Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Biogeochemical Peculiarities of the Vertical Distributions of Nutrients in the Black Sea

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Chemical Structure of Pelagic Redox Interfaces

Part of the book series: The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry ((HEC,volume 22))

  • 1044 Accesses

Abstract

Analysis of the vertical distributions of the ratios between C, S, Si, N, and P revealed the layers with significant systematic differences from the theoretical Redfield and Richards values. These anomalies can testify to the presence of such processes as denitrification/anammox and the processes of the “phosphate dipole” formation. Based on the ratios to Si, which concentrations do not change under the redox conditions variability, we estimated numerically the other elements deficiencies and the rates of the processes that form these deficiencies. The calculated rates of denitrification/anammox (0.012–0.046 μM per day) correspond well to the present observations data. The calculated possible rates of the processes controlling the shallower phosphate minimum formation equal to 0.008–0.032 μM per day, and the rates of the deeper phosphate minimum formation are in the range of 0.006–0.024 μM per day. The Ct/St ratio showed that bacterial sulfate reduction was the only significant process in the anaerobic mineralization of organic matter in the anoxic zone of the Black Sea that lead to a constant stoichiometric C/S ratio close to the theoretical one of 2.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Murray JW, Codispoti LA, Friederich GE (1995) The suboxic zone in the Black Sea. In: Huang CP, O’Melia R, Morgan JJ (eds) Aquatic chemistry: interfacial and interspecies processes, vol 244. American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, pp 157–176

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  2. Rozanov AG (1995) Redox stratification of the Black Sea. Oceanology 35(4):544–549

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Vinogradov MV, Nalbandov YuR (1990) Affect of water density on disributions of phisycal, chemical, and biological characteristics of pelagic ecosysem of the Black Sea. Oceanology 30(5):769–777

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Yakushev EV, Chasovnikov VK, Debolskaya EI, Egorov AV, Makkaveev PN, Pakhomova SV, Podymov OI, Yakubenko VG (2006) The northeastern Black Sea redox zone: hydrochemical structure and its temporal variability. Deep Sea Research II 53:1764–1786

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Redfield AC (1934) On the proportion of organic derivatives in sea water and their relation to the composition of plankton. James Johnstone Memorial Volume University Press, Liverpool, pp 176–192

    Google Scholar 

  6. Canfield DE, Thamdrup B, Kristensen E (2005) Aquatic geomicrobiology. In: Southward AJ, Tyler PA, Young CM, Fuiman LA (eds) Advances in marine biology, vol 48. Elsevier Academic Press, Amsterdam, p 640

    Google Scholar 

  7. Ivanenkov VN (1979) General features of nutrient distribution in the World Ocean. In: Bordovskiy OK, Ivanenkov VN (eds) Chemistry of the ocean. V.1 Chemistry of the ocean waters. M. Nauka, Moscow, pp 188–229 (In Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Sverdrup H, Johnson M, Fleming R (1942) The oceans. Prentice-Hall Inc, New York

    Google Scholar 

  9. BSC (2008) State of the environment of the Black Sea (2001 - 2006/7). In: Oguz T (ed) Publications of the Commission on the Protection of the Black Sea against Pollution (BSC) 2008–3, Istanbul, Turkey, 448 pp

    Google Scholar 

  10. Richards FA (1965) Anoxic basin and fjords. Chemical oceanography, vol 1. Academic Press, London and New York

    Google Scholar 

  11. Dalsgaard T, Canfield DE, Paterson J, Thamdrup B, Aguna-Gonzalea J (2003) N2 production by the anammox reaction in the anoxic water column of Golfo Dulche, Costa Rica. Nature 422:606–608

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Kuypers MM, Sliekers AO, Lavik G, Schmid M, Jorgensen BB, Kuenen JG, Sinnenghe Damste JS, Strous M, Jetten MSM (2003) Anaerobic ammonium oxidation by anammox bacteria in the Black Sea. Nature 422:608–611

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Paulmier A, Ruiz-Pino D, Garcon V, Farias L, Ulloa O (2006) Biogeochemical anomalies in the OMZ off Chile. Gayana 70:135

    Google Scholar 

  14. Scranton M, McIntyre M, Astor Y, Taylor GT, Muller-Karger F, Fanning K (2006) Temporal variability in the nutrient chemistry of the Cariaco basin. In: Neretin LN (ed) Past and present water column anoxia, vol 64, NATO science series IV. Springer, Dordrecht, pp 105–138

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  15. Volkov II, Rozanov AG (2006) Introduction in biohydrochemistry of anaerobic basins. Oceanology 6(5):854–867

    Google Scholar 

  16. Volkov II, Rozanov AG, Dyrsen D (1998) Problem of water alkalinity and anaerobic mineralization of organic matter in the Black Sea. Geochemistry 1:78–87

