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Structural Aspects of Layered Double Hydroxides

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Layered Double Hydroxides

Part of the book series: Structure and Bonding ((STRUCTURE,volume 119))

Abstract

Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) have been known for a considerable time and have been widely studied. The basic features of their structure, involving positively charged brucite-like layers together with charge-balancing anions and water in interlayer galleries are well understood, but some detailed aspects of their structure have been the subject of controversy in the literature. In this article we review the wide range of experimental and theoretical studies of the structure of LDHs, highlighting areas of consensus and currently unresolved issues. We focus on the range of composition for which LDHs may be formed, possible layer stacking polytypes, arrangement of guest species in the interlayer galleries and the extent of order-disorder phenomena, both long-range and short-range, in the layers and interlayer galleries.

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Abbreviations

AEC:

Anion exchange capacity

AFM:

Atomic force microscopy

AQ15:

Anthraquinone-1,5-disulfonate

AQ2:

Anthraquinone-2-sulfonate

AQ26:

Anthraquinone-2,6-disulfonate

BPC:

p-Benzoylbenzoate

CSC:

4′-chloro-4-stilbenecarboxylic acid

DSC:

Differential scanning calorimetry

EDAX:

Energy dispersive analysis of X-rays

EXAFS:

Extended X-ray absorption fine structure

HH:

Head-to-head

HT:

Head-to-tail

ICP:

Inductively coupled plasma emission spectrophotometry

IP:

Image plate

IR:

Infrared

JCPDS:

Joint committee on powder diffraction standards

LB:

Langmuir-Blodgett

LDH:

Layered double hydroxide

MBSA:

5-Benzoyl-4-hydroxy-2-methoxybenzenesulfonic acid

NEXAFS:

Near edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (synonym for XANES)

NHA:

4-Nitrohippuric acid

NMR:

Nuclear magnetic resonance

SAED:

Selected area electron diffraction

STEM:

Scanning transmission electron microscopy

STM:

Scanning tunneling microscopy

UV:

Ultraviolet

XAS:

X-ray absorption spectroscopy

XANES:

X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy

XRD:

X-ray diffraction

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  1. Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Controllable Chemical Reactions, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 100029, Beijing, P.R. China

    David G. Evans

  2. Department of Chemistry, University of Surrey, GU2 7XH, Guildford, UK

    Robert C. T. Slade

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Evans, D.G., Slade, R.C.T. Structural Aspects of Layered Double Hydroxides. In: Duan, X., Evans, D.G. (eds) Layered Double Hydroxides. Structure and Bonding, vol 119. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/430_005

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