A. Braun, and S.S. Taylor. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 100:4072, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  69. P.J. Busse, K.-M. Järvinen, L. Vila, K. Beyer, and H.A. Sampson. Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol., 129:93, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  70. J.H. Butler, M. Cronin, K.M. Anderson, G.M. Biddison, F. Chatelain, M. Cummer, D.J. Davi, L. Fisher, A.W. Frauendorf, F.W. Frueh, C. Gjerstad, T.F. Harper, S.D. Kernahan, D.Q. Long, M. Pho, J.A. Walker, and T.M. Brennan. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 123:8887, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  71. I. Caelen, H. Gao, and H. Sigrist. Langmuir, 18:2463, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  72. F. Carbonnet, D. Blanchard, C. Hattab, S. Cochet, Y. Petit-Leroux, M.-J. Loirat, J.-P. Cartron, and O. Bertrand. Transfusion Med., 10:145, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  73. G. Cestra, L. Castagnoli, L. Dente, O. Minenkova, A. Petrelli, N. Migone, U. Hoffmüller, J. Schneider-Mergener, and G. Cesareni. J. Biol. Chem., 274:32001, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  74. S.-F. Chang, B. Reich, J.D. Brunzell, and H. Will. J. Lipid Res., 39:2350, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  75. A. Chang, S. Cheang, X. Espanel, and M. Sudol. J. Biol. Chem., 275:20562, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  76. N. Chapal, S. Peraldi-Roux, D. Bresson, M. Pugniere, J.-C. Mani, C. Granier, L. Baldet, B. Guerrier, B. Pau, and M. Bouanani. J. Immunol., 114:4162, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  77. P. Chatchatee, K.M. Järvinen, L. Bardina, K. Beyer, and H.A. Sampson. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol., 107:379, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  78. C. Chavez-Olortegui, F. Molina, and C. Granier. Mol. Immunol., 38:867, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  79. H.I. Chen, A. Einbond, S.-J. Kwak, H. Linn, E. Koepf, S. Peterson, J.W. Kelly, and M. Sudol. J. Biol. Chem., 272:17070, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  80. G.Y.J. Chen, M. Uttamchandani, Q. Zhu, G. Wang, and S.Q. Yao. Chem. Bio. Chem., 4:336, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  81. I. Cherny and E. Gazit. J. Biol. Chem., 279:8252, 2004.

    Google Scholar 

  82. Y. Chevolot, J. Martins, N. Milosevic, D. Leonard, S. Zeng, M. Malissard, E.G. Berger, P. Maier, H.J. Marthieu, D.H.G. Crout, and H. Sigrist. Bioorg. Med. Chem., 9:2943, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  83. D.T. Chiu, N.L. Jeon, S. Huang, R.S. Kane, C.J.Wargo, I.S. Choi, D.E. Ingber, and G.M. Whitesides. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 97:2408, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  84. C.Y. Cho, E.J. Moran, S.R. Cherry, J.C. Stephans, S.P. Fodor, C.L. Adams, A. Sundaram, J.W. Jacobs, and P.G. Schultz. Science, 261:1303, 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  85. S.J. Cho, H.J. Kim, and J.W. Park. Mol. Cryst. & Liq. Cryst., 371:71, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  86. L. Choulier, D. Laune, G. Orfanoudakis, H. Wlad, J.-C. Janson, C. Granier, and D. Altschuh. J. Immunol. Methods, 249:253, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  87. L. Choulier, G. Orfanoudakis, P. Robinson, D. Laune, M.B. Khalifa, C. Granier, E. Weiss, and D. Altschuh. J. Immunol. Methods, 259:77, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  88. R.A. Clark, P.B. Hietpas, and A.G. Ewing. Anal. Chem., 69:259, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  89. R.R. Cocco, K.-M. Järvinen, H.A. Sampson, and K. Beyer. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol., 112:433, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  90. P. Cohen, D. Laune, I. Teulon, T. Combes, M. Pugnière, G. Badouaille, C. Granier, J.-C. Mani, and D. Simon. J. Immunol. Methods, 254:147, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  91. A. Collioud, J.-F. Clemence, M. Sänger, and H. Sigrist. Bioconjugate Chem., 4:528, 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  92. U. Commandeur, R. Koenig, R. Manteuffel, L. Torrance, P. Lüddecke, and R. Frank. Virology, 198:282, 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  93. M. Corada, F. Liao, M. Lindgren, M.G. Lampugnani, F. Breviario, R. Frank, W.A. Muller, D.J. Hicklin, P. Bohlen, and E. Dejana. Blood, 97:1679, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  94. J. Craft and S. Fatenejad. Arthritis Rheum., 40:1374, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  95. B.C. Cunningham and J.A. Wells. Science, 244:1081, 1989.

    Google Scholar 

  96. S.P. Curran, D. Leuenberger, W. Oppliger, and C.M. Koehler. EMBO J., 21:942, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  97. S.B. Daniels, M.S. Bernatowicz, J.M. Coull, and H. Köster. Tetrahedron Lett., 30:4345, 1989.

    Google Scholar 

  98. A. Darji, K. Niebuhr, M. Hense, J. Wehland, T. Chakraborty, and S. Weiss. Infect. Immun., 64:2356, 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  99. P.E. Dawson, T.W. Muir, I. Clark-Lewis, and S.B.H. Kent. Science, 266:776, 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  100. E. DeGiglio, L. Sabbatini, S. Colucci, and G. Zambonin. J. Biomater. Sci. Polymer Edition, 11:1073, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  101. B. de Heij, C. Steinert, H. Sandmaier, and R. Zengerle. Proceedings of MEMS 2002: The Fifteenth IEEE International Conference (Las Vegas) on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (Institue of Electrical and Electronics Engineeres, New York, N.Y., p. 706, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  102. N. Dekker, R.C. Cox, R.A. Kramer, and M.R. Egmond. Biochemistry, 40:1694, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  103. E. Delamarche, A. Bernhard, H. Schmid, B. Michael, and H. Biebuyck. Science, 276:779, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  104. E. Delamarche, A. Bernhard, H. Schmid, A. Bietsch, B. Michael, and H. Biebuyck. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 120:500, 1998a.

    Google Scholar 

  105. E. Delamarche, H. Schmid, A. Bietsch, N.B. Larsen, H. Rothuizen, B. Michel, and H. Biebuyck. J. Phys. Chem. B, 102:3324, 1998b.

    Google Scholar 

  106. E. Delamarche, M. Geissler, H. Wolf, and B. Michel. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 124:3834, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  107. E. Delamarche, C. Donzel, F.S. Kamounah, H. Wolf, M. Geissler, R. Stutz, P. Schmidt-Winkler, B. Michel, H.J. Mathieu, and K. Schaumburg. Langmuir, 19:8749, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  108. W.L. DeLano. Curr. Opin. Struct. Biol., 12:14, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  109. M. Dell’Orco, P. Saldarelli, A. Minafra, D. Boscia, and D. Gallitelli. Arch. Virol., 147:627, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  110. L.M. Demers, D.S. Ginger, S.-J. Park, Z. Li, S.-W. Chung, and C.A. Mirkin. Science, 296:1836, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  111. B. Déprez, X. Willard, L. Bourel, H. Coste, F. Hyafil, and A. Tartar. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 117:5405, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  112. E. Deuerling, H. Patzelt, S. Vorderwulbecke, T. Rauch, G. Kramer, E. Schaffitzel, A. Mogk, A. Schulze-Specking, H. Langen, and B. Bukau. Mol. Microbiol., 47:1317, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  113. L. Dong, J. Schneider-Mergener, and A. Kramer. In Peptides 1998: Proceedings of the Twenty-Fifth European Peptide Symposium, S. Bajusz and F. Hudecz (eds.), Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, p. 530, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  114. L. Dong, M. Hülsmeyer, H. Dürkop, H.P. Hansen, J. Schneider-Mergener, A. Ziegler, and B. Uchanska-Ziegler. J. Mol. Recognit., 16:28, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  115. W.R.G. Dostmann, C. Nickl, S. Thiel, I. Tsigelny, R. Frank, and W.J. Tegge. Pharmacol. Ther., 82:373, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  116. W.R.G. Dostmann, M.S. Taylor, C.K. Nickl, J.E. Brayden, R. Frank, and W.J. Tegge. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 97:14772, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  117. W.R.G. Dostmann, W. Tegge, R. Frank, C.K. Nickl, M.S. Taylor, and J.E. Brayden. Pharmacol. Ther., 93:203, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  118. D. Dottavio. In G.E. Morris (ed.), Methods in Molecular Biology, Humana Press Inc., Totowa, NJ, p. 181, 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  119. J.-C. Doury, J.-L. Goasdoue, H. Tolou, M. Martelloni, S. Bonnefoy, and O. Mercereau-Puijalon. Mol. Biochem. Parasitol., 85:1997.

    Google Scholar 

  120. B.E. Drees, K.M. Andrews, and M.C. Beckerle. J. Cell. Biol., 147:1999.

    Google Scholar 

  121. B. Drees, E. Friederich, J. Fradelizi, D. Louvard, M.C. Beckerle, and R.M. Golsteyn. J. Biol. Chem., 275:22503, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  122. Y. Duan and R.A. Laursen. Anal. Biochem., 216:431, 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  123. A. Ducki, O. Grundmann, L. Konermann, F. Mayer, and M. Hoppert. J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol., 44:327, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  124. J. Ducree, H. Gruhler, N. Hey, M.Müller, S. Bekesi, M. Freygang, H. Sandmaier, and R. Zengerle. Proceedings of the MEMS 2000: The Thirteenth IEEE International Micro Electro Mechanical Systems Conference, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  125. M. Edlund, I. Blikstad, and B. öbrink. J. Biol. Chem., 271:1393, 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  126. M. Edlund, K. Wikström, R. Toomik, P. Ek, and B. öbrink. FEBS Lett., 425:166, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  127. J. Eichler, M. Beyermann, and M. Bienert. Collect. Czech. Chem. Commun., 54:1746, 1989.

    Google Scholar 

  128. J. Eichler, M. Bienert, A. Stierandowa, and M. Lebl. Peptide Res., 4:296, 1991.

    Google Scholar 

  129. J.K. Elder, M. Johnson, N. Milner, K.U. Mir, M. Sohail, and E.M. Southern. In DNA Microarrays, A Practical Approach, M. Schena (ed.), Oxford University Press, New York, p. 77, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  130. M.S.M. Eldin, M. Portaccio, N. Diano, S. Rossi, U. Bencivenga, A. D’Uva, P. Canciglia, F.S. Gaeta, and D.G. Mita. J. Mol. Cat. B: Enzymatic, 7:251, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  131. R. Elies, L.X.M. Fu, P. Eftekhari, G. Wallukat, W. Schulze, C. Granier, å. Hjalmarson, and J. Hoebeke. Eur. J. Biochem., 251:659, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  132. S.A. Elrod, B. Hadimioglu, B.T. Khuri-Yakub, E.G. Rawson, E. Richley, C.F. Quate, N.N. Mansour, and T.S. Lundgren. J. Appl. Phys., 65:3441, 1989.