    Google Scholar 

  17. Bordovskiy OK, Chernyakova AM (eds) (1992) Modern methods of the ocean hydrochemical investigations. P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Moscow, p 200 (In Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Grashoff K, Kremling K, Ehrhard M (1999) Methods of seawater analysis, 3rd edn. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, completely revised and extended edition

    Book  Google Scholar 

  19. Dyrsen D, Haraldson C, Weterlung S, Aren K (1986) Report on the chemistry seawater. XXXII, Department of Analytical and Marine Chemistry, Chalmers University, Goteborg, Sweden. 57p

    Google Scholar 

  20. Makkaveev PN (2002) Calculations of the component of the total titrated alkalinity in the Black Sea waters. In: Zatsepin AG, Flint MV (eds) Complex investigation of the northeastern Black Sea. Nauka, Moscow, p 447

    Google Scholar 

  21. Neretin LN, Volkov II, Rozanov AG, Demidova TP, Falina AS (2005) Biogeochemistry of the Black Sea anoxic zone with a reference to sulfur cycle. In: Neretin LN (ed) Past and present water column anoxia, vol 64, NATO science series IV. Springer, Dordrecht, p 69

    Google Scholar 

  22. Gargett AE (1984) Vertical eddy diffusivity in the ocean interior. J Marine Res 42:359–393

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Konovalov SK, Luther GW, Friederic GE, Nuzzio DB, Tebo BM, Oguz T, Glazer B, Trouwborst RE, Clement B, Murray KJ, Romanov AS (2003) Lateral injection of oxygen with Bosporus plume – fingers of oxidizing potential in the Black Sea. Limnol Oceanogr 48:2367–2376

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Neretin L, Pohl C, Jost G, Leipe T, Pollehne F (2003) Manganese cycling at the oxic/anoxic interface in the Gotland deep, Baltic Sea. Mar Chem 82:125–143

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Stokozov NA (2004) Long-term radionuclides 137Cs and 90Sr in the Black Sea after Tchernobyl accident and their using as tracers into the water with changing processes. PhD Thesis, Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas (In Russian)

    Google Scholar 

  26. Ward BB, Kilpatrick KA (1991) Nitrogen transformations in the oxic layer of permanent anoxic basins: the Black Sea and the Cariaco Trench. In: Izdar E, Murray JW (eds) Black Sea oceanography. Kluwer, Norwell, pp 111–124

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  27. Brettar I, Rheinheimer G (1991) Denitrification in the Central Baltic: evidence for H2S-oxidation as motor of denitrification at the oxic-anoxic interface. Mar Ecol Progr 77:157–169

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Hannig M, Lavik G, Kuypers M, Wobken D, Martens-Habben W, Jurgens K (2007) Shift from denitrification to anammox after inflow events in the central Baltic Sea. Limnol Oceanogr 52(4):1336–1345

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Sorokin I (2002) The Black Sea. Ecology and oceanography. Backhuys, Leiden, p 875

    Google Scholar 

  30. Shaffer G (1986) Phosphorus pumps and shuttles in the Black Sea. Lett Nat 321:515–517

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Pakhomova SV, Yakushev EV (2011). On the role of iron and manganese species in the formation of the redox-interface structure in the Black Sea, Baltic Sea and Oslo Fjord. In: Yakushev EV (ed) Chemical structure of Pelagic Redox Interfaces: observation and modeling. Handbook of Environmental Chemistry. Springer, Berlin. doi:10.1007/698_2011_98

  32. Podymov OI (2008) Use of a problem-oriented database for statistical analysis of the hydrochemical characteristics of the redox layer of the Black Sea. Oceanology 48(5):656–663

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

Authors express their gratitude to professor I. Volkov for valuable remarks and discussions while writing on the subject. This research was supported by the FTP “World Ocean”; RFBR: CRDF (RUG1-2828-KS-06).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, RAS, Moscow, Russia

    M. V. Chelysheva & E. L. Vinogradova

  2. Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Gaustadalleen 21, 0349, Oslo, Norway

    E. V. Yakushev

  3. Southern Branch of P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Okeanologiya, Gelendzhik-7, 353470, Krasnodarsky Kray, Russia

    E. V. Yakushev & V. K. Chasovnikov

Authors
  1. M. V. Chelysheva
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. E. V. Yakushev
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. E. L. Vinogradova
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. V. K. Chasovnikov
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to E. V. Yakushev .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. for Water Research, Norwegian Institute, Gaustadalléen 21, Oslo, 0349, Norway

    Evgeniy V. Yakushev

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2011 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Chelysheva, M.V., Yakushev, E.V., Vinogradova, E.L., Chasovnikov, V.K. (2011). Biogeochemical Peculiarities of the Vertical Distributions of Nutrients in the Black Sea. In: Yakushev, E. (eds) Chemical Structure of Pelagic Redox Interfaces. The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry, vol 22. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/698_2011_119

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation