Abstract
First hypothesized by Crick in 1958 [1], the central of dogma of biology states that DNA begets messengerRNA, which is then translated into protein. The ability to monitor this gene expression process and measure quantitatively the expression levels of mRNA can provide tremendous insight into normal and diseased states of living cells, tissues and animals, and clues to maintaining health and curing diseases. The first demonstration of mRNA being complementary to a gene and responsible for protein translation [2] was made by Hall and Spiegelman using a nucleic acid hybridization assay in which the reconstitution of the double-strandedDNAstructure occurs only between perfect, or near-perfect complementary DNA strands, leading to a method of detecting complementary nucleotide sequences. In many ways this method is the precursor to both polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and other modern hybridization assays.
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Santangelo, P., Nitin, N., LaConte, L., Bao, G. (2006). Hairpin Nanoprobes for Gene Detection. In: Ferrari, M., Ozkan, M., Heller, M.J. (eds) BioMEMS and Biomedical Nanotechnology. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-25843-0_12
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