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Skin Stem Cells, Their Niche and Tissue Engineering Approach for Skin Regeneration

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Cell Biology and Translational Medicine, Volume 6

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((CBTMED,volume 1212))

Abstract

Skin is the main organ that covers the human body and acts as a protective barrier between the human body and the environment. Skin tissue as a stem cell source can be used for transplantation in therapeutic application in terms of its properties such as abundant, easy to access, high plasticity and high ability to regenerate. The immunological profile of these cells makes it a suitable resource for autologous and allogeneic applications. The lack of major histo-compatibility complex 1 is also advantageous in its use. Epidermal stem cells are the main stem cells in the skin and are suitable cells in tissue engineering studies for their important role in wound repair. In the last 30 years, many studies have been conducted to develop substitutions that mimic human skin. Stem cell-based skin substitutions have been developed to be used in clinical applications, to support the healing of acute and chronic wounds and as test systems for dermatological and pharmacological applications. In this chapter, tissue specific properties of epidermal stem cells, composition of their niche, regenerative approaches and repair of tissue degeneration have been examined.

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Abbreviations

3D:

Three dimensional

ATRA:

All-Trans Retinoic Acid

BM:

Basement Membrane

BM MSC:

Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell

BMP:

Bone Morphogenic Protein

CD:

Cluster of Differentiation

DNA:

Deoxyribonucleic acid

DP:

Dermal Papilla

ECM:

Extracellular matrix

EB:

Epidermolysis Bullosa

EGF :

Epidermal Growth Factor

EPU:

Epidermal Proliferative Unit

FDA:

Food and Drug Administration

FGF:

Fibroblast Growth Factor

GAG:

Glycosaminoglycan

hASCs:

Human Adipose Tissue Derived Stem/Stromal Cells

HF:

Hair Follicle Bulge

IFE :

Interfollicular Epidermis

IRS:

Inner Root Sheath

Krt15+:

Keratin15

MRNA:

Messenger RNA

miRNAs:

MicroRNAs

MMP:

Matrix Metalloproteinase

Muse:

Multilineage Differentiating Stress Enduring

ORS:

Outer Root Sheath

Ptch:

Patch

RER:

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

RNA:

Ribonucleic acid

Shh:

Sonic Hedgehog

SSEA:

Stage-Spesific Embryonic Antigen

TGF-β :

Transforming Growth Factor-beta

UCPC:

Umbilical cord pericyte cell

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Stem Cell Sciences, Hacettepe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey

    Nur Kübra Çankirili, Ozlem Altundag & Betül Çelebi-Saltik

  2. Center for Stem Cell Research and Development, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey

    Nur Kübra Çankirili, Ozlem Altundag & Betül Çelebi-Saltik

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  1. Nur Kübra Çankirili
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  2. Ozlem Altundag
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  3. Betül Çelebi-Saltik
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Correspondence to Betül Çelebi-Saltik .

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  1. Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada

    Kursad Turksen

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Çankirili, N.K., Altundag, O., Çelebi-Saltik, B. (2019). Skin Stem Cells, Their Niche and Tissue Engineering Approach for Skin Regeneration. In: Turksen, K. (eds) Cell Biology and Translational Medicine, Volume 6. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology(), vol 1212. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/5584_2019_380

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