Skip to main content

Part of the book series: Ecological Studies ((ECOLSTUD,volume 138))

Abstract

This chapter reports on a study to estimate carbon emissions from fires in the Russian boreal forest (excluding postfire forest regeneration). These emissions result from the effects of fire on the dynamics of the primary carbon pools of terrestrial ecosystems: phytomass, coarse woody debris, and soils. Fire-related carbon flux is divided into two parts: direct fire emissions and postfire emissions. Direct fire emission is the carbon released from biomass burning during the year in which the fire occurred. Postfire emissions are the result of both unburned residuals of forest combustibles (FC), postfire dieback (mortality), and changes in soil organic matter. Due to the significant interseasonal variation of the extent of fire and hence carbon emissions, the results are presented as the annual average for the period 1988–1992.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Academy of Sciences of the USSR. 1983. Role of Litter in Forest Biogeocenosis. Short reports of the All-Union Meeting. Nauka, Moscow. (in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Alexandrova, V.D. 1971. Experiences from estimating above- and below-ground phytomass in the polar desert of Franz-Jozef Land, pp. 33–37 in Biological Productivity and Turnover of Chemical Elements in Vegetational Communities. Nauka, Leningrad. (in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Alexeyev, V.A., and R.A. Birdsey, eds. 1998. Carbon Storage in Forests and Peatlands of Russia. General Technical Report NE-244. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station, Radnor, PA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bazilevich, N.I. 1993a. Biological Productivity of Ecosystems of the Northern Eurasia. Nauka, Moscow. (in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Bazilevich, N.I. 1993b. Geographical productivity of soil-vegetational formations in northern Eurasia. Soil Sci. 10:10–18. (in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Bogatirev, L.G., and A.D. Fless. 1983. Litter’s structure and classification in the northern taiga forest biogeocenoses, pp. 22–23 in Role of Litter in Forest Biogeocenoses. Nauka, Moscow. (in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Cahoon, D.R., Jr., B.J. Stocks, J.S. Levine, W.R. Cofer III, and J.M. Pierson. 1994. Satellite analysis of the severe 1987 forest fires in northern China and southeastern Siberia. J. Geovhvs. Res. 99:18,627–18,638.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chagina, E.G. 1970. Carbon balance under litter’s decomposition in cedar forests of West Sajan Mountains, pp. 246–252 in A.B. Shukov, ed. Problems of Forestry, Vol. 1. Institute of Forest and Timber, Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, Russia. (in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Dichenkov, N.A. 1993. Ways to Increase the Effectiveness of Forest Fire Risk Evaluation. Institute of Forests, Belarus Academy of Sciences, Gomel, Belarus. (in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Dixon, R.K., and O.N. Krankina. 1993. Forest fires in Russia: carbon dioxide emission to the atmosphere. Can. J. For. Res. 23:700–705.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dukarev, V.N. 1989. Investigations on biological productivity of the coniferous forests of Sikhote-Alin, pp. 9–10 in Results of Investigations of Forests in the Far East and Tasks for Intensified Multipurpose Forest Utilization. Far Eastern Forestry Research Institute, Khabarovsk, Russia. (in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Dyrness, C.T., K. Van Cleve, and J.D. Leviston. 1989. The effect of wildfire on soil chemistry in four forest types in interior Alaska. Can. J. For. Res. 19:1389–1396.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Filippov, A.V. 1968. Some pyrological properties of forest combustibles, pp. 351–358 in Problems of Burning and Extinguishing. All-Union Research Institute for Fire Protection, Moscow. (in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Firsova, V.P. 1960. Influence of forest fires on soils. Pap. Inst. Biol. Ural Fil., Acad. Sci. USSR 16:41–52. (in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • FSFMR. 