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Excessive Body Weight and Immunological Response in Children with Allergic Diseases

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Advancements and Innovations in Health Sciences

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((CLEXBI,volume 1211))

Abstract

The prevalence of allergy and obesity is sharply on the rise in children. However, the nature of a mutual relation of the two conditions remains unclear. The aim of the study was to assess the impact of excessive body weight on the immune response in children with allergies. There were 56 children with allergies, aged 4–15 years, included into the study (41 with asthma and 15 with atopic dermatitis). Based on the body mass index, children were divided into two groups: normal weight (body mass index (BMI) <85th percentile) and excessive weight (BMI ≥ 85th percentile). The immunological parameters were evaluated by flow cytometry. We found that children with excessive body weight had a significantly lower percentage of CD4+ lymphocytes and a higher percentage of natural killer T cells (NKT) and CD16/56+ lymphocytes than those with normal weight. In the group with allergy, a significant positive association was noticed between BMI and the percentage of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR-specific CD3. Further analysis was done after dividing the allergy group into the children with normal and excessive weight. There were an adverse association between BMI and the percentage of CD8+ lymphocytes in those with normal weight and a positive one between BMI and the percentage of CD4+ in those with excessive weight. We conclude that excessive body weight plays a major role in mediating the immunological response in children with allergy.

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Acknowledgments

Funded by grant no. 323 of the Military Institute of Medicine in Warsaw, Poland.

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest in relation to this article.

Ethical Approval

All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Military Institute of Medicine (permit 123/14).

Informed Consent

Written informed consent was obtained from all legal guardians of individual participants included in the study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Nephrology and Allergology, Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Defence, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland

    Bolesław Kalicki, Agnieszka Lipińska-Opałka, Joanna Królikowska, Agnieszka Rustecka & Agata Wawrzyniak

  2. Student Research Group, Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Nephrology and Allergology, Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Defence, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland

    Katarzyna Kowalczyk & Katarzyna Mycroft

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  1. Bolesław Kalicki
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Correspondence to Agata Wawrzyniak .

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  1. Opole Medical School, Opole, Poland

    Mieczyslaw Pokorski

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Kalicki, B. et al. (2019). Excessive Body Weight and Immunological Response in Children with Allergic Diseases. In: Pokorski, M. (eds) Advancements and Innovations in Health Sciences. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology(), vol 1211. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/5584_2019_426

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