Skip to main content

Advances in Surgical Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation

  • Conference paper
Emerging Pathologies in Cardiology
  • 458 Accesses

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Nattel S (2002) New ideas about atrial fibrillation 50 years on. Nature 415:219–226

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Kannel WB, Abbott RD, Savage DD et al (1982) Epidemiologic features of chronic atrial fibrillation: the Framingham study. N Engl J Med 306:1018–1022

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Benjamin EJ, Wolf PA, D’Agostino RB et al (1998) Impact of atrial fibrillation on the risk of death. The Framingham study. Circulation 98:946–952

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Falk RH (2001) Atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med 344:1067–1078

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Ezekowitz MD, Netrebko PI (2003) Anticoagulation in management of atrial fibrillation. Curr Opin Cardiol 18:26–31

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Obaida JF, El Farra M, Bastien OH et al (1997) Outcome of atrial fibrillation after mitral valve repair. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 114:179–185

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Fuster V, Ryden LE, Asinger RW et al (2001) ACC/AHA/ESC guidelines for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation. A report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and the European Society of Cardiology Committee for Practice Guidelines and Policy Conferences (Committee to develop guidelines for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation) developed in collaboration with the North American Society of Pacing and Electrophysiology. Eur Heart J 22:1852–1923

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Moe GK, Rheinboldt WC, Abildskov JA (1964) A computer model of atrial fibrillation. Am Heart J 67:200–220

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Moe GK (1962) On the multiple wavelet hypothesis of atrial fibrillation. Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther 140:183–188

    Google Scholar 

  10. Wijffels MC, Kirchhof CJ, Dorland R et al (1995) Atrial fibrillation begets atrial fibrillation. A study in awake chronically instrumented goats. Circulation 92:1954–1968

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Cox JL (2003) Atrial fibrillation I: a new classification system. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 126:1686–1692

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Mandapati R, Skanes A, Chen J et al (2000) Stable microreentrant sources as a mechanism of atrial fibrillation in the isolated sheep heart. Circulation 101:194–199

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Mansour M, Mandapati R, Berenfeld O et al (2001) Left-to-right gradient of atrial frequencies during acute atrial fibrillation in the isolated sheep heart. Circulation 103:2631–2636

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. HaĂ¯ssaguerre M, JaĂ¯s P, Shah DC et al (1998) Spontaneous initiation of atrial fibrillation by ectopic beats originating in the pulmonary veins. N Engl J Med 339:659–666

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Li D, Zhang L, Kneller J et al (2001) Potential ionic mechanism for repolarization differences between canine right and left atrium. Circ Res 88:1168–1175

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Harada A, Sasaki K, Fukushima T et al (1996) Atrial activation during chronic atrial fibrillation in patients with isolated mitral valve disease. Ann Thorac Surg 61:104–112

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Nitta T, Imura H, Bessho R et al (1999) Wavelength and conduction inhomogeneity in each atrium in patients with isolated mitral valve disease and atrial fibrillation. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 10:521–528

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Lundstrom T, Ryden L (1988) Chronic atrial fibrillation. Long-term results of direct current conversion. Acta Med Scand 223:53–59

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Connolly SJ (2003) Preventing stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation: current treatments and new concepts. Am Heart J 145:418–423

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Cox JL, Schuessler RB, Boineau JP (2000) The development of the Maze procedure for the treatment of atrial fibrillation. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 12:2–14

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Cox JL, Boineau JP, Schuessler RB et al (1995) Electrophysiologic basis, surgical development, and clinical results of the maze procedure for atrial flutter and atrial fibrillation. Adv Card Surg 6:1–67

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Cox JL, Jaquiss RD, Schuessler RB, Boineau JP (1995) Modification of the maze procedure for atrial flutter and atrial fibrillation. II. Surgical technique of the maze III procedure. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 110:485–495

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Cox JL, Schuessler RB, D’Agostino HJ Jr et al (1991) The surgical treatment of atrial fibrillation. III. Development of a definitive surgical procedure. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 101:569–583

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Cox JL, Ad N, Palazzo T et al (2000) Current status of the Maze procedure for the treatment of atrial fibrillation. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 12:15–19