1995. Forest Fund of Russia (state by January 1, 1993). Federal Service of Forest Management of Russia, Moscow, Russia. (in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Furyaev, V.V. 1970. Impact of fires and insect infestations on formation of forests between rivers Ket and Culim, pp. 408–421 in A.B. Shukov, ed. Problems of Forestry, Vol. 1. Institute of Forest and Timber, Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, Russia. (in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Furyaev, V.V. 1996. Role of Fires in the Forest Regeneration Process. Nauka, Novosibirsk, Russia. (in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Gabeev, V.N. 1990. Ecology and Productivity of Pine Forests. Nauka, Novosibirsk, Russia. (in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Glasov, M.V. 1989. Bioproductivity and pecularities of biological turnover in spruce forest ecosystems, pp. 52–53 in Ecology of Forests in the North. Short reports of the All Union Meeting, October 2–7, 1989, at Siktivkar, Russia. Nauka, Moscow. (in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Goskomles SSSR (before 1988, Gosleshoz) (Forest Fund of the USSR). 1968 (status as of January 1, 1966, p. 744); 1976 (status as ofJanuary 1, 1973, vol. 1, vol. 2, p. 561, vol. 3, p. 800); 1982 (status as of January 1, 1978, vol. 1, p. 601, vol. 2, p. 683); 1986 (status as ofJanuary 1, 1983, vol. 1, p. 891, vol. 2, p. 973); 1990 (status as ofJanuary 1, 1988, vol. 1, p. 1005); 1991, vol. 2, p. 1021. USSR State Committee of Forests, Moscow. (in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Grishin, A.M. 1992. Mathematical Modeling of Forest Fires and New Methods for Fighting Them. Nauka, Novosibirsk, Russia. (in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Isaev, A., G. Korovin, D. Zamolodchikov, A. Utkin, and A. Pryashnikov. 1995. Carbon stock and deposition in phytomass of the Russian forests. Water Air Soil Pollut. 82:247–256.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ivanova, G.A. 1978. Impact of herbs on the speed of on-ground fires, pp. 145–147 in N.P. Kurbatsky, ed. Burning and Fire in Forests. Institute of Forest and Timber, Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, Russia. (in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Ivshin, A.D. 1993. Influence of Air Pollutants from the Norilsk Metallurgical Enterprise on the State of Spruce-Larch Stands. Institute of Ecology of Plants and Animals, Ekaterinburg, Russia. (in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, D.W. 1992. Effects of forest management on soil carbon storage. Water Air Soil Pollut. 64:83–120.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kasesalu, C.P. 1972. Interaction Between Forest Vegetation and Soil in Dry Pine Stands of Estonia. Tartu State University, Tartu, Estonia. (in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Kasischke, E.S., N.H.F. French, L.L. Bourgeau-Chavez, and N.L. Christensen, Jr. 1995. Estimating release of carbon from 1990 and 1991 forest fires in Alaska. J. Geophys. Res. 100:2941–2951.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kazimirov, N.I., A.D. Volkov, S.S. Zjabchenko, A.A. Ivanchikov, and R.M. Morozova. 1977. Exchange of Matter and Energy in Pine Forests of European North. Nauka, Leningrad. (in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Kendall, M.J., and A. Stuart 1966. Theory of Probability Distribution. Nauka, Moscow. (in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Kobak, K.I. 1988. Biotic Compounds of the Carbon Cycle. Hydrometeoizdat Press, Leningrad. (in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Kolchugina, T.P., and T.S. Vinson. 1993. Comparative analysis of carbon budget components for forest biomes in the Former Soviet Union. Water Air Soil Pollut. 70:207–227.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kolchugina, T.P., and T.S. Vinson. 1995. Role of Russian forests in the global carbon balance. Ambio 24:258–264.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kozlov, A.G. 1973. Estimation of above-ground phytomass and amount of forest combustibles of undergrowth of coniferous species in broadleaved-coniferous forests of the Far East, pp. 234–241 in A.S. Ageenko, ed. Increased Productivity of Far Eastern Forests, Vol. 13. Far Eastern Forestry Research Institute, Khabarovsk, Russia. (in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Krankina, O.N., and M.E. Harmon. 1995. Dynamics of the dead wood carbon pool in northwestern Russian boreal forests. Water Air Soil Pollut. 82:227–238

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kurbatsky, N.P. 1970. Classification of forest fires, pp. 384–407 in A.B. Shukov, ed. Problems of Forestry, Vol. 1. Institute of Forest and Timber, Russian Academy of Science, Krasnoyarsk, Russia. (in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Kurnaev, S.F. 1973. Forest Growth Division of the USSR. Nauka, Moscow. (in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Kurz, W.A., M.J. Apps, T.M. Webb, and J.P. McNamee. 1992. The Carbon Budget of the Canadian Forest Sector: Phase I. Internal Report NOR-X-32y. Forestry Canada, Northwest Region, Northern Forestry Centre, Edmonton, BC, Canada.

    Google Scholar 

  • Peshkov, V.V. 1991. Impact of cleaning of clear cut areas on fire danger and intensity in northern forest of Amur oblast, pp. 89–96 in D.F. Efremov, ed. Scientific Backgrounds of Forestry in Far East, Issue 33. Far Eastern Forestry Research Institute, Khabarovsk, Russia (in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Pjavchenko, N.I. 1952. Reasons for paludification of pine burns. Forestry 12:56–64. (in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Popova, E.D. 1978. Duration of pyrogenic influence on the properties of forest soils, pp. 185–186 in Burning and Fires in Forests. Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, Russia. (in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Rojkov, V., V. Vagner, S. Nilsson, and A. Shvidenko. 1997. Carbon of Russian wetlands, pp. 112–113 in Fifth International Carbon Dioxide Conference. Cairns, Queensland, Australia, September 8–12, 1997. Extended Abstracts. CSIRO Division of Atmospheric Research, Aspendale, Australia.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rusanova, G.V., and A.V. Sloboda. 1974. Biological productivity of pine stand with lichens in middle taiga of Komi Republik. Bot. J. 59:1827–1838. (in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Sabo, E.D., Yu.N. Ivanov, and D.A. Shatilo. 1981. Reference Book of Hydro-Amelioration. Forest Industry, Moscow. (in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Sands, R. 1983. Physical changes to sandy soils planted by Pinus radiata, pp. 146–152 in R. Ballard and S.P. Gessel, eds. IUFRO Symposium on Forest Site and Continuous Productivity. Report GTR PNW-163. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Washington, D.C.

