Pd-Catalyzed Carbonylative Synthesis of Other-Membered Heterocycles from Aryl Halides

Abstract

In this chapter, representative examples from the literature are illustrated for the construction of heterocycles from palladium-catalyzed carbonylation reactions of aryl halides. Remarkably, the catalytic systems are highly efficient in many cases for generating not only medium-sized ring systems but also even larger structures such as 24-membered heterocycles. This includes not only a variety of pharmaceutically relevant molecules, such as the benzodiazepines, but also peptidic structures. Finally, the methodology is adaptable to carbon isotope labeling starting from ¹³C- to ¹⁴C-isotopically labeled carbon monoxide.