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. McCarthy PM, Gillinov AM, Castle L et al (2000) The Cox-Maze procedure: the Cleveland Clinic experience. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 12:25–29

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. McCarthy PM, Castle LW, Maloney JD et al (1993) Initial experience with the maze procedure for atrial fibrillation. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 105:1077–1087

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Schaff HV, Dearani JA, Daly RC et al (2000) Cox-Maze procedure for atrial fibrillation: Mayo Clinic experience. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 12:30–37

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Kosakai Y, Kawaguci AT, Isobe F et al (1995) Modified maze procedure for patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing simultaneous open heart surgery. Circulation 92(9 Suppl):II359–364

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Kress DC, Krum D, Chekanov V et al (2002) Validation of a left atrial lesion pattern for intraoperative ablation of atrial fibrillation. Ann Thorac Surg 73:1160–1168

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Cox JL, Ad N (2000) New surgical and catheter-based modifications of the Maze procedure. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 12:68–73

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Cox JL, Ad N (2000) The importance of cryoablation of the coronary sinus during the Maze procedure. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 12:20–24

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Benussi S, Pappone C, Nascimbene S et al (2000) A simple way to treat chronic atrial fibrillation during mitral valve surgery: the epicardial radiofrequency approach. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 17:524–529

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Gillinov AM, Blackstone EH, McCarthy PM (2002) Atrial fibrillation: current surgical options and their assessment. Ann Thorac Surg 74:2210–2217

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Williams MR, Stewart JR, Bolling SF et al (2001) Surgical treatment of atrial fibrillation using radiofrequency energy. Ann Thorac Surg 71:1939–1944

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. HaĂ¯ssaguerre M, JaĂ¯s P, Shah DC et al (1996) Right and left atrial radiofrequency catheter therapy of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 7:1132–1144

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Roithinger FX, Steiner PR, Goseki Y et al (1999) Electrophysiologic effects of selective right versus left atrial linear lesions in a canine model of chronic atrial fibrillation. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 10:1564–1574

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Chen SA, Hsieh MH, Tai CT et al (1999) Initiation of atrial fibrillation by ectopic beats originating from the pulmonary veins: electrophysiological characteristics, pharmacological responses, and effects of radiofrequency ablation. Circulation 100:1879–1886

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Gaita F, Riccardi R, Calo L et al (1998) Atrial mapping and radiofrequency catheter ablation in patients with idiopathic atrial fibrillation. Electrophysiological findings and ablation results. Circulation 97:2136–2145

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Williams MR, Stewart JR, Bolling SF et al (2001) Surgical treatment of atrial fibrillation using radiofrequency energy. Ann Thorac Surg 71:1939–1944

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Hindricks G, Mohr FW, Autschbach R, Kottkamp H (1999) Antiarrhythmic surgery for treatment of atrial fibrillation — new concepts. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 47:365–369

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Sie HT, Beukema WP, Misier AR et al (2001) Radiofrequency modified maze in patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing concomitant cardiac surgery. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 122:249–256

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Sie HT, Beukema WP, Ramdat Misier AR et al (2001) The radiofrequency modified maze procedure. A less invasive surgical approach to atrial fibrillation during open-heart surgery. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 19:443–447

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Mohr FW, Fabricius AM, Falk V et al (2002) Curative treatment of atrial fibrillation with intraoperative radiofrequency ablation: short-term and midterm results. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 123:919–927

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Gillinov AM, Pettersson G et al (2001) Esophageal injury during radiofrequency ablation for atrial fibrillation. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 122:1239–1240

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Gillinov AM, McCarthy PM (2002) Atricure bipolar radiofrequency clamp for intraoperative ablation of atrial fibrillation. Ann Thorac Surg 74:2165–2168

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Benussi S, Pappone C, Nascimbene S et al (2000) A simple way to treat chronic atrial fibrillation during mitral valve surgery: the epicardial radiofrequency approach. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 17:524–529

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Patwardhan AM, Dave HH, Tamhane AA et al (1997) Intraoperative radiofrequency microbipolar coagulation to replace incisions of maze III procedure for correcting atrial fibrillation in patients with rheumatic valvular disease. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 12:627–633