    Google Scholar 

  • Saposhnikov, A.P. 1978. Role of fire in forest soil formation, Ecology 1:43–46. (in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Saposhnikov, A.P., and A.F. Kostenkova. 1984. Influence of forest fire on litter in cedar forests of the southern Sikhote-Alin and peculiarities by the regeneration, pp. 139–146 in Dynamic Processes in Forests of the Far East. Far Eastern Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, Russia. (in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Saposhnikov, A.P., G.A. Selivanova, and T.M. Iljna. 1993. Soil Generation and Peculiarities of Turnover in Mountain Forests of Southern Sikhote-Alin. Far Eastern Forestry Research Institute, Khabarovsk, Russia. (in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Seiler, W., and P.J. Crutzen. 1980. Estimates of gross and net fluxes of carbon between the biosphere and atmosphere. Clim. Change 2:207–247.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Semetchkina, M.G. 1977. Structure of Minnsinsk pine forests with regard to phytomass components, pp. 76–90 in Inventory Investigations of Siberian Forests. Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, Russia. (in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Shepashenko, D., A. Shvidenko, and S. Nilsson. 1998. Phytomass and carbon of Siberian forests. Biomass Bioenergy 14:21–32.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sheshukov, M.A. 1978. Impact of fires on development of taiga biogeocenoses, pp. 166–167 in N.P. Kurbatsky, ed. Burning and Fire in Forests. Institute of Forests and Timber, Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, Russia. (in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Shvidenko, A., and S. Nilsson. In press. Phytomass, increment, mortality and carbon budget of Russian forests. Clim. Change.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shvidenko, A., S. Nilsson, V. Roshkov, and V. Strakhov. 1996. Carbon budget of the Russian boreal forests: a systems approach to uncertainty, pp. 145–162 in M. Apps and D. Price, eds. Forest Ecosystems, Forest Management and the Global Carbon Cycle, NATO ASI Series, Series I, Vol. 40, Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, Germany.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • SNKh SSSR. 1962. Forest Fund of the USSR. Council of the National Economy, Moscow. (in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Snytko, V.A. 1973. Geochemical research on topogeosystems, pp. 3–10 in Topological Aspects of Behavior of Matter in Geosystems. Institute of Geography, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Irkutsk, Russia. (in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Sofronov, M.A. 1967. Forest Fires in the Mountains of Southern Siberia. Nauka, Moscow. (in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Stepanov, N.N. 1925. Physical and chemical peculiarities of forest burns, pp. 85–95 in Reports on Forest Experimental Activities, Vol. 2. Forest Management and Forest Industry, Leningrad. (in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Stocks, B.J. 1991. The extent and impact of forest fires in northern circumpolar countries, pp. 197–202 in J.S. Levine, ed. Global Biomass Burning: Atmospheric, Climatic, and Biospheric Implications. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Storoshenko, V.G. 1990. Some criteria on stability of forest ecosystems, pp. 298–299 in Problems of Stability of Biological Systems. Short reports of the All-Union School, October 15–20, 1990. Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow. (in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Telizin, G.P. 1973. Elementary composition of forest combustibles in the Far East, pp. 351–358 in Utilization and Regeneration of Forest Resources in the Far East. Reports of the Far Eastern Forestry Research Institute 15. Far Eastern Forestry Research Institute, Khabarovsk, Russia. (in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Usenja, V.V. 1997. Investigation of the amount of forest combustibles of different groups in pine stands, pp. 124–127 in V.F. Baginsky, ed. Problems of Forest Science and Forestry. Institute of Forests, Belarus National Academy of Sciences, Gomel, Russia. (in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Usoltsev, V.A. 1988. Tables of measurements of forest combustibles under crown fires, pp. 148–155 in Forest Inventory and Forest Management. Lithuanian Agricultural Academy, Kaunas, Lithuania. (in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Usoltsev, V.A., A.A. Makarenko, and A.S. Atkin. 1979. Regularities of aboveground phytomass formation in northern Kazakhstan. For. Sci. 5:5–12. (in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Valendik, E.N., and N.F. Gavel. 1975. The share of different burned forest materials, pp. 127–137 in Problems of Forest Pyrology. Institute of Forests and Timber, Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, Russia. (in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Valendik, E.N., and R.V. Isakov. 1978. Intensity of forest fires, pp. 40–55 in Prediction of Forest Fires. Institute of Forests and Timber, Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, Russia. (in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Vasilenko, A.V. 1976. Role of fire in forestry, pp. 98–102 in V.G. Chertovsky, ed. Current Research in Forest Typology and Pyrology. Arkhangelsk Institute of Forests and Forest Chemistry, Arkhangelsk, Russia. (in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Vedrova, E.F. 1995. Carbon pools and fluxes of 25-year-old coniferous and deciduous stands in middle Siberia. Water Air Soil Pollut. 82:230–246.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vedrova, E.F., L.S. Shugalej, and I.N. Beskorovajnaja. 1989. Development and properties of litter in planted forest biogeocenoses, pp. 77–78 in D.F. Efremov, ed. Results of Studies of the Far Eastern Forests and Problems Connected with Intensified Multiple Forest Use. Far Eastern Forestry Research Institute, Khabarovsk, Russia. (in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Vilchek, G.E. 1987. Productivity of typical tundra in Taimir. Ecology 5:38–43. (in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Vonsky, S.M., V.A. Shdanko, and L.V. Tetjusheva. 1974. Impact of precipitation on change of humidity and burnability of forest green floor and litter, pp. 66–72 in Forest Fires and Technical Means of Fighting Them. Reports of the Leningrad Forestry Research Institute, Vol.19. Leningrad Forestry Research Institute, Leningrad. (in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhukovskaja, V.I. 1970. Moistening and drying up of hygroscopic forest combustibles, pp. 105–141 in Questions of Forest Pyrology. Institute of Forests and Timber, Siberian Division, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Krasnoyarsk, Russia. (in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Zuranov, V.P. 1973. Dynamics of dryness in spruce stands and specifics of forest regeneration in the north of Sikhote-Alin, pp. 241–244 in A.S. Ageenko, ed. Increase ofProductivity of Forests in the Far East. Reports of the Far Eastern Forestry Research Institute 13. Far Eastern Forestry Research Institute, Khabarovsk, Russia. (in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  • Zvetkov, P.A., and V.V. Ivanova. 1985. Amount of slush after utilization of aggregate harvest techniques, pp. 124–132 in N.P. Kurbatsky, ed. Forest Fires and Their Consequences. Institute of Forests and Timber, Krasnoyarsk, Russia. (in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2000 Springer-Verlag New York, Inc.

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Shvidenko, A.Z., Nilsson, S. (2000). Fire and the Carbon Budget of Russian Forests. In: Kasischke, E.S., Stocks, B.J. (eds) Fire, Climate Change, and Carbon Cycling in the Boreal Forest. Ecological Studies, vol 138. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-21629-4_16

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-21629-4_16

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4684-9532-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-0-387-21629-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics