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l-Threonine

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Amino Acid Biosynthesis ~ Pathways, Regulation and Metabolic Engineering

Part of the book series: Microbiology Monographs ((MICROMONO,volume 5))

Abstract

This review focuses on the principles and recent progress in production of the essential amino acid l-threonine. Behind glutamic acid, methionine and lysine, threonine is one of the most important amino acids almost exclusively used in the feed industry. Basic principles of threonine producers, like amplified genes coding for enzymes involved in the biosynthesis, are explained. Possible modifications of parts of the metabolism that are not directly related and a section about recent findings on global regulation round up the review of strain improvement or strain breeding. In a second section important necessities of the bioprocess industry, such as reduction of gradient formation and other scale-up related topics, are discussed. Strategies for avoiding such problems by improved reactor design or process modifications are presented and discussed in relation to recent advances in strain improvements. Finally, future steps are presented and discussed at the end of the review.

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Acknowledgments

We would like to thank Klaus Huthmacher for continuous support and discussion. Furthermore, we are grateful to Patrick Lettner for providing previously unpublished data. We thank Nils Niedner, Reiner Beste and Ralf Kelle for many helpful comments and Stephan Hans for providing drawings.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Feed Additives, Research and Development, Degussa AG, Kantstr. 2, 33790, Halle/Westfalen, Germany

    Mechthild Rieping

  2. Feed Additives, Agroferm ZRt., Degussa AG, Nádudvari útfél, 4183, Kaba, Hungary

    Thomas Hermann

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  1. Mechthild Rieping
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  2. Thomas Hermann
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Correspondence to Thomas Hermann .

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Volker F. Wendisch

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© 2006 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Rieping, M., Hermann, T. (2006). l-Threonine. In: Wendisch, V.F. (eds) Amino Acid Biosynthesis ~ Pathways, Regulation and Metabolic Engineering. Microbiology Monographs, vol 5. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/7171_2006_065

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