    Google Scholar 

  133. A.Q. Emili and G. Cagney. Nat. Biotechnol., 18:393, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  134. D.R. Englebretsen and D.R.K. Harding. Peptide Res., 7:322, 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  135. C. Erck, R. Frank, and J. Wehland. Neurochem. Res., 25:5, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  136. E. Erdmanntraut, K. Wohlfart, S. Wölfl, T. Schulz, and M. Köhler. In W. Ehrfeld (ed.), Microreaction Technology-Proceedings of the First International Conference on Microreaction Technology. Springer, Heidelberg, p. 332, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  137. E. Erdmanntraut, T. Schulz, J. Tuchscherer, S. Wölfel, H.P. Saluz, E. Thallner, and M.J. Köhler. In Proceedings of µTAS’98, Kluwer Scientific Publishing, Utrecht, p. 217, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  138. X. Espanel and M. Sudol. J. Biol. Chem., 274:17284, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  139. X. Espanel and M. Sudol. J. Biol. Chem., 276:14514, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  140. X. Espanel, M. Huguenin-Reggiani, and R.H. van Huijsduijnen. Protein Sci., 11:2326, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  141. X. Espanel, S.Wälchli, T. Rückle, A. Harrenga, M. Huguenin-Reggiani, and R.H. van Huijsduijnen. J. Biol. Chem., 278:15162, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  142. M. Esposito, V. Venkatesh, L. Otvos, Z. Weng, S. Vajda, K. Banki, and A. Perl. J. Immunol., 163:1999.

    Google Scholar 

  143. J.R. Falsey, M. Renil, S. Park, S. Li, and K.S. Lam. Bioconjugate Chem., 12:346, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  144. F. Fazio, M.C. Bryan, O. Blixt, J.C. Paulson, and C.-H. Wong. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 124:14397, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  145. G. Ferrières, C. Calzolari, J.-C. Mani, D. Laune, S. Trinquier, M. Laprade, C. Larue, B. Pau, and C. Granier. Clin. Chem., 44:487, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  146. G. Ferrières, M. Pugnière, J.-C. Mani, S. Villard, M. Laprade, P. Doutre, B. Pau, and C. Granier. FEBS Lett., 479:99, 2000a.

    Google Scholar 

  147. G. Ferrières, S. Villard, M. Pugnière, J.-C. Mani, I. Navarro-Teulon, F. Rharbaoui, D. Laune, E. Loret, B. Pau, and C. Granier. Eur. J. Biochem., 267:1819, 2000b.

    Google Scholar 

  148. H. Fiehn, S. Howitz, and T. Wegener. Pharmazeutische Industrie, 59:814, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  149. G.B. Fields, and R.L. Noble. Int. J. Peptide Prot. Res., 35:161, 1990.

    Google Scholar 

  150. V.L. Filatov, A.G. Katrukha, A.V. Bereznikova, T.V. Esakova, T.V. Bulargina, O.V. Kolosova, E.S. Severin, and N.B. Gusev. Biochem. Mol. Biol. Int., 45:1179, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  151. S.P.A. Fodor, J.L. Read, M.C. Pirrung, L. Stryer, A.T. Lu, and D. Solas. Science, 251:767, 1991.

    Google Scholar 

  152. D. Foedinger, A. Elbe-Bürger, B. Steniczky, M. Lackner, R. Horvat, K. Wolff, and K. Rappersberger. J. Invest. Dermatol., 111:503, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  153. R. Frank and R. Döring. Tetrahedron, 44:6031, 1988.

    Google Scholar 

  154. R. Frank, S. Güler, S. Krause, and W. Lindenmaier. In E. Giralt and D. Andreu (eds.), Peptides 1990 Proceedings of the 21st European Peptide Symposium. ESCOM, Leiden, p. 151, 1991.

    Google Scholar 

  155. R. Frank. Tetrahedron, 48:9217, 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  156. R. Frank. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 3:425, 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  157. R. Frank. J. Biotechnol., 41:259, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  158. R. Frank, and H. Overwin. In G.E. Morris (ed.), Methods in Molecular Biology. Humana Press, Inc., Totowa, NJ, p. 149, 1996a.

    Google Scholar 

  159. R. Frank, S. Hoffmann, M. Kie\, H. Lahmann, W. Tegge, C. Behn, and H. Gausepohl. In G. Jung (ed.), Combinatorial Peptide and Nonpeptide Libraries, VCH Verlagsgesellschaft, Weinheim, p. 363, 1996b.

    Google Scholar 

  160. R. Frank. J. Immunol. Methods, 267:13, 2002a.

    Google Scholar 

  161. R. Frank and J. Schneider-Mergener. In J. Koch and M. Mahler (eds.), Peptide Arrays on Membrane Supports—Synthesis and Applications. Springer Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, p. 1, 2002b.

    Google Scholar 

  162. R. Frank. Comb. Chem. High Throughput Screen., 5:429, 2002c.

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  163. J. Fu, M. Hato, K. Igarashi, T. Suzuki, H. Matsuoka, A. Ishii, J.L. Leafasia, Y. Chinzei, and N. Ohta. Microbiol. Immunol., 44:249, 2000a.

    Google Scholar 

  164. J. Fu, M. Hato, H. Ohmae, H. Matsuoka, M. Kawabata, K. Tanabe, Y. Miyamoto, J.L. Leafasia, Y. Chinzei, and N. Ohta. Parasitol. Res., 86:345, 2000b.

    Google Scholar 

  165. T. Fujii and M. Kunimatsu. Biol. Pharm. Bull., 26:771, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  166. á. Furka. Drug Discov. Today, 7:1, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  167. H.F. Gaertner, K. Rose, R. Cotton, D. Timms, R. Camble, and R.E. Offord. Bioconjugate Chem., 3:262, 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  168. M.A. Gallop, R.W. Barrett, W.J. Dower, S.P.A. Fodor, and E.M. Gordon. J. Med. Chem., 37:1233, 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  169. B. Gao and M.P. Esnouf. J. Biol. Chem., 271:24634, 1996a.

    Google Scholar 

  170. B. Gao and M.P. Esnouf. J. Immunol., 157:183, 1996b.

    Google Scholar 

  171. X. Gao, P. Yu, E. LeProust, L. Sonigo, J.P. Pellois, and H. Zhang. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 120:12698, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  172. X. Gao, X. Zhou, and E. Gulari. Proteomics, 3:2135, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  173. G. García-Casado, L.F. Pacios, A. Díaz-Perales, R. Sánchez-Monge, M. Lombardero, F.J. García-Selles, F. Polo, D. Barber, and G. Salcedo. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol., 112:599, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  174. H.R. Garner. Proceedings Lab Chips and MicroArrays Biotech. Appl., Zürich, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  175. H. Gausepohl and C. Behn. In J. Koch and M. Mahler (eds.), Peptide Arrays on Membrane Supports—Synthesis and Applications. Springer Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, p. 55, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  176. H.M. Geysen, R.H. Meloen, and S.J. Barteling. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 81:3998, 1984.

    Google Scholar 

  177. H.M. Geysen, S.J. Rodda, and T.J. Mason. Mol. Immunol., 23:709, 1986.

    Google Scholar 

  178. H.M. Geysen, S.J. Rodda, T.J. Mason, G. Tribbick, and P.G. Schofs. J. Immunol. Methods, 102:259, 1987.

    Google Scholar 

  179. L. Germeroth, U. Reineke, K. Dietmeier, C. Piossek, N. Heine, D. Scharn, T. Ast, M. Schulz, H. Matuschewski, A. Kramer, J. Scheider-Mergener, and H. Wenschuh. In W. Ehrfeld (ed.), Microreaction Technology: Industrial Prospects. Springer Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, p. 124, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  180. S.M. Gonsior, S. Platz, S. Buchmeier, U. Scheer, B.M. Jockusch, and H. Hinssen. J. Cell Science, 112:797, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  181. A. Gouin-Charnet, D. Laune, C. Granier, J.-C. Mani, B. Pau, G. Mourad, and A. Argilés. Clin. Sci., 98:427, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  182. D.M. Granoff, G.R. Moe, M.M. Giuliani, J. Adu-Bobie, L. Santini, B. Brunelli, F. Piccinetti, P. Zuno-Mitchell, S.S. Lee, P. Neri, L. Bracci, L. Lozzi, and R. Rappuoli. J. Immunol., 167:6487, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  183. D.E. Gray, S.C. Case-Green, T.S. Fell, P.J. Dobson, and E.M. Southern. Langmuir, 13:2833, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  184. M.R. Grooves and I. Sinning. In J. Koch and M. Mahler (eds.), Peptide Arrays on Membrane Supports—Synthesis and Applications. Springer Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, p. 83, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  185. M.R. Groves, A. Mant, A. Kuhn, J. Koch, S. Dübel, C. Robinson, and I. Sinning. J. Biol. Chem., 276:27778, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  186. J.T. Groves and S.G. Boxer. Accounts Chem. Res., 35:149, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  187. S.M. Gruber, P. Yu-Yang, and S.P.A. Fodor. In J.A. Smith and J.E. Rivier (eds.), Peptides—Chemistry and Biology: Proceedings of the 12th American Peptide Symposium 1991. ESCOM, Leiden, p. 489, 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  188. Z.-Z. Gu, A. Fujishima, and O. Sato. Angew. Chem., 144:2172, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  189. F. Guillaumie, O.R.T. Thomas, and K.J. Jensen. Bioconjugate Chem., 13:285, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  190. D. Guschin, G. Yershov, A. Zaslavsky, A. Gemmell, V.V. Shick, D. Proudnikov, P. Arenkov, and A.D. Mirzabekov. Anal. Biochem., 250:203, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  191. M. Hahn, D. Winkler, K. Welfle, R. Misselwitz, H. Welfle, H. Wessner, G. Zahn, C. Scholz, M. Seifert, R. Harkins, J. Schneider-Mergener, and W. Höhne. J. Mol. Biol., 314:293, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  192. H. Halimi, M. Eisenstein, J.-W. Oh, M. Revel, and J. Chebath. Eur. Cytokine Netw., 6:135, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  193. H. Halimi, H. Dumortier, J.-P. Briand, and S. Muller. J. Immunol. Methods, 199:77, 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  194. S. Hammerschmidt, M.P. Tillig, S. Wolff, J.-P. Vaerman, and G.S. Chhatwal. Mol. Microbiol., 36:726, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  195. S.H. Hang and C.A. Mirkin. Science, 288:1808, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  196. H.P. Hansen, A. Recke, U. Reineke, B. von Tresckow, P. Borchmann, E.P. von Strandmann, H. Lange, H. Lemke, and A. Engert. FASEB J. In press, 2004.

