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Raman Impairments in WDM Systems

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Raman Amplifiers for Telecommunications 2

Part of the book series: Springer Series in Optical Sciences ((SSOS,volume 90/2))

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Abstract

In most chapters of this book, stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) is invoked intentionally. Pump radiation is coupled into the fiber carrying the signal radiation to generate Raman gain. The Raman gain can be used very advantageously, for example, to improve the optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) budget by distributed amplification in the transmission fiber. However, SRS also occurs unintentionally in WDM transmission systems. Due to the large number of channels inside the Raman gain bandwidth, total power can add up to levels where considerable amounts of SRS are generated, with the signal channels acting as pumps. In contrast to the beneficial effects of intentional Raman pumping, the unintended generation of SRS usually degrades system performance.

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Authors
  1. P. M. Krummrich
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan at Ann Arbor, 1110 EECS Building 1301 Beal Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2122

    Mohammed N. Islam

  2. Xtera Communications, Inc., 500 West Bethany Drive, Suite 100, Allen, TX, 75013, USA

    Mohammed N. Islam

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© 2004 Springer-Verlag New York, Inc.

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Krummrich, P.M. (2004). Raman Impairments in WDM Systems. In: Islam, M.N. (eds) Raman Amplifiers for Telecommunications 2. Springer Series in Optical Sciences, vol 90/2. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-21585-3_7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-21585-3_7

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-387-40656-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-0-387-21585-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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