Abstract
If the eleventh century was bad for Byzantium, by contrast for western Europe it inaugurated the period of the High Middle Ages, a period of three centuries of optimism and expansion. There were three reasons for this:
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Alcock, A. (1998). The High Middle Ages: The Power of the Papacy 1000–1300ad. In: A Short History of Europe. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-230-50093-8_6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-230-50093-8_6
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