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Influenza Pathogenesis and Control - Volume II pp 205–235Cite as

Design of Alternative Live Attenuated Influenza Virus Vaccines

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Part of the book series: Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology ((CT MICROBIOLOGY,volume 386))

Abstract

Each year due to the ever-evolving nature of influenza, new influenza vaccines must be produced to provide protection against the influenza viruses in circulation. Currently, there are two mainstream strategies to generate seasonal influenza vaccines: inactivated and live-attenuated. Inactivated vaccines are non-replicating forms of whole influenza virus, while live-attenuated vaccines are viruses modified to be replication impaired. Although it is widely believed that by inducing both mucosal and humoral immune responses the live-attenuated vaccine provides better protection than that of the inactivated vaccine, there are large populations of individuals who cannot safely receive the LAIV vaccine. Thus, safer LAIV vaccines are needed to provide adequate protection to these populations. Improvement is also needed in the area of vaccine production. Current strategies relying on traditional tissue culture-based and egg-based methods are slow and delay production time. This chapter describes experimental vaccine generation and production strategies that address the deficiencies in current methods for potential human and agricultural use.

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Abbreviations

EID50 :

Egg Infectious Dose 50

IRES:

Internal Ribosome Entry Site

KO:

Knockout

LAIV:

Live-attenuated influenza vaccine

MDCK:

Madin-Darby Canine Kindey Cell

MLD50 :

Mouse Lethal Dose 50

nts:

Nucleotides

Pfu:

Plaque Forming Units

PSI:

Packaging Signal

UTR:

Untranslated Region

RG:

Reverse Genetics

RISC:

RNA-induced Silencing Complex

WT:

Wild-Type

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Veterinary Medicine, College Park and Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA

    Courtney Finch, Weizhong Li & Daniel R. Perez

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  1. Courtney Finch
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  2. Weizhong Li
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  3. Daniel R. Perez
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Correspondence to Daniel R. Perez .

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  1. Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA

    Michael B. A. Oldstone

  2. IDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA

    Richard W. Compans

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Finch, C., Li, W., Perez, D.R. (2014). Design of Alternative Live Attenuated Influenza Virus Vaccines. In: Oldstone, M., Compans, R. (eds) Influenza Pathogenesis and Control - Volume II. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, vol 386. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/82_2014_404

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