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Melo J, Adragao PR, Neves j et al (1999) Electrosurgical treatment of atrial fibrillation with a new intraoperative radiofrequency ablation catheter. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 47(Suppl 3):370–372

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  49. Kottkamp H, Hindricks G, Hammel D et al (1999) Intraoperative radiofrequency ablation of chronic atrial fibrillation: a left atrial curative approach by elimination of anatomic ‘anchor’ reentrant circuits. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 10:772–780

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Chen MC, Guo GB, Chang JP et al (1998) Radiofrequency and cryoablation of atrial fibrillation in patients undergoing valvular operation. Ann Thorac Surg 65:1666–1672

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Hammer W, Botha C, Ickrath O et al (2001) Background and early results of a modified left atrial radiofrequency procedure concomitant with cardiac surgery. Cardiovasc J S Afr 12:19–28

    Google Scholar 

  52. Pasic M, Bergs P, Muller P et al (2001) Intraoperative radiofrequency maze ablation for atrial fibrillation: the Berlin modification. Ann Thorac Surg 72:1484–1491

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Chen MC, Chang JP, Guo GB et al (2001) Atrial size reduction as a predictor of the success of radiofrequency maze procedure for chronic atrial fibrillation in patients undergoing concomitant valvular surgery. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 12:867–874

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Handa N, Schaff HV, Morris JJ et al (1999) Outcome of valve repair and the Cox Maze procedure for mitral regurgitation and associated atrial fibrillation. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 118:628–635

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Raanani E, Albage A, David TE et al (2001) The efficacy of Cox/maze procedure combined with mitral valve surgery: a matched control study. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 19:438–442

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Kondo N, Takahashi K, Minakawa M, Daitoku K (2003) Left atrial maze procedure: a useful addition to other corrective operations. Ann Thorac Surg 75:1490–1494

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  57. Sueda T, Nagata H, Shikata H et al (1996) Simple left atrial procedure for chronic atrial fibrillation associated with mitral valve disease. Ann Thorac Surg 62:1796–1800

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. Sueda T, Nagata H, Orihashi K et al (1997) Efficacy of a simple left atrial procedure for chronic atrial fibrillation in mitral valve operations. Ann Thorac Surg 63:1070–1075

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. Spitzer SG, Richter P, Knaut M et al (1999) Treatment of atrial fibrillation in open heart surgery — the potential role of microwave energy. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 47:374–378

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  60. Knaut M, Spitzer SG, Karolyi L et al (1999) Intraoperative microwave ablation for curative treatment of atrial fibrillation in open heart surgery — the MICRO-STAF and MICRO-PASS pilot trial. MICROwave Application in Surgical Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation. MICROwave Application for the Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation in Bypass Surgery. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 47:379–384

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  61. Saliba W, Wilber D, Packer D et al (2002) Circumferential ultrasound ablation for pulmonary vein isolation: analysis of acute and chronic failures. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 13:957–961

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  62. Natale A, Pisano E, Shewchik J et al (2000) First human experience with pulmonary vein isolation using a through-the-balloon circumferential ultrasound ablation system for recurrent atrial fibrillation. Circulation 102:1879–1882

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. Fried NM, Lardo AC, Berger RD et al (2000) Linear lesions in myocardium created by Nd:YAG laser using diffusing optical fibers: in vitro and in vivo results. Lasers Surg Med 27:295–304

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. Keane D, Ruskin JN (1999) Linear atrial ablation with a diode laser and fiberoptic catheter. Circulation 100:59–60

    Google Scholar 

  65. Kubota H, Furuse A, Takeshita M et al (1998) Atrial ablation with an IRK-151 infrared coagulator. Ann Thorac Surg 66:95–100

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. Kubota H, Takamoto S, Takeshita M et al (2000) Atrial ablation using an IRK-151 infrared coagulator in canine model. J Cardiovasc Surg 41:835–847

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. Hornero F, Montero JA, Canovas S et al (2002) Biatrial radiofrequency ablation for atrial fibrillation: epicardial and endocardial surgical approach. Interactive Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 1:72–77

    Article  Google Scholar 

  68. Gillinov AM, McCarthy PM, Blackstone EH et al (2003) Bipolar radiofrequency to ablate atrial fibrillation in patients undergoing mitral valve surgery. Heart Surg Forum 7:147–152

