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New Approaches for Exhaust Gas Sensing

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Solid State Gas Sensors - Industrial Application

Part of the book series: Springer Series on Chemical Sensors and Biosensors ((SSSENSORS,volume 11))

Abstract

Steadily increasing emission standards for passenger cars and heavy duty vehicles combined with the need for fuel efficiency lead to novel powertrain concepts, for example to leanly operated gasoline direct injection engines, or to novel exhaust gas aftertreatment concepts such as Lean NOx Traps (LNT), ammonia selective catalytic reduction catalysts for NOx reduction (SCR), or even to a combination of both. Also, diesel particulate filters (DPF) are in series production.

To control these novel exhaust gas aftertreatment systems and to monitor on-board the proper operation of these systems (on-board diagnosis, OBD), novel exhaust gas sensors are required or are at least be very helpful. Since the development of exhaust gas sensors has always to be seen in interaction with the corresponding exhaust gas aftertreatment systems, novel types of exhaust gas sensors have gained in importance just recently, when the time was ripe for novel exhaust gas aftertreatment concepts. This article reports on several types of NOx sensors and ammonia sensors.

Additionally, a very recent novel concept is presented. Here, the catalyst itself works as a sensing device that gives directly information on its own status. The readout can be wirebound (demonstrated for LNT and SCR) or even be wireless by applying radio frequency techniques. It will be shown that this allows to detect the oxygen loading degree of three-way catalysts very precisely. It can be also applied to determine the ammonia loading of SCR catalysts and the soot loading of DPF.

As a conclusion, these novel methods may provide a future alternative for low emission-aiming engine control as well as for OBD of low emission vehicles with novel exhaust gas aftertreatment systems. However, it is clear that all novel sensors or systems do not only have to meet the technical requirements but also have to be very inexpensive, reliable, and cost effective.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Bayreuth Engine Research Center, University of Bayreuth, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany

    R. Moos

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  1. R. Moos
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Correspondence to R. Moos .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Siemens AG Corporate Technology Corporate Research and Technologies CT T DE, München, Germany

    Maximilian Fleischer

  2. Innovative Sensor Technology (IST) AG, Wattwil, Switzerland

    Mirko Lehmann

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Moos, R. (2011). New Approaches for Exhaust Gas Sensing. In: Fleischer, M., Lehmann, M. (eds) Solid State Gas Sensors - Industrial Application. Springer Series on Chemical Sensors and Biosensors, vol 11. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/5346_2011_6

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