    Google Scholar 

  197. N.C. Hauser, M. Vingron, M. Schneideler, B. Krems, K. Hellmuth, K.-D. Entian, and D.J. Hoheisel. Yeast, 14:1209, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  198. H. Hawlisch, R. Frank, M. Hennecke, M. Baensch, B. Sohns, L. Arseniev, W. Bautsch, A. Kola, A. Klos, and J. Köhl. J. Immunol., 160:2947, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  199. H. Hawlisch, M. Müller, R. Frank, W. Bautsch, A. Klos, and J. Köhl. Anal. Biochem., 293:142, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  200. P. Heiduschka, W. Göpel, W. Beck, W. Kraas, S. Kienle, and G. Jung. Chem. Eur. J., 2:667, 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  201. N. Heine, L. Germeroth, J. Schneider-Mergener, and H. Wenschuh. Tetrahedron Lett., 42:227, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  202. N. Heine, T. Ast, J. Schneider-Mergener, U. Reineke, L. Germeroth, and H. Wenschuh. Tetrahedron, 59:9919, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  203. J.H. Helbig, B. König, H. Knospe, B. Bubert, C. Yu, C.P. Lück, A. Riboldi-Tunnicliffe, R. Hilgenfeld, E. Jacobs, J. Hacker, and G. Fischer. Biol. Chem., 384:125, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  204. P.J. Hergenrother, K.M. Depew, and S.L. Schreiber. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 122:7849, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  205. K. Hilpert, J. Behlke, C. Scholz, R. Misselwitz, J. Schneider-Mergener, and W. Höhne. Virology, 254:6, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  206. K. Hilpert, G. Hansen, H. Wessner, J. Schneider-Mergener, and W. Höhne. J. Biochem., 128:1051, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  207. S. Himpel, W. Tegge, R. Frank, S. Leder, H.-G. Joost, and W. Becker. J. Biol. Chem., 274:2431, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  208. N. Hird, I. Hughes, D. Hunter, M.G.J.T. Morrison, D.C. Sherrington, and L. Stevenson. Tetrahedron, 55:9575, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  209. M.F. Ho, B.A. Wilson, and J.W. Peterson. J. Chin. Chem. Soc., 46:735, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  210. K.G. Hoff, D.T. Ta, T.L. Tapley, J.J. Silberg, and L.E. Vickery. J. Biol. Chem., 277:27353, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  211. U. Hoffmüller, M. Russwurm, F. Kleinjung, J. Ashurst, H. Oschkinat, R. Volkmer-Engert, D. Koesling, and J. Schneider-Mergener. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 38:2000, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  212. U. Hoffmüller, T. Knaute, M. Hahn,W. Höhne, J. Schneider-Mergener, and A. Kramer. EMBO J., 19:4866, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  213. C.P. Holmes, C.L. Adams, L.M. Kochersperger, R.B. Mortensen, and L.A. Aldwin. Biopolymers (Peptide Science), 37:199, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  214. S.H. Hong, J. Zhu, and C.A. Mirkin. Science, 286:523, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  215. R.A. Houghten, C. Pinilla, S.E. Blondelle, J.R. Appel, C.T. Dooley, and J.H. Cuervo. Nature, 354:84, 1991.

    Google Scholar 

  216. R.A. Houghten, J.R. Appel, S.E. Blondelle, J.H. Cuervo, C.T. Dooley, and C. Pinilla. BioTechniques, 13:412, 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  217. B.T. Houseman and M. Mrksich. Angew. Chem., 111:876, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  218. B.T. Houseman, J.H. Huh, S.J. Kron, and M. Mrksich. Nat. Biotechnol., 20:270, 2002a.

    Google Scholar 

  219. B.T. Houseman and M. Mrksich. Trends Biotechnol., 20:279, 2002b.

    Google Scholar 

  220. B.W. Howell, L.M. Lanier, R. Frank, F.B. Gertler, and J.A. Cooper. Mol. Cell. Biol., 19:5179, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  221. W. Hueber, P.J. Utz, L. Steinman, and W.H. Robinson. Arthritis Res., 4:290, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  222. T.R. Hughes, M. Mao, A.R. Jones, J. Burchard, M.J. Marton, K.W. Shannon, S.M. Lefkowitz, M. Ziman, J.M. Schelter, M.R. Meyer, S. Kobayashi, C. Davis, H. Dai, Y. D. He, S.B. Stephaniants, G. Cavet, W.L. Walker, A. West, E. Coffey, D.D. Shoemaker, R. Stoughton, A.P. Blanchard, S.H. Friend, and P.S. Linsley. Nat. Biotechnol., 19:342, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  223. C. Hultschig, M. Baensch, J. Köhl, and R. Frank. In R. Epton (ed.), Solid Phase Synthesis & Combinatorial Libraries. Mayflower Worldwide, Birmingham, p. 7, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  224. B. Hutter and M. Singh. Gene, 212:21, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  225. J. Hyun and A. Chilkoti. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 123:6943, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  226. J. Hyun, Y. Zhu, A. Liebmann-Vinson, T.P. Beebe Jr., and A. Chilkoti. Langmuir, 17:6358, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  227. S.K. Ibrahim, C.J. Pickett, and C. Sudbrake. J. Electroanal. Chem., 387:139, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  228. Y. Ikada. Biomaterials, 15:725, 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  229. H.D. Inerowicz, S. Howell, F.E. Regnier, and R. Reifenberger. Langmuir, 18:5263, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  230. R.J. Jackman, D.C. Duffy, E. Ostuni, N.D. Willmore, and G.M. Whitesides. Anal. Chem., 70:2280, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  231. T. Jacobs, M.D. Cima-Cabal, A. Darji, F.J. Méndez, F. Vázquez, A.A.C. Jacobs, Y. Shimada, Y. Ohno-Iwashita, S. Weiss, and J.R. de los Toyos. FEBS Lett., 459:463, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  232. J. James and J. Harley. Immunol. Rev., 164:789, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  233. C.D. James, R. Davis, M. Meyer, A. Turner, S. Turner, G. Withers, L. Kam, G. Banker, H. Craighead, M. Isaacson, J. Turner, and W. Shain. IEEE Transactions Biomed. Eng., 47:17, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  234. I.M. Janson, R. Toomik, F. O’Farrell, and P. Ek. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 247:447, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  235. K.-M. Järvinen, P. Chatchatee, L. Bardina, K. Beyer, and H.A. Sampson. Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol., 126:111, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  236. K.-M. Järvinen, K. Beyer, L. Vila, P. Chatchatee, P.J. Busse, and H.A. Sampson. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol., 110:293, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  237. C.L. Jellis, T.J. Cradick, P. Rennert, P. Salinas, J. Boyd, T. Amirault, and G.S. Gray. Gene, 137:63, 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  238. M. Jensen, T. Hartmann, B. Engvall, R. Wang, S.N. Uljon, K. Sennvik, J. Näslund, F. Muehlhauser, C. Nordstedt, K. Beyreuther, and L. Lannfelt. Mol. Med., 6:291, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  239. P.G. Jerlström, S.R. Talay, P. Valentin-Weigand, K.N. Timmis, and G.S. Chhatwal. Infect. Immun., 64:2787, 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  240. P.M. John and H.G. Craighead. Appl. Phys. Lett., 68:1022, 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  241. J.V.St. John and P. Wisian-Neilson. Mat. Res. Soc. Symp., 629:FF9.5.1, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  242. B. Johnsson, S. Löfas, and G. Lindquist. Anal. Biochem., 198:268, 1991.

    Google Scholar 

  243. P. Joki-Korpela, M. Roivainen, H. Lankinen, T. Pöyry, and T. Hyypiä. J. Gen. Virol., 81:1709, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  244. S. Jones and J.M. Thornton. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 93:13, 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  245. V.W. Jones, J.R. Kenseth, M.D. Porter, C.L. Mosher, and E. Henderson. Anal. Chem., 70:1233, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  246. G. Jung and A.G. Beck-Sickinger. Angew. Chem., 4:375, 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  247. G. Jung. Combinatorial Peptide and Nonpeptide Libraries (VCH Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Weinheim, Germany, 1996).

    Google Scholar 

  248. F. Jung, G. Neuer, and F.A. Bautz. Arthritis Rheum., 40:1803, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  249. H. Jung, R. Kulkarni, and C.P. Collier. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 125:12096, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  250. L. Kaikkonen, H. Lankinen, I. Harjunpää, K. Hokynar, M. Söderlund-Venermo, C. Oker-Blom, L. Hedmann, and K. Hedmann. J. Clin. Microbiol., 37:3952, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  251. T.G. Kang and Y.-H. Cho. Proceedings of MEMS 2003. The Sixteenth Annual International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, New York, N.Y., p. 690, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  252. N. Kanoh, S. Kumashiro, S. Simizu, Y. Kondoh, S. Hatakeyama, H. Tashiro, and H. Osada. Angew. Chem., 115:5742, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  253. H. Kaufmann, J. Bailey, and M. Fussenegger. Proteomics, 1:194, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  254. M. Kaup, K. Dassler, U. Reineke, C. Weise, R. Tauber, and H. Fuchs. Biol. Chem., 383:1011, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  255. T. Keitel, A. Kramer, H. Wessner, C. Scholz, J. Schneider-Mergener, and W. Höhne. Cell, 91:811, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  256. J.R. Kenseth, J.A. Harnisch, V.W. Jones, and M.D. Porter. Langmuir, 17:4105, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  257. H.J. Kim, J.H. Moon, and J.W. Park. J. Colloid Interface Sci., 227:247, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  258. S. Kiyonaka, K. Sada, I. Yoshimura, S. Shinkai, N. Kato, and I. Hamachi. Nat. Mater., 3:58, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  259. S. Kneissel, I. Queitsch, G. Petersen, O. Behrsing, B. Micheel, and S. Dübel. J. Mol. Biol., 288:21, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  260. N.T.M. Knoblauch, S. Rüdiger, H.-J. Schönfeld, A.J.M. Driessen, J. Schneider-Mergener, and B. Bukau. J. Biol. Chem., 274:34219, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  261. J. Koch, M. Mahler, and M. Blüthner. In J. Koch and M. Mahler (eds.), Peptide Arrays on Membrane Supports—Synthesis and Applications. Springer Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, p. 69, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  262. J. Koch, M. Liang, I. Queitsch, A.A. Kraus, and E.K. Bautz. Virology, 308:64, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  263. T. Kodadek. Chem. Biol., 8:105, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  264. N. Kolbus, W. Beuche, K. Felgenhauer, and M. Mäder. Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol., 80:298, 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  265. K. Komolpis, O. Srivannavit, and E. Gulari. Biotechnol. Prog., 18:641, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  266. S. König, G. Beterams, and M. Nassal. J. Virol., 72:4997, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  267. C. Korth, C. Stierli, P. Streit, M. Moser, O. Schaller, R. Fischer, W. Schulz-Schaeffer, H. Kretzschmar, A. Raeber, U. Braun, F. Ehrensperger, S. Hornemann, R. Glockshuber, R. Riek, M. Billeter, K. Wüthrich, and B. Oesch. Nature, 390:74, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  268. T. Koyano, M. Saito, Y. Miyamoto, K. Kaifu, and M. Kato. Biotechnol. Prog., 12:141, 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  269. A. Kramer, R. Volkmer-Engert, R. Malin, U. Reineke, and J. Schneider-Mergener. Peptide Res., 6:314, 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  270. A. Kramer, A. Schuster, U. Reineke, R. Malin, R. Volkmer-Engert, C. Landgraf, and J. Schneider-Mergener. METHODS: A Companion to Methods in Enzymology, 6:388, 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  271. A. Kramer, E. Vakalopoulou, W.-D. Schleuning, and J. Schneider-Mergener. Mol. Immunol., 32:459, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  272. A. Kramer, T. Keitel, K. Winkler, W. Stöcklein, W. Höhne, and J. Schneider-Mergener. Cell, 91:799, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  273. A. Kramer, and J. Schneider-Mergener. In S. Cabilly (ed.), Methods in Molecular Biology, Humana Press Inc., Totowa, NJ, p. 25, 1998a.

    Google Scholar 

  274. A. Kramer, R.-D. Stigler, T. Knaute, B. Hoffmann, and J. Schneider-Mergener. Protein Eng., 11:941, 1998b.

    Google Scholar 

  275. A. Kramer, M. Affelt, R. Volkmer-Engert, and J. Schneider-Mergener. Peptides 1998: Proceedings of the Twenty-Fifth European Peptide Symposium, S. Bajusz and F. Hudecz (eds.), Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, p. 546, 1999a.

    Google Scholar 

  276. A. Kramer, U. Reineke, L. Dong, B. Hoffmann, U. Hoffmüller, D. Winkler, R. Volkmer-Engert, and J. Schneider-Mergener. J. Pept. Res., 54:319, 1999b.

