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NF-kB in Health and Disease pp 115–143Cite as

NF-κB and Innate Immunity

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Part of the book series: Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology ((CT MICROBIOLOGY,volume 349))

Abstract

Members of the NF-κB transcription factor family play a critical role in the development of innate immunity. Upon recognition of pathogen infections or tissue damage, the NF-κB pathway is strongly activated by cellular pattern recognition receptors, including Toll-like receptors and multiple cytosolic receptors such as RIG-I-like helicases and NOD family proteins. NF-κB is required not only for the expression, but also for subsequent signal transduction of numerous downstream cytokines. NF-κB-responsive genes affect a diverse array of cellular processes including apoptosis and cell survival, and often directly control the course of a pathogen infection. In this review, we will examine signaling pathways leading to NF-κB activation during the innate immune response and mechanisms of pathogen-modulation of these pathways; the specifics of NF-κB-dependent gene programs, and the physiological consequences for the immune system caused by the absence of individual NF-κB subunits.

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Abbreviations

PRR:

Pattern recognition receptor

PAMP:

Pathogen associated molecular pattern

TLR:

Toll-like receptor

RLR:

RIG-I-like receptor

NLR:

NOD-like receptor

IFN:

Interferon

IFNAR:

Interferon α/β receptor

NF-κB:

Nuclear factor-kappaB

LPS:

Lipopolysaccharide

TIR:

Toll/IL-1R

TRIF:

TIR domain-containing adaptor gene inducing IFN-β

MyD88:

Myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88

MAPK:

Mitogen activated protein kinase

TNF:

Tumor necrosis factor

TRAF:

TNF receptor-associated factor

TIRAP:

TIR-domain containing adaptor protein

IRAK:

IL-1 receptor associated kinase

TAK1:

Transforming growth factor-activated protein kinase 1

IKK:

ikappaB kinase

IRF:

Interferon regulatory factor

Poly(I:C):

Polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid

RIP:

Receptor interacting protein

RHIM:

RIP homotypic interaction motif

IL:

Interleukin

TANK:

TRAF-family member-associated NF-κB activator

TBK1:

TANK-binding kinase-1

VSV:

Vesicular stomatitis virus

ISRE:

Interferon stimulated response element

RIG-I:

Retinoic acid inducible gene-I

pDC:

Plasmacytoid dendritic cell

NIK:

NF-κB inducing kinase

PI-3K:

Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase

NDV:

Newcastle disease virus

CARD:

Caspase recruitment domain

Mda5:

Melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5

FADD:

Fas-associated protein with death domain

DAI:

DNA-dependent activator of IFN-regulatory factors

ZBP-1:

Z-DNA binding protein-1

NOD:

Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain

HIV-1:

Human immunodeficiency virus-1

LTR:

Long terminal repeat

HSV-1:

Herpes simplex virus-1

ASFV:

African swine flu virus

Th1:

Type I helper T cell

PRD:

Positive regulatory domain

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  1. Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California Los Angeles, 615 Charles Young Dr S., 210A BSRB, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA

    Anurupa Dev, Shankar Iyer, Bahram Razani & Genhong Cheng

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  1. Anurupa Dev
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  2. Shankar Iyer
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  3. Bahram Razani
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  4. Genhong Cheng
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Correspondence to Genhong Cheng .

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  1. School of Medicine, Dept. Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, Gilman Dr. 9500, La Jolla, 92093-0636, California, USA

    Michael Karin

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Dev, A., Iyer, S., Razani, B., Cheng, G. (2010). NF-κB and Innate Immunity. In: Karin, M. (eds) NF-kB in Health and Disease. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, vol 349. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/82_2010_102

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