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Dynamics of the Pantanal Wetland in South America pp 111–131Cite as

Terrestrial and Aquatic Vegetation Diversity of the Pantanal Wetland

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Part of the book series: The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry ((HEC,volume 37))

Abstract

This chapter is a comprehensive summary and an illustrated report of our observations over 30 years of research on flora, vegetation, and geoprocessing based on intensive fieldwork throughout the Pantanal plain and highlands, associated to data compiled from the literature. There is a unique phytogeographic diversity in the Pantanal, a region of confluence of various biogeographic provinces, such as Cerrado, Amazon, Atlantic Forest, and Chaco, plus a wide distribution group and the exotic plants. The proportions of the flora are approximately 50% wide-ranging species, 30% Cerrado species, and 20% shared among other phytogeographic origins. Considering the 350 woody plants, the Cerrado group is the most numerous (66 species), followed by Cerrado and seasonal forest (47), wide distribution (31), Chaco (29), and seasonal forest (23). There is little endemism, probably due to the recent geological age of the Pantanal. So far, the Pantanal is yet the most conserved biome in Brazil. The vegetation is very resilient, flexible, and adapted to wet-and-dry seasonal and decadal cycles, including fire, and shall remain diverse as long as the hydrological balance is not disrupted by homogenization toward either an entirely dry or a fully wet system.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Botany Laboratory, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil

    Arnildo Pott

  2. Embrapa Informatics and Agriculture, Campinas, SP, Brazil

    João Santos Vila da Silva

Authors
  1. Arnildo Pott
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  2. João Santos Vila da Silva
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to João Santos Vila da Silva .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratório de Conversão de Biomassa, Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (Embrapa), Corumbá, Brazil

    Ivan Bergier

  2. IGCE - Departamento de Geologia Aplicada, UNESP- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil

    Mario Luis Assine

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Pott, A., da Silva, J.S.V. (2015). Terrestrial and Aquatic Vegetation Diversity of the Pantanal Wetland. In: Bergier, I., Assine, M. (eds) Dynamics of the Pantanal Wetland in South America. The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry, vol 37. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/698_2015_352

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