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Bioengineered Scaffolds for Stem Cell Applications in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine

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Cell Biology and Translational Medicine, Volume 3

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((CBTMED,volume 1107))

Abstract

Stem cell-based therapies, harnessing the ability of stem cells to regenerate damaged or diseased tissues, are under wide-ranging consideration for regenerative medicine applications. However, limitations concerning poor cell persistence and engraftment upon cell transplantation still remain. During the recent years, several types of biomaterials have been investigated to control the fate of the transplanted stem cells, aiming to increase their therapeutic efficiency. In the present chapter we focus on the general properties of some of these biomaterials, which include polymers, ceramics, and nano-biomaterials. In the first part of the chapter, a brief explanation about stem cell biology, sources, and their microenvironment is provided. The second part of the chapter presents some of the most recent studies investigating different types of biomaterials and approaches that aim to mimic the stem cell microenvironment for a more precise control of the stem cell fate.

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Abbreviations

3D:

Three-dimensional

ESCs:

Embryonic stem cells

IPSCs:

Induced pluripotent stem cells

HSCs:

Hematopoietic stem cells

SGZ:

Sub-granular zone

ECM:

Extracellular matrix

BM-MSCs:

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

AFSC:

Amniotic fluid derived stem cells

ADSCs:

Adipose-derived stem cells

HA:

Hyaluronic acid

MMPs:

Metalloproteases

GAGs:

Glycosaminoglycans

PEG:

Poly (ethylene glycol)

PVA:

poly (vinyl alcohol)

PLA:

poly (lactic acid)

PLGA:

poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid)

PLC:

Polycaprolactone

BG:

Bioactive glass

CNTs:

Carbon nanotubes

DLC:

Diamond-like carbon

CNFs:

Carbon nanofibers

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Correspondence to Ali Mobasheri or Masoud Mozafari .

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Rahmati, M., Pennisi, C.P., Mobasheri, A., Mozafari, M. (2018). Bioengineered Scaffolds for Stem Cell Applications in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine. In: Turksen, K. (eds) Cell Biology and Translational Medicine, Volume 3. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology(), vol 1107. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/5584_2018_215

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