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Immune-Mediated CNS Damage

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Molecular Basis of Multiple Sclerosis

Part of the book series: Results and Problems in Cell Differentiation ((RESULTS,volume 51))

Abstract

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating autoimmune disease. However, the persisting neurological deficits in MS patients result from acute axonal injury and chronic neurodegeneration, which are both triggered by the autoreactive immune response. Innate immunity, mainly mediated by activated microglial cells and invading macrophages, appears to contribute to chronic neurodegeneration. Activated microglia produce several reactive oxygen species and proinflammatory cytokines which affect neuronal function, integrity and survival. Adaptive immunity, particularly in cytotoxic CD8+ T cells, participates in acute demyelination and axonal injury by directly attacking oligodendrocytes and possibly neurons as well. Understanding the mechanisms of immune-mediated neuronal damage might help to design novel therapy strategies for MS.

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Acknowledgments

The group of H.N. is supported by the Hertie Foundation, the Rose Foundation, the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft and the European Union (LSHM-CT-2005–018637). The Neural Regeneration Group at the University Hospital Bonn is supported by the Hertie-Foundation, the Walter-und-Ilse-Rose-Foundation, the DFG (KFO177, SFB704) and the EU (LSHM-CT-2005-018637).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, University Bonn LIFE and BRAIN Center, University Bonn and Hertie-Foundation, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53127, Bonn, Germany

    Katrin Kierdorf, Yiner Wang & Harald Neumann

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  1. Katrin Kierdorf
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  2. Yiner Wang
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  3. Harald Neumann
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Correspondence to Harald Neumann .

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  1. Institut für Neuroimmunologie und, Klinische Multiple-Sklerose-Forschung, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Falkenried 94, Hamburg, 20251, Germany

    Roland Martin

  2. , Clinical Department of Neurology, Innsbruck Medical University, Anichstrasse 35, Innsbruck, 6020, Austria

    Andreas Lutterotti

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Kierdorf, K., Wang, Y., Neumann, H. (2009). Immune-Mediated CNS Damage. In: Martin, R., Lutterotti, A. (eds) Molecular Basis of Multiple Sclerosis. Results and Problems in Cell Differentiation, vol 51. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/400_2008_15

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