    Google Scholar 

  277. M. Krause, A.S. Sechi, M. Konradt, D. Monner, F.B. Gertler, and J. Wehland. J. Cell. Biol., 149:181, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  278. E. Krause, T. Bittdorf, and J. Schneider-Mergener. patent, WO 01/18545 A2, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  279. T. Kubota, T.Watanabe, N. Yokosawa, K. Tsuzuki, T. Indoh, K. Moriishi, K. Sanda, Y. Maki, K. Inoue, and N. Fujii. Appl. Environ. Microb., 63:1214, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  280. A. Kumar and G.M. Whitesides. Appl. Phys. Lett., 63:2002, 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  281. G. Küttner, A. Kramer, G. Schmidtke, E. Giessmann, L. Dong, D. Roggenbuck, C. Scholz, M. Seifert, R.-D. Stigler, J. Schneider-Mergener, T. Porstmann, and W. Höhne. Mol. Immunol., 36:669, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  282. J.J. La Clair and M.D. Burkart. Org. Biomol. Chem., 1:3244, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  283. J. Lahann, H. Höcker, and R. Langer. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl., 40:726, 2001a.

    Google Scholar 

  284. J. Lahann, D. Klee, W. Pluester, and H. Höcker. Biomaterials, 22:817, 2001b.

    Google Scholar 

  285. J. Lahiri, E. Ostuni, and G.M. Whitesides. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 122:6303, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  286. K.S. Lam, S.E. Salmon, E.M. Hersh, V.J. Hruby, W.M. Kazmierski, and R.J. Knapp. Nature, 354:82, 1991.

    Google Scholar 

  287. K.S. Lam and M. Renil. Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol., 6:353, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  288. K.S. Lam, R. Liu, S. Miyamoto, A.L. Lehman, and J.M. Tuscano. Accounts Chem. Res., 36:370, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  289. C. Larue, G. Ferrieres, M. Laprade, C. Calzolari, and C. Granier. Clin. Chem. Lab. Med., 36:361, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  290. D. Laune, F. Molina, G. Ferrieres, J.-C. Mani, P. Cohen, D. Simon, T. Bernardi, M. Piechaczyk, B. Pau, and C. Granier. J. Biol. Chem., 272:30937, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  291. D. Laune, B. Pau, and C. Granier. Clin. Chem. Lab. Med., 36:367, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  292. D. Laune, F. Molina, J.-C. Mani, M. Del Rio, M. Bouanani, B. Pau, and C. Granier. J. Immunol. Methods, 239:63, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  293. D. Laune, F. Molina, G. Ferrières, S. Villard, C. Bès, F. Rieunier, T. Chardès, and C. Granier. J. Immunol. Methods, 267:53, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  294. R.A. Laursen, and Z. Wang. In I. Sucholeiki (ed.), High-Throughput Organic Synthesis. Marcel Dekker, New York, p. 117, 2001a.

    Google Scholar 

  295. R.A. Laursen, C. Zhu, and Y. Duan. In I. Sucholeiki (ed.) High-Throughput Organic Synthesis. Marcel Dekker, New York, p. 109, 2001b.

    Google Scholar 

  296. H.P. Le. J. Imaging Sci. Technol., 42:49, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  297. D. Lebesgue, G.Wallukat, A. Mijares, C. Granier, J. Argibay, and J. Hoebeke. Eur. J. Pharmacol., 348:123, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  298. M. Lebl. Biopolymers (Peptide Science), 47:397, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  299. M. Lebl. J. Comb. Chem., 1:3, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  300. K.B. Lee, S.-J. Park, C.A. Mirkin, J.C. Smith, and M. Mrksich. Science, 295:1702, 2002a.

    Google Scholar 

  301. P.H. Lee, S.P. Sawan, Z. Modrusan, L.J. Arnold, and M.A. Reynolds. Bioconjugate Chem., 13:97, 2002b.

    Google Scholar 

  302. S.-W. Lee, H.-C. Kim, K. Kuk, and Y.-S. Oh. Sens. Actuators, A95:114, 2002c.

    Google Scholar 

  303. K.-N. Lee, D.-S. Shin, Y.-S. Lee, and Y.K. Kim. J. Micromech. Microeng., 13:18, 2003a.

    Google Scholar 

  304. K.-N. Lee, D.-S. Shin, Y.-S. Lee, and Y.K. Kim. J. Micromech. Microeng., 13:474, 2003b.

    Google Scholar 

  305. J.P. Lee and M.M. Sung. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 126:28, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  306. V. Lehmann and U. Gruning. Thin Solid Films, 297:13, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  307. G.A. Lemieux and C.R. Bertozzi. TIBTECH, 16:506, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  308. R. Lenigk, M. Carles, N.Y. Ip, and N.J. Sucher. Langmuir, 17:2497, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  309. E. LeProust, J.P. Pellois, P. Yu, H. Zhang, X. Gao, O. Srivannavit, E. Gulari, and X. Zhou. J. Comb. Chem., 2:349, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  310. M.-L. Lesaicherre, M. Uttamchandani, G.Y.J. Chen, and S.Q. Yao. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 12:2079, 2002a.

    Google Scholar 

  311. M.-L. Lesaicherre, M. Uttamchandani, G.Y.J. Chen, and S.Q. Yao. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 12:2085, 2002b.

    Google Scholar 

  312. J.B. Levy, A. Coulthart, and C.D. Pusey. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol., 8:1698, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  313. Y. Li, J.M. Desimone, C.-D. Poon, and E.T. Samulski. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 64:883, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  314. H. Li, D.-J. Kang, M.G. Blamire, and W.T.S. Huck. Nano Lett., 2:347, 2002a.

    Google Scholar 

  315. X.-D. Li, T.P. Mäkelä, D. Guo, R. Soliymani, V. Koistinen, O. Vapalathi, A. Vaheri, and H. Lankinen. J. Gen. Virol., 83:759, 2002b.

    Google Scholar 

  316. O.D. Liang, T. Chavakis, S.M. Kanse, and K.T. Preissner. J. Biol. Chem., 276:28946, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  317. O.D. Liang, K. Bdeir, R.L. Matz, T. Chavakis, and K.T. Preissner. J. Biochem., 134:661, 2003a.

    Google Scholar 

  318. M. Liang, M. Mahler, J. Koch, Y. Ji, D. Li, C. Schmaljohn, and E.K.F. Bautz. J. Med. Virol., 69:99, 2003b.

    Google Scholar 

  319. L. Libioulle, A. Bietsch, H. Schmid, B. Michel, and E. Delamarche. Langmuir, 15:300, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  320. K. Licha, S. Bhargava, C. Rheinländer, A. Becker, J. Schneider-Mergener, and R. Volkmer-Engert. Tetrahedron Lett., 41:1711, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  321. J.-å. Liljeqvist, E. Trybala, B. Svennerholm, S. Jeansson, E. Sjögren-Jansson, and T. Bergström. J. Gen. Virol., 79:1215, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  322. J.-å. Liljeqvist, E. Trybala, J. Hoebeke, B. Svennerholm, and T. Bergström. J. Gen. Virol., 83:157, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  323. H. Linn, K.S. Ermekova, S. Rentschler, A.B. Sparks, B.K. Kay, and M. Sudol. Biol. Chem., 378:531, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  324. R.J. Lipshutz, S.P.A. Fodor, T.R. Gingeras, and D.J. Lockart. Nature Genet., 21:20, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  325. C.-F. Liu, C. Rao, and J.P. Tam. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 118:307, 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  326. Z. Liu, D. Song, A. Kramer, A.C.R. Martin, T. Dandekar, J. Schneider-Mergener, E.K.F. Bautz, and S. Dübel. J. Mol. Recognit., 12:103, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  327. R. Liu, A.M. Enstrom, and K.S. Lam. Exp. Hematol., 31:11, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  328. T. Livache, H. Bazin, P. Caillat, and A. Roget. Biosens. Bioelectron., 13:629, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  329. M.A. Livshits and A.D. Mirzabekov. Biophys. J., 71:2795, 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  330. J.M. Lizcano, M. Deak, N. Morrice, A. Kieloch, C.J. Hastie, L. Dong, M. Schutkowski, U. Reimer, and D.R. Alessi. J. Biol. Chem., 277:27839, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  331. R. Llanos, V. Chevrier, M. Ronjat, P. Meurer-Grob, P. Martinez, R. Frank, M. Bornens, R.H. Wade, J. Wehland, and D. Job. Biochemistry, 38:15712, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  332. J.R. Long, N. Oyler, G.P. Drobny, and P.S. Stayton. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 124:6297, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  333. Y.-L. Loo, R.L. Willett, K.W. Baldwin, and J.A. Rogers. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 124:7654, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  334. M. Loog, R. Toomik, K. Sak, G. Muszynska, J. Järv, and P. Ek. Eur. J. Biochem., 267:337, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  335. W. Lu, M.A. Qasim, and S.B.H. Kent. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 118:8518, 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  336. P.J. Lu, X.Z. Zhou, M. Shen, and K.P. Lu. Science, 283:1325, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  337. K. Luo, P. Zhou, and H.F. Lodish. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 92:11761, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  338. G. MacBeath and S.L. Schreiber. Science, 289:1760, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  339. D. Mahé, P. Blanchard, C. Truong, C. Arnauld, P. Le Cann, R. Cariolet, F. Madec, E. Albina, and A. Jestin. J. Gen. Virol., 81:1815, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  340. M. Mahler, R. Mierau, and M. Blüthner. J. Mol. Med., 78:500, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  341. M. Mahler, R. Mierau, W. Schlumberger, and M. Blüthner. J. Mol. Med., 79:722, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  342. M. Mahler, M. Blüthner, and J. Koch. In J. Koch and M. Mahler (eds.), Peptide Arrays on Membrane Supports—Synthesis and Applications. Springer Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, p. 107, 2002a.

    Google Scholar 

  343. M. Mahler, R. Mierau, E. Genth, and M. Blüthner. Arthritis Rheum., 46:1866, 2002b.

    Google Scholar 

  344. M. Mahler, K. Kessenbrock, J. Raats, R. Williams, M.J. Fritzler, and M. Blüthner. J. Mol. Med., 81:194, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  345. S.A. Makohliso, D. Leonard, L. Giovangrandi, H.J. Mathieu, M. Ilegems, and P. Aebischer. Langmuir, 15:2940, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  346. R. Malin, R. Steinbrecher, J. Jannsen, W. Semmler, B. Noll, B. Johannsen, C. Frömmel, W. Höhne, and J. Schneider-Mergener. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 117:11821, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  347. G. Marko-Varga, J. Nilsson, and T. Laurell. Electrophoresis, 24:3521, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  348. W. Martens, I. Greiser-Wilke, T.C. Harder, K. Dittmar, R. Frank, C. örvell, V. Moennig, and B. Liess. Vet. Microbiol., 44:289, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  349. B.D. Martin, B.P. Gaber, C.H. Patterson, and D.C. Turner. Langmuir, 14:3971, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  350. K. Martin, T.H. Steinberg, L.A. Cooley, K.R. Gee, J.M. Beechem, and W.F. Patton. Proteomics, 3:1244, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  351. U. Maskos and E.M. Southern. Nucl. Acid Res., 21:2267, 1993a.

