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Tip Growth and Endocytosis in Fungi

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Plant Endocytosis

Part of the book series: Plant Cell Monographs ((CELLMONO,volume 1))

Abstract

Recent advances in molecular cell biology have provided new insights into different cellular processes that all turn out to contribute to polarized cell growth in a variety of model systems used to analyse growth, differentiation and development. Polarized cell growth, although a general feature of the living cell, can be found in a pronounced fashion during pollen tube outgrowth and root hair development in plants, during neurite outgrowth, and during filamentous hyphal growth. Filamentous fungi represent excellent model systems to analyse polarized cell growth owing to their genetic tractability and the ease of generating and keeping mutant strains. Contributing to this is the fact that already a number of fungal genomes have been sequenced, which allows the rapid analysis and comparison of gene function. This has led to the finding that polarized cell growth can be influenced by perturbations in different cellular pathways. Control of polarity establishment and the maintenance of polarized cell growth are exerted by a number of conserved GTP-binding proteins of the Ras/Rho subfamily and their specific regulators that organize the actin cytoskeleton. Hyphal tip growth requires coordination of vesicle transport using actin and microtubule cytoskeletons. Recent evidence has shown that hyphal growth not only depends on polarized secretion but also requires endocytosis, suggesting that the recycling of the membrane and sorting of vesicles is required for fast elongation of hyphal tubes. Key players on the molecular level that direct tip growth and endocytosis in the fungal hyphae based on differential regulation of the actin cytoskeleton are discussed.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (We2634/2-1).

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  1. Junior Research Group: Growth Control of Fungal Pathogens, Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans Knöll Institute, Department of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University, Hans-Knöll-Str. 2, 07745, Jena, Germany

    Jürgen Wendland & Andrea Walther

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Correspondence to Jürgen Wendland .

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Jozef Šamaj František Baluška Diedrik Menzel

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Wendland, J., Walther, A. Tip Growth and Endocytosis in Fungi. In: Šamaj, J., Baluška, F., Menzel, D. (eds) Plant Endocytosis. Plant Cell Monographs, vol 1. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/7089_018

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