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Actin-Dependent Regulation of Borrelia burgdorferi Phagocytosis by Macrophages

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The Actin Cytoskeleton and Bacterial Infection

Part of the book series: Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology ((CT MICROBIOLOGY,volume 399))

Abstract

The spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi is the causative agent of Lyme disease, a multisystemic disorder affecting primarily skin, nervous system, and joints. If an infection with Borrelia proceeds unchecked, the disease can also enter a chronic stage, leading to the development of neuroborreliosis or cardiac arrhythmia. Successful elimination of B. burgdorferi by the host immune system is thus decisive for the positive outcome of a respective infection. Accordingly, host immune cells such as macrophages and dendritic cells have to be able to efficiently internalize and degrade infecting spirochetes. These processes are based on closely controlled rearrangements of the actin cytoskeleton, which enables the spatiotemporally fine-tuned formation of cellular protrusions and compartments that assist in the capturing, immobilization, and uptake of borreliae, as well as their further intracellular processing. Here, we discuss actin-based structures, in particular filopodia and coiling pseudopods that are involved in phagocytosis of B. burgdorferi by macrophages, their regulation by actin-associated proteins such as formins and Arp2/3 complex, as well as the subsequent intracellular processing of borreliae.

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Acknowledgements

We apologize to all whose work was not mentioned owing to space limitations. We thank Mirko Himmel for help with figures, Andrea Mordhorst for expert technical assistance and Martin Aepfelbacher for continuous support. Work from the SL lab mentioned in this article has been supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SPP1464, GRK 1459).

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  1. Institute for Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, University Medical Center Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany

    Xenia Naj & Stefan Linder

  2. Ecole Polytechnique, Laboratory of Biochemistry, CNRS UMR 7654, 91128, Palaiseau Cedex, France

    Xenia Naj

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Correspondence to Stefan Linder .

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  1. Institut für Anatomie, Abteilung für Anatomie und Molekulare Embryologie, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany

    Hans Georg Mannherz

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Naj, X., Linder, S. (2016). Actin-Dependent Regulation of Borrelia burgdorferi Phagocytosis by Macrophages. In: Mannherz, H. (eds) The Actin Cytoskeleton and Bacterial Infection. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, vol 399. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/82_2016_26

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