    Google Scholar 

  352. U. Maskos and E.M. Southern. Nucl. Acid Res., 21:4663, 1993b.

    Google Scholar 

  353. J.M. Mataraza, M.W. Briggs, Z. Li, R. Frank, and D.B. Sacks. Biochem. Bioph. Res. Com., 305:315, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  354. R.S. Matson, J.B. Rampal, and P.J. Coassin. Anal. Biochem., 217:306, 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  355. S. Matysiak, N.C. Hauser, S. Würtz, and J.D. Hoheisel. Nucleos. Nucleot., 18:1289, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  356. S. Matysiak, F. Reuthner, and J.D. Hoheisel. BioTechniques, 31:896, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  357. O. Mayboroda, K. Schlüter, and B.M. Jockusch. Cell Motil. Cytoskel., 37:166, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  358. Y. Mazor, S. Gilead, I. Benhar, and E. Gazit. J. Mol. Biol., 322:1013, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  359. J.S. McCarthy, S. Rüdiger, H.-J. Schönfeld, J. Schneider-Mergener, K. Nakahigashi, T. Yura, and B. Bukau. J. Mol. Biol., 256:829, 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  360. M.E. McGovern and M. Thompson. Can. J. Chem., 77:1678, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  361. O. Melnyk, X. Duburcq, C. Olivier, F. Urbès, C. Auriault, and H. Gras-Masse. Bioconjugate Chem., 13:713, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  362. R.H. Meloen, W.C. Puijk, J.P.M. Langefeld, J.P.M. Langedijk, A. van Amerongen, and W.M.M. Schaaper. In N.D. Zegers, W.J.A. Boersma, and E. Claassen (eds.), Immunological Recognition of Peptides in Medicine and Biology. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, p. 15, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  363. R.H. Meloen, W.C. Puijk, and J.W. Slootstra. J. Mol. Recognit., 13:352, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  364. R.H. Meloen, J.P.M. Langeveld, W.M.M. Schaaper, and J.W. Slootstra. Biologicals, 29:233, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  365. B. Michel, A. Bernard, A. Bietsch, E. Delamarche, M. Geissler, D. Junker, H. Kind, J.P. Renault, H. Rothuizen, H. Schmid, P. Schmidt-Winkler, R. Stutz, and H. Wolf. IBM J. Res. Dev., 45:697, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  366. B. Michel, A. Bernard, A. Bietsch, E. Delamarche, M. Geissler, D. Junker, H. Kind, J.P. Renault, H. Rothuizen, H. Schmid, P. Schmidt-Winkler, R. Stutz, and H. Wolf. Chimia., 56:527, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  367. A.D. Mirzabekov. Trends Biotechnol., 12:27, 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  368. M.M. Mohebi and J.R.G. Evans. J. Comb. Chem., 4:267, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  369. M.M. Mohebi and J.R.G. Evans. J. Am. Ceramic Soc., 86:1654, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  370. A.-M. Moilanen, U. Karvonen, H. Poukka, O.A. Jänne, and J.J. Palvimo. Mol. Biol. Cell, 9:2527, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  371. F. Molina, D. Laune, C. Gougat, B. Pau, and C. Granier. Peptide Res., 9:151, 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  372. F. Molina, B. Pau, and C. Granier. Lett. Pept. Sci., 4:201, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  373. D. Moll, C. Huber, B. Schlegel, D. Pum, U.B. Sleytr, and M. Sára. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 99:14646, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  374. C. Monnet, D. Laune, J. Laroche-Traineau, M. Biard-Piechaczyk, L. Briant, C. Bès, M. Pugnière, J.-C. Mani, B. Pau, M. Cerutti, G. Devauchelle, C. Devaux, C. Granier, and T. Chardès. J. Biol. Chem., 274:3789, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  375. M. Mrksich. Chem. Soc. Rev., 29:267, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  376. S. Mukhija, L. Germeroth, J. Schneider-Mergener, and B. Erni. Eur. J. Biochem., 254:433, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  377. G. Münch, D. Schicktanz, A. Behme, M. Gerlach, P. Riederer, D. Palm, and R. Schinzel. Nat. Biotechnol., 17:1006, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  378. Y. Muro, N. Azuma, H. Onouchi, M. Kunimatsu, Y. Tomita, M. Sasaki, and K. Sugimoto. Clin. Exp. Immunol., 120:218, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  379. R. Necina, K. Amatschek, E. Schallaun, H. Schwinn, D. Josic, and A. Jungbauer. J. Chromatogr. B, 715:191, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  380. H.E. Neuman de Vegvar, R.R. Amara, L. Steinman, P.J. Utz, H.L. Robinson, and W.H. Robinson. J. Virol., 77:11125, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  381. D.V. Nicolau, T. Taguchi, H. Taniguchi, and S. Yoshikawa. Langmuir, 14:1927, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  382. K. Niebuhr, F. Ebel, R. Frank, M. Reinhard, E. Domann, U.D. Carl, U. Walter, F.B. Gertler, J. Wehland, and T. Chakraborty. EMBO J., 16:5433, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  383. K. Nito, S. Suzuki, K. Miyasaki, and K. Ishikawa. Polym. Prep. Jpn., 29:171, 1980.

    Google Scholar 

  384. D.A. Nivens and D.W. Conrad. Langmuir, 18:499, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  385. W.B. Nowall, D.O. Wipf, and W.G. Kuhr. Anal. Chem., 70:2601, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  386. I.O.L. Otvos, T. Kieber-Emmons, and M. Blaszczyk-Thurin. Peptides, 23:999, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  387. Y. Ogiwana and M. Kanda. J. Polym. Sci. Polym. Lett. Ed., 19:457, 1981.

    Google Scholar 

  388. S.J. Oh, S.J. Cho, C.O. Kim, and J.W. Park. Langmuir, 18:1764, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  389. A.A. Osman, H. Uhlig, B. Thamm, J. Schneider-Mergener, and T. Mothes. FEBS Lett., 433:103, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  390. A.A. Osman, T. Günnel, A. Dietl, H.H. Uhlig, M. Amin, B. Fleckenstein, T. Richter, and T. Mothes. Clin. Exp. Immunol., 121:248, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  391. A.A. Osman, H.H. Uhlig, I. Valdes, M. Amin, E. Méndez, and T. Mothes. Eur. J. Gastroenterol. Hepat., 13:1189, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  392. E. Ostuni, C.S. Chen, D.E. Ingber, and G.M. Whitesides. Langmuir, 17:2828, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  393. L. Otte, U. Wiedemann, B. Schlegel, J.R. Pires, M. Beyermann, P. Schmieder, G. Krause, R. Volkmer-Engert, J. Schneider-Mergener, and H. Oschkinat. Protein Sci., 12:491, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  394. L. Otvos Jr., A.M. Pease, K. Bokonyi, W. Giles-Davis, M.E. Rogers, P.A. Hintz, R. Hoffmann, and H.C.J. Ertl. J. Immunol. Methods, 233:95, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  395. S. Panse, L. Dong, A. Burian, R. Carus, M. Schutkowski, U. Reimer, and J. Schneider-Mergener. Mol. Divers., 8:291, 2004.

    Google Scholar 

  396. C.D. Partidos, F.B. Salani, J. Ripley, and M.W. Steward. Vaccine, 18:321, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  397. C. Pasquali, M.-L. Curchod, S. Wälchli, X. Espanel, M. Guerrier, F. Arigoni, G. Strous, and R.H. van Huijsduijnen. Molec. Endocrinol., 17:2228, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  398. N. Patel, G.H.W. Sanders, K.M. Shakesheff, S.M. Cannizzaro, M.C. Davies, R. Langer, C.J. Roberts, S.J.B. Tendlers, and P.M. Williams. Langmuir, 15:7252, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  399. H. Patzelt, S. Rüdiger, D. Brehmer, G. Kramer, S. Vorderwülbecke, E. Schaffitzel, A. Waitz, T. Hesterkamp, L. Dong, J. Schneider-Mergener, B. Bukau, and E. Deuerling. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci.U.S.A., 98:14244, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  400. M. Pawlak, E. Grell, E. Schick, D. Anselmetti, and M. Ehrat. Faraday Discuss., 111:273, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  401. M. Pawlak, E. Schick, M.A. Bopp, M.J. Schneider, P. Oroszlan, and M. Ehrat. Proteomics, 2:383, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  402. T. Pawson and P. Nash. Gene. Dev., 14:1027, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  403. T. Pawson and P. Nash. Science, 300:455, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  404. E. Peeters and S. Verdonckt-Vandebrock. IEEE Circuits and Devices, 13(4):19, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  405. J.P. Pellois, W. Wang, and X. Gao. J. Comb. Chem., 2:355, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  406. J.P. Pellois, X. Zhou, O. Srivannavit, T. Zhou, E. Gulari, and X. Gao. Nat. Biotechnol., 20:922, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  407. L.G. Pereira, L. Torrance, I.M. Roberts, and B.D. Harrison. Virology, 203:277, 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  408. G. Petersen. In J. Koch and M. Mahler (eds.), Peptide Arrays on Membrane Supports—Synthesis and Applications. Springer Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, p. 41, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  409. K. Pflegerl, R. Hahn, E. Berger, and A. Jungbauer. J. Peptide Res., 59:174, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  410. J. Piehler, A. Brecht, K.E. Geckler, and G. Gauglitz. Biosens. Bioelectron., 11:579, 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  411. J. Piehler, A. Brecht, K. Hehl, and G. Gauglitz. Colloids Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, 13:325, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  412. J. Piehler, A. Brecht, R. Valiokas, B. Liedberg, and G. Gauglitz. Biosens. Bioelectron., 15:473, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  413. R.D. Piner, J. Zhu, F. Xu, S. Hong, and C.A. Mirkin. Science, 283:661, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  414. C. Pinilla, J.R. Appel, P. Blanc, and R.A. Houghten. BioTechniques, 13:901, 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  415. C. Pinilla, J.R. Appel, and R.A. Houghten. Mol. Immunol., 30:577, 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  416. C. Pinilla, J.R. Appel, C. Dooley, S. Blondelle, J. Eichler, B. Dörner, J. Ostresh, and R.A. Houghten. In G. Jung (ed.) Combinatorial Peptide and Nonpeptide Libraries. VCH Verlagsgesellschaft, Weinheim, p. 139, 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  417. C. Piossek, J. Schneider-Mergener, M. Schirner, E. Vakalopoulou, L. Germeroth, and K.-H. Thierauch. J. Biol. Chem., 274:5612, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  418. C. Piossek, K.-H. Thierauch, J. Schneider-Mergener, R. Volkmer-Engert, M.F. Bachmann, T. Korff, H.G. Augustin, and L. Germeroth. Thromb. Haemost., 90:501, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  419. J.R. Pires, F. Taha-Nejad, F. Toepert, T. Ast, U. Hoffmüller, J. Schneider-Mergener, R. Kühne, M.J. Macias, and H. Oschkinat. J. Mol. Biol., 314:1147, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  420. J.R. Pires, X. Hong, C. Brockmann, R. Volkmer-Engert, J. Schneider-Mergener, H. Oschkinat, and R. Erdmann. J. Mol. Biol., 326:1427, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  421. M.C. Pirrung and J. Chen. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 117:1240, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  422. M.C. Pirrung. Chem. Rev., 97:473, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  423. S. Pistor, L. Gröbe, A.S. Sechi, E. Domann, B. Gerstel, L.M. Machesky, T. Chakraborty, and J. Wehland. J. Cell Sci., 113:3277, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  424. T.A. Pitcovsky, J. Mucci, P. Alvarez, M.S. Leguizamón, O. Burrone, P.M. Alzari, and O. Campetella. Infect. Immun., 69:1869, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  425. M.A. Podyminogin, E.A. Lukhtanov, and M.W. Reed. Nucleic Acid Res., 29:5090, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  426. J.-M. Portefaix, S. Thebault, F. Bourgain-Guglielmetti, M. Del Rio, C. Granier, J.-C. Mani, I. Navarro-Teulon, M. Nicolas, T. Soussi, and B. Pau. J. Immunol. Methods, 244:17, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  427. J.-M. Portefaix, M. Del Rio, C. Granier, F. Roquet, B. Pau, and I. Navarro-Teulon. Peptides, 24:339, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  428. A. Poustka, F. Breitling, K.-H. Gross, S. Duebel, and R. Saffrich. patent, EP 1140977 A, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  429. W.M. Prodinger, M.G. Schwendinger, J. Schoch, M. Köchle, C. Larcher, and M.P. Dierich. J. Immunol., 161:4604, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  430. D. Proudnikov, E. Timofeev, and A.D. Mirzabekov. Anal. Biochem., 259:34, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  431. M. Ptushkina, T. von der Haar, S. Vasilescu, R. Frank, R. Birkenhäger, and J.E.G. McCarthy. EMBO J., 17:4798, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  432. M. Pugnière, T. Chardès, C. Bès, C. Monnet, D. Laune, C. Granier, and J.-C. Mani. Int. J. Bio-Chromatogr., 5:187, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  433. W.C. Puijk, patent, WO 00/05584, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  434. S.S. Pullen, T.T.A. Dang, J.J. Crute, and M.R. Kehry. J. Biol. Chem., 274:14246, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  435. T. Pulli, H. Lankinen, M. Roivainen, and T. Hyypiä. Virology, 240:202, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  436. M. Purtscher, A. Trkola, A. Grassauer, P.M. Schulz, A. Klima, S. Döpper, G. Gruber, A. Buchacher, T. Muster, and H. Katinger. Aids, 10:587, 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  437. D. Qin, Y.N. Xia, J.A. Rogers, R.J. Jackman, X.-M. Zhao, and G.M. Whitesides. Top. Curr. Chem., 194:1, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  438. A.P. Quist, A.A. Bergman, C.T. Reimann, S.O. Oscarsson, and B.U.R. Sundquist. Scanning Microsc., 9:395, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  439. N. Raffler, J. Schneider-Mergener, and M. Famulok. Chem. Biol., 10:69, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  440. D. Rama, C. Calzolari, C. Granier, and B. Pau. Hybridoma, 16:153, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  441. K.H. Rau, N. DeJonge, and W. Haehnel. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 112:256, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  442. P. Reichmuth, H. Sigrist, M. Badertscher, W.E. Morf, N.F. de Rooij, and E. Pretsch. Bioconjugate Chem., 13:90, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  443. U. Reimer, U. Reineke, and J. Schneider-Mergener. Curr. Opin. Biotech., 13:315, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  444. U. Reineke, R. Sabat, A. Kramer, R.-D. Stigler, M. Seifert, T. Michel, H.-D. Volk, and J. Schneider-Mergener. Mol. Divers., 1:141, 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  445. U. Reineke, B. Ehrhard, R. Sabat, H.-D. Volk, and J. Schneider-Mergener. In R. Ramage and R. Epton (eds.), Peptides 1996: Proceedings of the Twenty-Fourth European Peptide Symposium. Mayflower Scientific Ltd., Kingswinford, p. 751, 1998a.

