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Filovirus Strategies to Escape Antiviral Responses

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  • First Online:
Marburg- and Ebolaviruses

Part of the book series: Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology ((CT MICROBIOLOGY,volume 411))

Abstract

This chapter describes the various strategies filoviruses use to escape host immune responses with a focus on innate immune and cell death pathways. Since filovirus replication can be efficiently blocked by interferon (IFN), filoviruses have evolved mechanisms to counteract both type I IFN induction and IFN response signaling pathways. Intriguingly, marburg- and ebolaviruses use different strategies to inhibit IFN signaling. This chapter also summarizes what is known about the role of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) in filovirus infection. These fall into three categories: those that restrict filovirus replication, those whose activation is inhibited by filoviruses, and those that have no measurable effect on viral replication. In addition to innate immunity, mammalian cells have evolved strategies to counter viral infections, including the induction of cell death and stress response pathways, and we summarize our current knowledge of how filoviruses interact with these pathways. Finally, this chapter delves into the interaction of EBOV with myeloid dendritic cells and macrophages and the associated inflammatory response, which differs dramatically between these cell types when they are infected with EBOV. In summary, we highlight the multifaceted nature of the host-viral interactions during filoviral infections.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Microbiology and National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories, Boston University School of Medicine, 620 Albany Street, Boston, MA, 02118, USA

    Judith Olejnik, Adam J. Hume & Elke Mühlberger

  2. Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA

    Daisy W. Leung & Gaya K. Amarasinghe

  3. Microbial Pathogenesis, Georgia State University, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA

    Christopher F. Basler

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  1. Judith Olejnik
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  4. Gaya K. Amarasinghe
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  5. Christopher F. Basler
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  6. Elke Mühlberger
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Correspondence to Elke Mühlberger .

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  1. Boston University School of Medicine , Boston, Massachusetts, USA

    Elke Mühlberger

  2. NIAID, National Institutes of Health NIAID, Frederick, Maryland, USA

    Lisa L. Hensley

  3. Centers for Disease Control & Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA

    Jonathan S. Towner

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Olejnik, J., Hume, A.J., Leung, D.W., Amarasinghe, G.K., Basler, C.F., Mühlberger, E. (2017). Filovirus Strategies to Escape Antiviral Responses. In: Mühlberger, E., Hensley, L., Towner, J. (eds) Marburg- and Ebolaviruses. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, vol 411. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/82_2017_13

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