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Percutaneous Mitral Valve Interventions and Heart Failure

  • Abhishek SharmaEmail author
  • Sunny Goel
  • Sahil Agrawal
Chapter
First Online:
Part of the Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology book series (AEMB, volume 1067)

Abstract

Mitral regurgitation (MR) is the most frequent Valvular Heart Disease (VHD) and is an important cause of heart failure. MR can be caused by primary valve abnormality (Degenerative MR/Primary MR) or it can be secondary to cardiomyopathy (Functional MR/Secondary MR). Medical management alleviates symptoms but does not alter the progression of the disease. Current guidelines recommend surgery for moderate-to-severe (Grade > 3) MR in patients with symptoms or evidence of left ventricular dysfunction. Despite current practice guidelines, the majority of patients with severe MR do not undergo surgery. The reasons include high surgical risk from advanced age or multiple comorbidities, and a lack of clear data supporting valve surgery for secondary MR with LV dysfunction. The recent emergence of percutaneous interventional approaches in treating MR has expanded therapeutic options for patients who are at high risk for conventional Mitral Valve (MV) surgery. In this chapter, we will review the novel advancements in the field of percutaneous MV interventions that could potentially become the standard of care for patients with MR and heart failure.

Keywords

Mitral regurgitation Heart failure Percutaneous mitral valve intervention Leaflet repair MitraClip Chordae repair Direct annuloplasty Left ventricle remodeling Transcatheter mitral valve replacement 
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Notes

Conflict of Interest

None.

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Copyright information

© Springer International Publishing AG 2018

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Division of Cardiovascular MedicineMassachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical SchoolBostonUSA
  2. 2.Institute of Cardiovascular Research and TechnologyBrooklynUSA
  3. 3.Department of CardiologyMaimonides Medical CenterBrooklynUSA
  4. 4.Department of CardiologySt. Luke’s University Health NetworkBethlehemUSA

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