    Google Scholar 

  446. U. Reineke, R. Sabat, H.-D. Volk, and J. Schneider-Mergener. Protein Sci., 7:951, 1998b.

    Google Scholar 

  447. U. Reineke, A. Kramer, and J. Schneider-Mergener. Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol., 243:23, 1999a.

    Google Scholar 

  448. U. Reineke, R. Sabat, R. Misselwitz, H. Welfle, H.-D. Volk, and J. Schneider-Mergener. Nat. Biotechnol., 17:271, 1999b.

    Google Scholar 

  449. U. Reineke, J. Schneider-Mergener, R. W. Glaser, R.-D. Stigler, M. Seifert, H.-D. Volk, and R. Sabat. J. Mol. Recognit., 12:242, 1999c.

    Google Scholar 

  450. U. Reineke, S. Bhargava, M. Schutkowski, C. Landgraf, L. Germeroth, G. Fischer, and J. Schneider-Mergener. In S. Bajusz and F. Hudecz (eds.), Peptides 1998: Proceedings of the Twenty-Fifth European Peptide Symposium. Akadémiai Kiadó, Budapest, p. 562, 1999d.

    Google Scholar 

  451. U. Reineke, U. Hoffmüller, and J. Schneider-Mergener. patent, DE 198 31 429 A1, 2000a.

    Google Scholar 

  452. U. Reineke, R. Sabat, U. Hoffmüller, M. Schmidt, D. Kurzhals, H. Wenschuh, H.D. Volk, L. Germeroth, and J. Schneider-Mergener. In G.B. Fields, J.P. Tam, and G. Barany (eds.), Peptides for the New Millennium: Proceeding of the Sixteenth American Peptide Symposium 1999. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, p. 167, 2000b.

    Google Scholar 

  453. U. Reineke, A. Kramer, and J. Schneider-Mergener. In R. Kontermann and S. Dübel (eds.), Antibody Engineering (Springer Lab Manual). Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, p. 443, 2001a.

    Google Scholar 

  454. U. Reineke, R. Volkmer-Engert, and J. Schneider-Mergener. Curr. Opin. Biotech., 12:59, 2001b.

    Google Scholar 

  455. U. Reineke, D. Kurzhals, A. Köhler, C. Blex, J.E.G. McCarthy, P. Li, L. Germeroth, and J. Schneider-Mergener. In J. Martinez and J. A. Fehrentz (eds.), Peptides 2000: Proceedings of theTwenty-Sixth European Peptide Symposium. Editions EDK, Paris, p. 721, 2001c.

    Google Scholar 

  456. U. Reineke, B. Hoffmann, T. Ast, T. Polakowski, J. Schneider-Mergener, and R. Volkmer-Engert. In M. Lebl and R.A. Houghten (eds.), Peptides: TheWave of the Future; Proceedings of the Second International and the Seventeenth American Peptide Symposium. American Peptide Society, San Diego, CA, p. 577, 2001d.

    Google Scholar 

  457. U. Reineke and U. Hoffmüller. American Biotechnology Laboratory, p. 50, 2001e.

    Google Scholar 

  458. U. Reineke, C. Ivascu, M. Schlief, C. Landgraf, S. Gericke, G. Zahn, H. Herzel, R. Volkmer-Engert, and J. Schneider-Mergener. J. Immunol. Methods, 267:37, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  459. U. Reineke. In B.K.C. Lo (ed.), Antibody Engineering: Methods and Protocols. Humana Press Inc., Totowa, NJ, p. 443, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  460. M. Reinhard, J. Zumbrunn, D. Jaquemar, M. Kuhn, U. Walter, and B. Trueb. J. Biol. Chem., 274:13410, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  461. G. Renauld-Mongénie, D. Poncet, L. von Olleschik-Elbheim, T. Cournez, M. Mignon, M.A. Schmidt, and M.-J. Quentin-Millet. J. Bacteriol., 179:6400, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  462. A. Ressine, S. Ekstrom, G. Marko-Varga, and T. Laurell. Anal. Chem., 75:6968, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  463. M.D. Retzer, R.H. Yu, and A.B. Schryvers. Mol. Microbiol., 32:111, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  464. P. Reusch, S. Arnold, C. Heusser, K. Wagner, B. Weston, and W. Sebald. Eur. J. Biochem., 222:491, 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  465. M. Reuter, J. Schneider-Mergener, D. Kupper, A. Meisel, P. Mackeldanz, D.H. Krüger, and C. Schroeder. J. Biol. Chem., 274:5213, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  466. M. Reuter and E. Möncke-Buchner. In J. Koch and M. Mahler (eds.), Peptide Arrays on Membrane Supports—Synthesis and Applications. Springer Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, p. 97, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  467. A. Rezania and K.E. Healy. Biotechnol. Prog., 15:19, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  468. F. Rharbaoui, C. Granier, M. Kellou, J.-C. Mani, P. van Endert, A.-M. Madec, C. Boitard, B. Pau, and M. Bouanani. Immunol. Lett., 62:123, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  469. G. Riemekasten, J. Marell, G. Trebeljahr, R. Klein, G. Hausdorf, T. Häupl, J. Schneider-Mergener, G.R. Burmester, and F. Hiepe. J. Clin. Invest., 102:754, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  470. J.M. Rini, R.L. Stanfield, E.A. Stura, P.A. Salinas, A.T. Profy, and I.A. Wilson. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci.U.S.A., 90:6325, 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  471. H.A. Rinia, R.A. Kik, R.A. Demel, M.M.E. Snel, J.A. Killian, J.P.J.M. van der Eerden, and B. de Kruijff. Biochemistry, 39:5852, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  472. W.H. Robinson, C. DiGennaro, W. Hueber, B.B. Haab, M. Kamachi, E.J. Dean, S. Fournel, D. Fong, M.C. Genovese, H.E. Neuman de Vegvar, K. Skriner, D.L. Hirschberg, R.I. Morris, S. Muller, G.J. Pruijn, W.J. van Venrooij, J.S. Smolen, P.O. Brown, L. Steinman, and P.J. Utz. Nat. Med., 8:295, 2002a.

    Google Scholar 

  473. W.H. Robinson, L. Steinman, and P.J. Utz. BioTechniques, 33:S66, 2002b.

    Google Scholar 

  474. W.H. Robinson, L. Steinman, and P.J. Utz. Arthritis Rheum., 46:885, 2002c.

    Google Scholar 

  475. W.H. Robinson, H. Garren, P.J. Utz, and L. Steinman. Clin. Immunol., 103:7, 2002d.

    Google Scholar 

  476. W.H. Robinson, L. Steinman, and P.J. Utz. Proteomics, 3:2077, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  477. M. Rodriguez, S.S.-C. Li, J.W. Harper, and Z. Songyang. J. Biol. Chem., 279:8802, 2004.

    Google Scholar 

  478. I. Rodríguez-Crespo, B. Yélamos, F. Roncal, J.P. Albar, P.R.O. de Montellano, and F. Gavilanes. FEBS Lett., 503:135, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  479. S.D. Rose. JALA, 3:53, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  480. L.F. Rozsnyai, D.R. Benson, S.P.A. Fodor, and P. Schultz. Angew. Chem., 104:801, 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  481. S. Rüdiger, L. Germeroth, J. Schneider-Mergener, and B. Bukau. EMBO J., 16:1501, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  482. S. Rüdiger, M.P. Mayer, J. Schneider-Mergener, and B. Bukau. J. Mol. Biol., 304:245, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  483. S. Rüdiger, J. Schneider-Mergener, and B. Bukau. EMBO J., 20:1042, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  484. L. Rychlewski, M. Kschischo, L. Dong, M. Schutkowski, and U. Reimer. J. Mol. Biol., 336:307, 2004.

    Google Scholar 

  485. K. Sachse, J.H. Helbig, I. Lysnyansky, C. Grajetzki, W. Müller, E. Jacobs, and D. Yogev. Infect. Immun., 68:680, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  486. C.M. Salisbury, D.J. Maly, and J.A. Ellman. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 124:14868, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  487. F. Schaper, S. Kirchhoff, G. Posern, M. Köster, A. Oumard, R. Sharf, B.-Z. Levi, and H. Hauser. Biochem. J., 335:147, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  488. D. Scharn, H. Wenschuh, U. Reineke, J. Schneider-Mergener, and L. Germeroth. J. Comb. Chem., 2:361, 2000a.

    Google Scholar 

  489. D. Scharn, H. Wenschuh, J. Schneider-Mergener, and L. Germeroth. In R. Epton (ed.), Innovation and Perspectives in Solid Phase Synthesis and Combinatorial Libraries. MayflowerWorldwide Ltd., Birmingham, p. 157, 2000b.

    Google Scholar 

  490. D. Scharn, L. Germeroth, J. Schneider-Mergener, and H. Wenschuh. J. Org. Chem., 66:507, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  491. U. Scheele, J. Alves, R. Frank, M. Düwel, C. Kalthoff, and E. Ungewickell. J. Biol. Chem., 278:25357, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  492. M. Schmidt, J. Eichler, J. Odarjuk, E. Krause, M. Beyermann, and M. Bienert. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 3:441, 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  493. T.G.M. Schmidt, J. Koepke, R. Frank, and A. Skerra. J. Mol. Biol., 255:1996.

    Google Scholar 

  494. J. Schneider-Mergener, A. Kramer, and U. Reineke. In R. Cortese (ed.), Combinatorial Libraries—Synthesis, Screening and Application Potential, Walter de Gruyter, Berlin, New York, p. 53, 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  495. R. Schnepf, P. Hörth, E. Bill, K. Wieghardt, P. Hildebrandt, and W. Haehnel, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 123:2186, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  496. M. Schnölzer and S.B.H. Kent. Science, 256:221, 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  497. M. Schreiber, C.Wachsmuth, H.Müller, S. Odemuyiwa, H. Schmitz, S. Meyer, B. Meyer, and J. Schneider-Mergener. J. Virol., 71:9198, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  498. A.B. Schroeijers, A.C. Sira, G.L. Scheffer, M.C. de Jong, S.C.E. Bolick, D.F. Dukers, J.W. Slootstra, R.H. Mcloen, E. Wiemer, V.A. Kickhoefer, L.H. Rome, and R.J. Scheper. Cancer Res., 60:1104, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  499. A. Schubert, K. Zakikhany, M. Schreiner, R. Frank, B. Spellerberg, B.J. Eikmanns, and D.J. Reinscheid. Mol. Microbiol., 2:557, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  500. A. Schultz, V. Hoffacker, A. Wilisch, W. Nix, R. Gold, B. Schalke, S. Tzartos, H.K. Müller-Hermelink, and A. Marx. Ann. Neurol., 46:167, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  501. J. Schultz, U. Hoffmüller, G. Krause, J. Ashurst, M.J. Macias, P. Schmieder, J. Schneider-Mergener, and H. Oschkinat. Nat. Struct. Biol., 5:19, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  502. M. Schuerenberg, C. Luebbert, H. Eickhoff, M. Kalkum, H. Lehrach, and E. Nordhoff. Anal. Chem., 72:3436, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  503. M. Schutkowski, U. Reimer, S. Panse, L. Dong, J.M. Lizcano, D.R. Alessi, and J. Schneider-Mergener. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl., 43:2671, 2004.

    Google Scholar 

  504. J.K. Scott and G.P. Smith. Science, 249:386, 1990.

    Google Scholar 

  505. J. Seemann, K. Weber, and V. Gerke. Biochem. J., 319:123, 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  506. S. Selak, M. Mahler, K. Miyachi, M.L. Fritzler, and M.J. Fritzler. Clin. Immunol., 109:154, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  507. R.R. Shah, D. Merreceyes, M. Husemann, I. Rees, N.L. Abbott, C.J. Hawker, and J.L. Hedrick. Macromolecules, 33:597, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  508. J. Shieh, C. To, J. Carramao, N. Nishimura, Y. Maruta, Y. Hashimoto, D. Wright, H.C. Wu, and A. Azarani. BioTechniques, 32:1360, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  509. T.W. Shield, D.B. Bogy, and F.E. Talke. IBM J. Res. Dev., 31:96, 1987.

    Google Scholar 

  510. D.S. Shin, K.N. Lee, K.H. Jang, J.K. Kim, W.J. Chung, Y.K. Kim, and Y.S. Lee. Biosens. Bioelectron., 19:485, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  511. W.G. Shreffler, K. Beyer, T. Chu, L. Ellman, S. Stanley, G.A. Bannon, W. Burks, and H.A. Sampson. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol., 109:876, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  512. S.K. Sia and G.M. Whitesides. Electrophoresis, 24:3563, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  513. F.-Z. Sidouni, N. Nurdin, P. Chabrecek, D. Lohmann, J. Vogt, N. Xanthopoulos, H.J. Mathieu, P. Francios, P. Vaudaux, and P. Descouts. Surface Science, 481:355, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  514. S. Singh-Gasson, R.D. Green,Y.Yue, C. Nelson, F. Blattner, M.R. Sussman, and F. Cerrina. Nat. Biotechnol., 17:974, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  515. H. Siray, C. Frömmel, T. Voronkova, S. Hahn, W. Arnold, J. Schneider-Mergener, S. Scherneck, and R. Ulrich. Viral Immunol., 13:533, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  516. J.W. Slootstra, W.C. Puijk, G.J. Ligtvoet, J.P.M. Langeveld, and R.H. Meloen. Mol. Divers., 1:87, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  517. J.W. Slootstra, W.C. Puijk, G.J. Ligtvoet, D. Kuperus, W.M.M. Schaaper, and R.H. Meloen. J. Mol. Recognit., 10:217, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  518. J.W. Slootstra and W.C. Puijk, patent, WO 0029851, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  519. J.C. Smith, K.B. Lee, Q.Wang, M.G. Finn, J.E. Johnson, M. Mrksich, and C.A. Mirkin. Nano Lett., 3:883, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  520. I. Solassol, C. Granier, and A. Pèlegrin. Tumor Biol., 22:184, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  521. E.M. Southern, U. Maskos, and J.K. Elder. Genomics, 13:1008, 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  522. E.M. Southern, S.C. Case-Green, J.K. Elder, M., Johnson, K.U. Mir, L. Wang, and J.C. Williams. Nucl. Acid Res., 22:1368, 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  523. E.M. Southern, K. Mir, and M. Shchepinov. Nature Genet. Suppl., 21:5, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  524. T. Stan, J. Brix, J. Schneider-Mergener, N. Pfanner, W. Neupert, and D. Rapaport. Mol. Cell. Biol., 23:2239, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  525. G.C.M. Steffens, L. Nothdurft, G. Buse, H. Thissen, H. Hocker, and D. Klee. Biomaterials, 23:3523, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  526. T.H. Steinberg, B.J. Agnew, K.R. Gee, W.Y. Leong, T. Goodman, B. Schulenberg, J. Hendrickson, J.M. Beechem, R.P. Hougland, and W.F. Patton. Proteomics, 3:270, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  527. M.J. Stevens. Langmuir, 15:2773, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  528. R.-D. Stigler, F. Rüker, D. Katinger, G. Elliott, W. Höhne, P. Henklein, J.X. Ho, K. Keeling, D.C. Carter, E. Nugel, A. Kramer, T. Porstmann, and J. Schneider-Mergener. Protein Eng., 8:471, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  529. R.-D. Stigler, B. Hoffmann, R. Abagyan, and J. Schneider-Mergener. Structure, 7:663, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  530. M.L. Stolowitz, C. Ahlem, K.A. Hughes, R.J. Kaiser, E.A. Kesicki, G. Li, K.P. Lund, S.M. Torkelson, and J.P. Wiley. Bioconjugate Chem., 12:229, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  531. K. Strutzberg, L. von Olleschik, B. Franz, C. Pyne, M.A. Schmidt, and G.-F. Gerlach. Infect. Immun., 63:3846, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  532. J. Su and M. Mrksich. Angew. Chem., 114:4909, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  533. J. Su and M. Mrksich. Langmuir, 19:4867, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  534. Z. Szallasi, M.F. Denning, E.-Y. Chang, J. Rivera, S.H. Yuspa, C. Lehel, Z. Ohla, W.B. Anderson, and P.M. Blumberg. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 214:888, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  535. M. Takahashi, A. Ueno, and H. Mihara. Chem. Eur. J., 6:3196, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  536. A.C. Tam and W.D. Gill. Appl. Opt., 21:1891, 1982.

    Google Scholar 

  537. J.P. Tam, Y.-A. Lu, C.-F. Liu, and J. Shao. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 92:12485, 1995a.

    Google Scholar 

  538. J.P. Tam, C. Rao, C.-F. Liu, and J. Shao. Int. J. Pept. Protein Res., 45:209, 1995b.

    Google Scholar 

  539. W. Tegge, R. Frank, F. Hofmann, and W.R.G. Dostmann. Biochemistry, 34:10569, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  540. W. Tegge and R. Frank. In S. Cabilly (ed.), Methods in Molecular Biology. Humana Press Inc., Totowa, NJ, p. 99, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  541. T.P. Theriault, S.C. Winder, and R.C. Gamble. In M. Schena (eds.), DNAMicroarrays:APractical Approach. Oxford University Press, New York, p. 101, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  542. G. Thinakaran, D.R. Borchelt, M.K. Lee, H.H. Slunt, L. Spitzer, G. Kim, T. Ratovitsky, F. Davenport, C. Nordstedt, M. Seeger, J. Hardy, A.I. Levey, S.E. Gandy, N.A. Jenkins, N.G. Copeland, D.L. Price, and S.S. Sisodia. Neuron, 17:181, 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  543. P.A. Tilbrook, G.A. Palmer, T. Bittorf, D.J. McCarthy, M.J. Wright, M.K. Sarna, D. Linnekin, V.S. Cull, J.H. Williams, E. Ingley, J. Schneider-Mergener, G. Krystal, and S. P. Klinken. Cancer Res., 61:2453, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  544. L.O. Tjernberg, J. Näslund, F. Lindqvist, J. Johansson, A.R. Karlström, J. Thyberg, L. Terenius, and C. Nordstedt. J. Biol. Chem., 271:8545, 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  545. L.O. Tjernberg, C. Lilliehöök, D.J.E. Callaway, J. Näslund, S. Hahne, J. Thyberg, L. Terenius, and C. Nordstedt. J. Biol. Chem., 272: 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  546. F. Toepert, T. Kaute, S. Guffler, and J. Schneider-Mergener. In M. Lebl and R.A. Houghten (eds.), Peptides: Proceedings of the Second International and the Seventeenth American Peptide Symposium. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, p. 212, 2001a.

    Google Scholar 

  547. F. Toepert, J. R. Pires, C. Landgraf, H. Oschkinat, and J. Schneider-Mergener. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 40:897, 2001b.