    Article  Google Scholar 

  69. Nascimbene S, Benussi S, Calvi S et al (2004) Trattamento combinato della fibrillazione atriale in pazienti candidati ad intervento chirurgico a cuore aperto: risultati clinici e funzionali a distanza. Ital Heart J Suppl 5(3):199–204

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  70. Troise G, Cirillo M, Brunelli F et al (2004) Mid-term results of cardiac autotransplantation as method to treat permanent atrial fibrillation and mitral disease. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 25:1025–1031

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  71. Melo J (2002) How to establish normal biatrial contraction and sinus rhythm without drug therapy. Heart Surg Forum Rev 1:5–6

    Google Scholar 

  72. Melo JQ, Neves J, Adragao P et al (1997) When and how to report results of surgery on atrial fibrillation. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 12:739–744

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  73. Arcidi JM Jr, Doty DB, Millar RC et al (2000) The Maze procedure: the LDS Hospital experience. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 12:38–43

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  74. Kamata J, Kawazoe K, Izumoto H et al (1997) Predictors of sinus rhythm restoration after Cox maze procedure concomitant with other cardiac operations. Ann Thorac Surg 64:394–398

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  75. Izumoto H, Kawazoe K, Kitahara H et al (1998) Operative results after Cox/maze procedure combined with a mitral valve operation. Ann Thorac Surg 66:800–804

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. Benussi S, Nascimbene S, Agricola E et al (2002) Surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation using the epicardial radiofrequency approach: mid-term results and risk analysis. Ann Thorac Surg 74:1050–1057

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  77. Kress DC, Sra J, Krum D et al (2002) Radiofrequency ablation of atrial fibrillation during mitral valve surgery. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 14:210–218

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  78. Knaut M, Tugtekin SM, Spitzer S et al (2002) Combined atrial fibrillation and mitral valve surgery using microwave technology. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 14:226–231

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  79. Gepstein L, Hayam G, Shpun S et al (1999) Atrial linear ablations in pigs. Chronic effects on atrial electrophysiology and pathology. Circulation 100:419–426

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  80. Ernst S, Ouyang F, Lober F et al (2003) Catheter-induced linear lesions in the left atrium in patients with atrial fibrillation: an electroanatomic study. J Am Coll Cardiol 42:1271–1282

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  81. Patel VV, Ren JF, Marchlinski FE (2002) A comparison of left atrial size by twodimensional transthoracic echocardiography and magnetic endocardial catheter mapping. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 25:95–97

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  82. Landymore R, Kinley CE (1984) Staple closure of the left atrial appendage. Can J Surg 27:144–145

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  83. Blackshear JL, Odell JA (1996) Appendage obliteration to reduce stroke in cardiac surgical patients with atrial fibrillation. Ann Thorac Surg 61:755–759

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  84. Blackshear JL, Johnson WD, Odell JA et al (2003) Thoracoscopic extracardiac obliteration of the left atrial appendage for stroke risk reduction in atrial fibrillation. J Am Coll Cardiol 42:1249–1252

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  85. Odell JA, Blackshear JL, Davies E et al (1996) Thoracoscopic obliteration of the left atrial appendage: potential for stroke reduction? Ann Thorac Surg 61:565–569

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  86. Chevalier P, Obadia JF, Timour Q et al (1999) Thoracoscopic epicardial radiofrequency ablation for vagal atrial fibrillation in dogs. Pacing Clin Electrophysiol 22:880–886

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  87. Manasse E, Infante M, Ghiselli S et al (2002) A video-assisted thoracoscopic technique to encircle the four pulmonary veins: a new surgical intervention for atrial fibrillation ablation. Heart Surg Forum 5:337–339

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2005 Springer-Verlag Italia

About this paper

Cite this paper

Patanè, L., Cavallaro, A. (2005). Advances in Surgical Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation. In: Gulizia, M.M. (eds) Emerging Pathologies in Cardiology. Springer, Milano . https://doi.org/10.1007/88-470-0341-5_17

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/88-470-0341-5_17

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Milano

  • Print ISBN: 978-88-470-0311-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-88-470-0341-5

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics