Skip to main content

Surgical Treatment of Posterolateral Instability

  • Chapter
Book cover Posterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries

Abstract

Injury to the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) is thought to account for 3% to 20% of all knee ligament injuries.1 The true incidence of PCL injuries remains unknown because many isolated PCL injuries may go undetected.2,3 It is generally accepted that isolated ruptures of the PCL do not generally cause functional instability and are best managed by nonoperative treatment.4–7 When functional instability is present, the situation is usually not an isolated PCL injury, but a combined ligamentous injury frequently involving the posterolateral corner.8–11 Posterolateral instability of the knee in combination with PCL insufficiency is frequently the cause of functional instability, and management of this instability requires addressing not only the PCL injury, but the associated posterolateral corner injury.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 89.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 119.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Miyasaka KC, Daniel DM, Stone ML. The incidence of knee ligament injuries in the general population. Am J Knee Surg 1991;4:3–8.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Hughston JC, Bowden JA, Andrews JR, Norwood LA. Acute tears of the posterior cruciate ligament. Results of operative treatment. J Bone Joint Surg 1980;62A:438–450.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Dandy DJ, Pusey RJ. The long-term results of unrepaired tears of the posterior cruciate ligament. J Bone Joint Surg 1982;64B:92–94.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Fowler PJ, Messieh SS. Isolated posterior cruciate ligament injuries in athletes. Am J Sports Med 1987;15:553–557.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Parolie JM, Bergfeld JA. Long-term results of nonoperative treatment of isolated posterior cruciate ligament injuries in the athlete. Am J Sports Med 1986;14:35–38.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Satku K, Chew CN, Seow H. Posterior cruciate ligament injuries. Acta Orthop Scand 1984;55:26–29.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Torg JS, Barton TM, Pavlov H, Stine R. Natural history of the posterior cruciate ligament-deficient knee. Clin Orthop 1989;246:208–216.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Baker CL, Norwood LA, Hughston JC. Acute combined posterior cruciate and posterolateral instability of the knee. Am J Sports Med 1984;12:204–208.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. DeLee JC, Riley MB, Rockwood CA Jr. Acute posterolateral rotatory instability of the knee. Am J Sports Med 1983;11:199–207.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Fleming REJ, Blatz DJ, McCarroll JR. Posterior problems in the knee: posterior cruciate insufficiency and posterolateral rotatory insufficiency. Am J Sports Med 1981;9:107–113.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Hughston JC, Jacobson KE. Chronic posterolateral rotatory instability of the knee. J Bone Joint Surg 1985;67A:351–359.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Sidles JA, Larson RV, Garbini JL, Downey DL, Matsen FAI. Ligament length relationships in the moving knee. J Orthop Res 1988;6:593–610.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Ogata K, McCarthy JA. Measurement of length and tension patterns during reconstruction of the posterior cruciate ligament. Am J Sports Med 1992;20: 351–355.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Galloway MT, Grood ES, Mehalik JN, Levy M, Saddler M, Noyes FR. Posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: an in vitro study of femoral and tibial graft placement. Am J Sports Med 1996;24:415–426.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Cooley VJ, Larson RV, Harrington RM. Effect of lateral ligament reconstruction on intra-articular posterior cruciate ligament graft forces and knee motion. University of Washington Orthopaedic Research Report. 1996:37–41.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Grood ES, Hefzy MS, Lindenfeld TN. Factors affecting the region of most iso

    Google Scholar 

  17. metric femoral attachments. Am J Sports Med 1989;17:197–207. 17. Covey DC, Sapega AA, Sherman GM. Testing for isometry during reconstruction of the posterior cruciate ligament. Anatomic and biomechanical considerations. Am J Sports Med 1996;24:740–746.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Harner CD, Xerogeanes JW, Livesay GA, et al. The human posterior cruciate ligament complex: an interdisciplinary study. Am J Sports Med 1995;23:736–745.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Race A, Amis AA. PCL reconstruction. In vitro biomechanical comparison of “isometric” versus single and double-bundled “anatomic” grafts. J Bone Joint Surg 1998;80B:173–179.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Maynard MJ, Deng X, Wickiewicz TL, Warren RF. The popliteofibular ligament. Rediscovery of a key element in posterolateral stability. Am J Sports Med 1996;24:311–316.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Veltri DM, Warren RE Anatomy, biomechanics, and physical findings in posterolateral knee instability. Clin Sports Med 1994;13:599–614.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Veltri DM, Deng XH, Torzilli PA, Maynard MJ, Warren RE The role of the popliteofibular ligament in stability of the human knee. A biomechanical study. Am J Sports Med 1996;24:19–27.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Seebacher JR, Inglis AE, Marshall JL, Warren RE The structure of the posterolateral aspect of the knee. J Bone Joint Surg 1982;64A:536–541.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Wroble RR, Grood ES, Cummings JS, Henderson JM, Noyes FR. The role of the lateral extraarticular restraints in the anterior cruciate ligament-deficient knee. Am J Sports Med 1993;21:257–262.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Clancy WGJ. Repair and reconstruction of the posterior cruciate ligament. In: Chapman MW, ed. Operative Orthopedics, Vol 3. Philadelphia: JP Lippincott, 1988:1651–1655.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Mueller W. Die Rotationsinstabilitat am kniegelenk. Hefte Unfallhk 1990;125:51–68.

    Google Scholar 

  27. Larson RV, Sidles JA, Beals TC. Isometry of the lateral collateral and popliteofibular ligaments and a technique for reconstruction. University of Washington Orthopaedic Research Report. 1996:42–44.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2001 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Larson, R.V., Metcalf, M.H. (2001). Surgical Treatment of Posterolateral Instability. In: Fanelli, G.C. (eds) Posterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-21601-0_16

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-21601-0_16

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4757-6216-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-0-387-21601-0

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics