Abstract
Apart from the uprisings of 1848–9, for forty years after Waterloo Europe had been at peace. But in the sixteen years from 1854 to 1870 five short wars would change the face of the continent and prepare it for the great wars of the twentieth century. Nationalism was the cause, and no states would be more profoundly affected than the two weakest states in the Great Power system, Austria and the Ottoman Empire.
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Notes
Taylor, A.J.P., The Struggle for the Mastery of Europe, 1848–1918 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1971) p. 61; Lee, 1789, p. 70.
Procacci, G., History of the Italian People (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1970) pp. 318–21.
Thomson, D., Europe since Napoleon (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1974) p. 309.
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With regard particularly to Britain see Bayly, G. (ed.), Atlas of the British Empire (London: Guild, 1989) p. 250.
Roberts, S.H., The History of French Colonial Policy 1870–1925 (London: Cass, 1963) pp. 18, 100–1.
Yacono, X., Histoire de la Colonisation Française (Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 1979) p. 62; Kuitenbrouwer, op.cit., p. 280; Bayly, op.cit., pp. 97, 131.
De Gobineau, A., Essay sur l’Inegalité des Races Humaines (1854) (Paris: Firmin-Didot, 1940) vol. 1, pp. 24, 214–23.
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Moorehead, A., The Russian Revolution (Glasgow: Collins-Hamish Hamilton, 1958) p. 49.
McSweeney, B., Roman Catholicism (Oxford: Blackwell, 1980) p. 78;
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Ibid., pp. 328–9; Liddell Hart, B., History of the First World War (London: Pan, 1970) p. 6.
Alcock, A.E., The History of the South Tyrol Question (London: Michael Joseph, 1970) p. 18.
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© 1998 Palgrave Macmillan, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited
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Alcock, A. (1998). The Uncertain Giant 1850–1914ad. In: A Short History of Europe. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-230-50093-8_12
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-230-50093-8_12
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