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Sphingolipid Biology pp 25–47Cite as

Serine Palmitoyltransferase

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Summary

Serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT) catalyzes the first unique reaction of de novo sphingolipid biosynthesis. It is a member of the γ-oxoamine synthase family that utilizes pyridoxal 5′-phosphate as a co-factor. Many factors — such as cytokines, irradiation and stress — alter SPT activity, and in some cases mRNA, and increased ceramide production has been proposed to modulate diverse cell behaviours, including programmed cell death. Normal SPT function is critical because missense mutations in the human SPTLC1 gene cause hereditary sensory neuropathy type I, and complete knockout of SPT is embryonic lethal; however, the SPT inhibitor myriocin has been found to decrease atherosclerotic lesions in apo-E deficient mice. SPT is clearly involved in critical cell functions and disease, and much remains to be learned about its regulation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Biology and the Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA

    Jia Wei, Tokumbo Yerokun, Martina Liepelt, Amin Momin, Elaine Wang & Alfred H. Merrill Jr.

  2. Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8640, Japan

    Kentaro Hanada

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  1. Jia Wei
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  2. Tokumbo Yerokun
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  5. Elaine Wang
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  7. Alfred H. Merrill Jr.
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  1. Brain Science Institute, The Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (Riken), 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan

    Yoshio Hirabayashi

  2. Department of Biomembrane and Biofunctional Chemistry, Faculty of Advanced Life Science and Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Kita 12, Nishi 6, Kita-ku, Sapporo, 060-0812, Japan

    Yasuyuki Igarashi

  3. School of Biology and the Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA

    Alfred H. Merrill Jr.

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Wei, J. et al. (2006). Serine Palmitoyltransferase. In: Hirabayashi, Y., Igarashi, Y., Merrill, A.H. (eds) Sphingolipid Biology. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/4-431-34200-1_2

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