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The Mitochondrion-Related Organelle of Cryptosporidium parvum

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Hydrogenosomes and Mitosomes: Mitochondria of Anaerobic Eukaryotes

Part of the book series: Microbiology Monographs ((MICROMONO,volume 9))

Abstract

The mitochondrion-related organelle of Cryptosporidium parvum is structurally distinguished from the hydrogenosomes and mitosomes of anaerobic protists by its (1) close association with the crystalloid body, an organelle unique to this apicomplexan and the function of which is currently unknown; (2) close association with the outer nuclear membrane and possibly nuclear pores; (3) envelopment by rough endoplasmic reticulum and in some cases an apparent direct tethering to ribosomes; and (4) atypical internal membranous compartments that lack well-defined crista junctions with the mitochondrial inner membrane, a characteristic that defines most aerobic eukaryotic mitochondria. Like most hydrogenosome- and mitosome-bearing anaerobic protists, however, C. parvum lacks a mitochondrial genome, i.e. proteins are encoded by the nucleus and targeted back to the mitochondrion-like organelle. As a consequence of this reductive evolution, there are no genes for electron transport or oxidative phosphorylation, and the only function so far ascribed to this tiny organelle is one common to all eukaryotic mitochondria, the assembly and maturation of iron sulfur clusters. The ultrastructure and tomography of the relic mitochondrion and crystalloid body, as well as their probable functions, are the primary topics herein. An overview of iron sulfur cluster biosynthesis, the likely mechanisms for import into and export from the mitochondrion, as well as core carbohydrate and energy metabolism are discussed. Similarities and differences in the structure and function of both organelles with anaerobic protists in general, as well as with other apicomplexans specifically, are described.

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  1. The Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, Division of Infectious Diseases, David Axelrod Institute for Public Health, 120 New Scotland Avenue, 12208, Albany, NY, USA

    Janet S. Keithly

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  1. Janet S. Keithly
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Correspondence to Janet S. Keithly .

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Jan Tachezy

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Keithly, J.S. (2007). The Mitochondrion-Related Organelle of Cryptosporidium parvum . In: Tachezy, J. (eds) Hydrogenosomes and Mitosomes: Mitochondria of Anaerobic Eukaryotes. Microbiology Monographs, vol 9. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/7171_2007_115

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