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Photoimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis

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Emerging and Evolving Topics in Multiple Sclerosis Pathogenesis and Treatments

Part of the book series: Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences ((CTBN,volume 26))

Abstract

The ultraviolet (UV) radiation contained in sunlight is a powerful immune suppressant. While exposure to UV is best known for its ability to cause skin cancer, it is also associated with protection against a range of autoimmune diseases, particularly multiple sclerosis (MS). Although the precise mechanism by which sunlight affords protection from MS remains to be determined, some have hypothesised that UV immunosuppression explains the “latitude-gradient effect” associated with MS. By stimulating the release of soluble factors in exposed skin, UV activates immune suppressive pathways that culminate in the induction of regulatory cells in distant tissues. Each and every one of the immune suppressive cells and molecules activated by UV exposure are potential targets for treating and preventing MS. A thorough understanding of the mechanisms involved is therefore required if we are to realise the therapeutic potential of photoimmunology.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Cellular Photoimmunology Group, Discipline of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia

    Felix Marsh-Wakefield & Scott N. Byrne

  2. Department of Dermatology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, Australia

    Felix Marsh-Wakefield & Scott N. Byrne

  3. Discipline of Dermatology, Bosch Institute, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Camperdown, Australia

    Felix Marsh-Wakefield & Scott N. Byrne

  4. Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Level 5 (East), The Charles Perkins Centre Hub (D17), University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia

    Scott N. Byrne

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  1. School of Biological Sciences, Malaghan Institute of Medical Research, Victoria University of Wellington School of Biological Sciences, Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand

    Anne C. La Flamme

  2. Department of Biochemistry, School of Molecular Sciences La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, Melbourne, Australia

    Jacqueline Monique Orian

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Marsh-Wakefield, F., Byrne, S.N. (2015). Photoimmunology and Multiple Sclerosis. In: La Flamme, A., Orian, J. (eds) Emerging and Evolving Topics in Multiple Sclerosis Pathogenesis and Treatments. Current Topics in Behavioral Neurosciences, vol 26. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/7854_2014_359

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