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Estuaries pp 233–264Cite as

Estuary of the Danube

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Part of the book series: The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry ((HEC5,volume 5H))

Abstract

The Danube is the second largest major European river, with a huge estuary located in two countries: Ukraine and Romania. The Danube watershed embraces 15 highly industrialized European countries that produce a high level of anthropogenic pressure. During the last 30 years they have influenced the river, estuary, and Black Sea. At present the Danube runoff is totally regulated by dams. This factor changed the hydrological regime. Another factor that has changed the hydrochemical regime is the oversupply of nutrients, primarily nitrogen and phosphorus. This affected the environment of the river, estuary, and northwestern shelf of the Black Sea. Eutrophication, “water blooming”, and near-bottom hypoxia as a result of this process are developing in the northwestern part of the Black Sea. In the estuary, both water quality and bottom sediments have deteriorated, and the fish catch and biodiversity have decreased. At present a new source of eutrophication is bottom sediment in the shore zone of the sea.

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Abbreviations

MCL:

Maximum allowable contaminant levels

CE:

Coefficient of export

A :

Anthropogenic constituent of river's nutrient runoff

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Odessa Branch, Institute of Biology of Southern Seas National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Pushkinskaya St. 37, 65011, Odessa, Ukraine

    Nikolai Berlinsky, Yulia Bogatova & Galina Garkavaya

Authors
  1. Nikolai Berlinsky
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  2. Yulia Bogatova
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  3. Galina Garkavaya
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Nikolai Berlinsky .

Editor information

Peter J. Wangersky

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Berlinsky, N., Bogatova, Y., Garkavaya, G. Estuary of the Danube. In: Wangersky, P.J. (eds) Estuaries. The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry, vol 5H. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/698_5_021

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