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Influenza Pathogenesis and Control - Volume I pp 307–326Cite as

Pathogenesis and Vaccination of Influenza A Virus in Swine

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Part of the book series: Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology ((CT MICROBIOLOGY,volume 385))

Abstract

Swine influenza is an acute respiratory disease of pigs caused by influenza A virus (IAV) and characterized by fever followed by lethargy, anorexia, and serous nasal discharge. The disease progresses rapidly and may be complicated when associated with other respiratory pathogens. IAV is one of the most prevalent respiratory pathogens of swine, resulting in substantial economic burden to pork producers. In the past 10–15 years, a dramatic evolution of the IAV in U.S. swine has occurred, resulting in the co-circulation of many antigenically distinct IAV strains, derived from 13 phylogenetically distinct hemagglutinin clusters of H1 and H3 viruses. Vaccination is the most common strategy to prevent influenza in pigs, however, the current diverse IAV epidemiology poses a challenge for the production of efficacious and protective vaccines. A concern regarding the use of traditional inactivated vaccines is the possibility of inducing vaccine-associated enhanced respiratory disease (VAERD) when vaccine virus strains are mismatched with the infecting strain. In this review, we discuss the current epidemiology and pathogenesis of swine influenza in the United States, different vaccines platforms with potential to control influenza in pigs, and the factors associated with vaccine-associated disease enhancement.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Virus and Prion Diseases of Livestock Research Unit, USDA-ARS, 1920 Dayton Avenue, PO Box 70, Ames, IA, 50010, USA

    Daniela S. Rajao & Amy L. Vincent

  2. Department of Biology, Georgia Southern University, PO Box 8042, Statesboro, GA, 30460, USA

    Tavis K. Anderson

  3. Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine, 2180 Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50010, USA

    Phillip C. Gauger

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  1. Daniela S. Rajao
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  2. Tavis K. Anderson
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  3. Phillip C. Gauger
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  4. Amy L. Vincent
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Correspondence to Amy L. Vincent .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA

    Richard W. Compans

  2. Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA

    Michael B. A. Oldstone

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Rajao, D.S., Anderson, T.K., Gauger, P.C., Vincent, A.L. (2014). Pathogenesis and Vaccination of Influenza A Virus in Swine. In: Compans, R., Oldstone, M. (eds) Influenza Pathogenesis and Control - Volume I. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, vol 385. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/82_2014_391

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