    Google Scholar 

  548. F. Toepert, T. Knaute, S. Guffler, J.R. Pirés, T. Matzdorf, H. Oschkinat, and J. Schneider-Mergener. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 42:1136, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  549. R. Toomik, M. Edlund, P. Ek, B. öbrink, and L. Engström. Peptide Research, 9:6, 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  550. R. Toomik and P. Ek. Biochem. J., 322:455, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  551. F. Torreilles, F. Roquet, C. Granier, B. Pau, and C. Mourton-Gilles. Mol. Brain Res., 78:181, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  552. I. Torréns, O. Reyes, A.G. Ojalvo, A. Seralena, G. Chinea, L.J. Cruz, and J. dela Fuente. Biochem. Bioph. Res. Com., 259:162, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  553. V.V. Tsukruk, I. Luzinov, and D. Julthongpiput. Langmuir, 15:3029, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  554. P. Tunbäck, J.-å. Liljeqvist, G.-B. Löwhagen, and T. Bergström. J. Gen. Virol., 81:1033, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  555. B.E. Turk and L.C. Cantley. Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol., 7:84, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  556. T.P. Ugarova, V.K. Lishko, N.P. Podolnikova, N. Okumura, S.M. Merkulov, V.P. Yakubenko, V.C. Yee, S.T. Lord, and T.A. Haas. Biochemistry, 42:9365, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  557. M. Ulbricht, K. Richau, and H. Kamusewitz. Colloids & Surfaces A—Physicochem. Eng. Aspects, 138:353, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  558. M. Uttamchandani, E.W.S. Chan, G.Y.J. Chen, and S.Q. Yao. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 13:2997, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  559. M. Valle, L. Kremer, C. Martínez-A., F. Roncal, J.M. Valpuesta, J.P. Albar, and J.L. Carrascosa. J. Mol. Biol., 288:899, 1999a.

    Google Scholar 

  560. M. Valle, N. Muñoz, L. Kremer, J.M. Valpuesta, C. Martínez-A., J.L. Carrascosa, and J.P. Albar. Protein Sci., 8:883, 1999b.

    Google Scholar 

  561. P.J. van der Veen, L.F.A. Wessels, J.W. Slootstra, R.H. Meloen, M.J.T. Reinders, and J. Hellendoorn. In O. Gascuel and B.M.E. Moret (eds.), Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Workshop on Algorithms in Bioinformatics (WABI 2001). Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, p. 264, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  562. M.H.V. van Regenmortel. In C.J. VanOss and M.H.V. Regenmortel (eds.), Immunochemistry. Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York, p. 277, 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  563. K. Vandenbroeck, I. Alloza, D. Brehmer, A. Billiau, P. Proost, N. MsFerran, S. Rüdiger, and B. Walker. J. Biol. Chem., 277:25668, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  564. A. Vasilijev, U. Ahting, F.E. Nargang, N.E. Go, S.J. Habib, C. Kozany, V. Panneels, I. Sinning, H. Prokisch, W. Neupert, S. Nussberger, and D. Rapaport. Mol. Cell. Biol. In press Epub ahead of print Dec 10 (2003).

    Google Scholar 

  565. A.V. Vasilikov, E.N. Timofeev, S.A. Surzhikov, A.L. Drobyshev, V.V. Shick, and A.D. Mirzabekov. Biotechniques, 27:592, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  566. L. Vila, K. Beyer, K.-M. Jaärvinen, P. Chatchatee, L. Bardina, and H.A. Sampson. Clin. Exp. Allergy, 31:1599, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  567. S. Villard, D. Piquer, S. Raut, J.-P. Léonetti, J.-M. Saint-Remy, and C. Granier. J. Biol. Chem., 277:27232, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  568. S. Villard, S. Lacroix-Desmazes, T. Kieber-Emmons, D. Piquer, S. Grailly, A. Benhida, S.V. Kaveri, J.M. Saint-Remy, and C. Granier. Blood, 102:949, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  569. U. Vogel, A. Weinberger, R. Frank, A. Müller, J. Köhl, J.P. Atkinson, and M. Frosch. Infect. Immun., 65:4022, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  570. J. Voigt, I. Liebich, M. Kie\, and R. Frank. Eur. J. Biochem., 268:6449, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  571. S. Volinia, F. Francioso, L. Venturoli, L. Tosi, M. Marastoni, P. Carinci, M. Carella, P. Stanziale, and R. Evangelisti. Minerva Biotec., 13:281, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  572. R. Volkmer-Engert, B. Ehrhard, J. Hellwig, A. Kramer, W. Höhne, and J. Schneider-Mergener. Lett. Pept. Sci., 1:243, 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  573. R. Volkmer-Engert, B. Hoffmann, and J. Schneider-Mergener. Tetrahedron Lett., 38:1029, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  574. M. vonBergen, P. Friedhoff, J. Biernat, J. Heberle, E.-M. Mandelkow, and E. Mandelkow. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 97:5129, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  575. L. vonOlleschik-Elbheim, A. el Bayâ, and M.A. Schmidt. J. Immunol. Methods, 197:181, 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  576. L. vonOlleschik-Elbheim, A.el Bayâ, and M.A. Schmidt. In Haag and Koch-Nolte (ed.), ADP-Ribosylation in Animal Tissue. Plenum Press, New York, p. 87, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  577. K. Wadu-Mesthrige, S. Xu, N.A. Amro, and G.-Y. Liu. Langmuir, 15:8580, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  578. Z. Wang and R.A. Laursen. Peptide Res., 5:275, 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  579. Z. Wang, W.P. Carney, and R.A. Laursen. J. Peptide Res., 50:483, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  580. X.F. Wang, K.S. Ryu, D.A. Bullen, J. Zou, H. Zhang, C.A. Mirkin, and C. Liu. Langmuir, 19:8951, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  581. G.J. Wegner, H.J. Lee, and R.M. Corn. Anal. Chem., 74:5161, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  582. O. Weiergräber, J. Schneider-Mergener, J. Grötzinger, A. Wollmer, A. Küster, M. Exner, and P.C. Heinrich. FEBS Lett., 379:122, 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  583. J. Weiler, H. Gausepohl, N. Hauser, O.N. Jensen, and J.D. Hoheisel. Nucleic Acids Res., 25:2792, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  584. S.R. Weinberger, T.S. Morris, and M. Pawlak. Pharmacogenomics, 1:395, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  585. S.R. Weinberger, E.A. Dalmasso, and E.T. Fung. Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol., 6:86, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  586. V. Weinrich, P. Sondermann, N. Bewarder, K. Wissel, and J. Frey. Hybridoma, 15:109, 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  587. K. Welfle, R. Misselwitz, R. Sabat, H.-D. Volk, J. Schneider-Mergener, U. Reineke, and H. Welfle. J. Mol. Recognit., 14:89, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  588. M. Welschof, U. Reineke, C. Kleist, S. Kipriyanov, M. Little, R. Volkmer-Engert, J. Schneider-Mergener, G. Opelz, and P. Terness. Hum. Immunol., 60:282, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  589. H. Wenschuh, B. Hoffmann, S. Schaller, L. Germeroth, J. Schneider-Mergener, and R. Volkmer-Engert. In S. Bajusz and F. Hudecz (eds.), Peptides 1998: Proceedings of the Twenty-Fifth European Peptide Symposium. Akademiai Kiado, Budapest, p. 772, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  590. H. Wenschuh, M. Schmidt, L. Germeroth, U. Reineke, D. Scharn, N. Heine, G. Hummel, L. Jobron, J. Schneider-Mergener, H. Matuschewski, M. Ulbricht, U. Schedler, and M. Schulz. In R. Epton (ed.), Innovation and Perspectives in Solid Phase Synthesis and Combinatorial Libraries. Mayflower Worldwide Ltd., Birmingham, p. 383, 2000a.

    Google Scholar 

  591. H.Wenschuh, H. Gausepohl, L. Germeroth, M. Ulbricht, H. Matuschewski, A. Kramer, R. Volkmer-Engert, N. Heine, T. Ast, D. Scharn, and J. Schneider-Mergener. In H. Fenniri (ed.), Combinatorial Chemistry: A Practical Approach. Oxford University Press, Oxford, p. 95, 2000b.

    Google Scholar 

  592. H.Wenschuh, R.Volkmer-Engert, M. Schmidt, M. Schulz, J. Schneider-Mergener, and U. Reineke. Biopolymers (Peptide Science) 55:188, 2000c.

    Google Scholar 

  593. M.B. Wilson, and P.K. Nakane. In W. Knapp, K. Holubar, and G. Wick (eds.), Immunofluorescence Related Staining Techniques. Elsevier, Amsterdam, p. 215, 1978.

    Google Scholar 

  594. K. Winkler, H. Scharnagl, U. Tisljar, H. Hoschützky, I. Friedrich, M.M. Hoffmann, M. Hüttinger, H. Wieland, and W. März. J. Lipid Res., 40:447, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  595. K. Winkler, A. Kramer, G. Küttner, M. Seifert, C. Scholz, H. Wessner, J. Schneider-Mergener, and W. Höhne. J. Immunol., 165:4505, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  596. N. Winssinger, J.L. Harris, B.J. Backes, and P.G. Schultz. Angew. Chem., 113:3254, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  597. N. Winssinger, S. Ficarro, P.G. Schultz, and J.L. Harris. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 99:11139, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  598. G. Wittstock, R. Hesse, and W. Schumann. Electroanalysis, 9:746, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  599. B.Wu, G. Toussaint, L.Vander Elst, C. Granier, M.G. Jacquemin, and J.-M.R. Saint-Remy. Eur. J. Immunol., 30:291, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  600. Y.N. Xia and G.M. Whitesides. Langmuir, 13:2059, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  601. Y.N. Xia and G.M. Whitesides. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl., 37:550, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  602. Y.N. Xia, J.A. Rogers, K.E. Paul, and G.M. Whitesides. Chem. Rev., 99:1823, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  603. S. Xiao, M. Textor, and N.D. Spencer. Langmuir, 14:5507, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  604. M. Yan and M.A. Bartlett. Nano Lett., 2:275, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  605. Z. Yang, W. Frey, T. Oliver, and A. Chilkoti. Langmuir, 16:1751, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  606. S.Y. Yang and M.F. Rubner. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 124: 2100, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  607. M.N. Yousaf, E.W.L. Chan, and M. Mrksich. Angew. Chem., 112:2019, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  608. M.N. Yousaf, B.T. Houseman, and M. Mrksich. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl., 40:1093, 2001a.

    Google Scholar 

  609. M.N. Yousaf, B.T. Housman, and M. Mrksich. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 98:5992, 2001b.

    Google Scholar 

  610. A. Yu, E.I. Dementieva, A.A. Stomakhin, E.L. Dari, S.V. Pankov, V.E. Barsky, S.M. Ivanov, E.V. Konovalova, and A.D. Mirzabekov. BioTechniques, 34:1008, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  611. S. Zampieri, M. Mahler, M. Blüthner, Z. Qiu, K. Malmegrim, A. Ghirardello, A. Doria, W.J. vanVenrooij, and J.M.H. Raats. Cell. Mol. Life Sci., 60:588, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  612. N. Zander and H. Gausepohl. In J. Koch and M. Mahler (eds.), Peptide Arrays on Membrane Supports—Synthesis and Applications. Springer Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, p. 23, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  613. X.-M. Zhao, Y.N. Xia, and G.M. Whitesides. J. Mat. Sci., 7:1069, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  614. H. Zhu and M. Snyder. Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol., 5:40, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  615. H. Zhu and M. Snyder. Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol., 7:55, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  616. Q. Zhu, M. Uttamchandani, D. Li, M.L. Lesaicherre, and S.Q. Yao. Org. Lett., 5:1257, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  617. J. Zimmermann, R. Kühne, R. Volkmer-Engert, T. Jarchau, U. Walter, H. Oschkinat, and L.J. Ball. J. Biol. Chem., 278:36810, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2006 Springer Science + Business Media, LLC

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Reineke, U., Schneider-Mergener, J., Schutkowski, M. (2006). Peptide Arrays in Proteomics and Drug Discovery. In: Ferrari, M., Ozkan, M., Heller, M.J. (eds) BioMEMS and Biomedical Nanotechnology. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-25843-0_7

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-25843-0_7

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-387-25564-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-0-387-25843-0

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics