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The Nile River pp 57–77Cite as

A Satellite Remote Sensing Approach to Estimate the Lifetime Span of Aswan High Dam Reservoir

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Part of the book series: The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry ((HEC,volume 56))

Abstract

Aswan High Dam Reservoir (AHDR) is vital to Egypt. It is the main source of freshwater for Egypt. The main objectives of the present study are to assess the sedimentation rate and to determine the reduction in the reservoire storage capacity for the live and dead zones of AHDR using remote sensing (RS) and geographic information systems (GIS). These results will be used to compute the lifetime span (LTS) of both the dead and live storage zones. The computed values using RS and GIS are compared with those of the cross-section method computed adopted by the Aswan High Dam Authority (AHDA). The present study indicated that the annual sediment deposition rate in the AHDR is 147.29 × 106 m3/yr of which 65.49 × 106 and 81.80 × 106 m3/yr in dead and live storage zones, respectively. This implies that the annual reduction rates in the dead and live storage capacities of this reservoir are 0.208% and 0.121%, respectively. Moreover, the results showed that the computed value of LTS of the dead zone is 482 years while the LTS of the live zone is 830 years. As a consequence, the sediment trap (dead zone) efficiency of AHDR will be decreased by 20.75% every 100 years of operation of the AHD. Furthermore, the AHDA estimated that the dead storage and live storage zones would be filled with sediments in 487 and 835 years, respectively. This indicates that the results of the present study and the AHDA approach are very close.

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Abbreviations

AHD:

Aswan High Dam

AHDA:

Aswan High Dam Authority

AHDL:

Aswan High Dam Reservoir

BCM:

Billion cubic meters, B m3

DZ:

Dead zone

GIS:

Geographic information systems

km:

Kilometer

LTS:

Lifetime span

LZ:

Live zone

M m3 :

Million cubic meter

MAE:

Mean absolute error

RS:

Remote sensing

yr:

Year

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Water and Water Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt

    Abdelazim Negm

  2. Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt

    Mohamed Elsahabi

  3. Civil Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt

    Kamal Ali

Authors
  1. Abdelazim Negm
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  2. Mohamed Elsahabi
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  3. Kamal Ali
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Abdelazim Negm .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Engineering, Zagazig University , Zagazig, Egypt

    Abdelazim M. Negm

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Negm, A., Elsahabi, M., Ali, K. (2017). A Satellite Remote Sensing Approach to Estimate the Lifetime Span of Aswan High Dam Reservoir. In: Negm, A. (eds) The Nile River. The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry, vol 56. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/698_2017_15

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