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Food, Farming and the Environment: The Development of Sustainable Agriculture

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Notes

  1. Otsuka, Shigeru, “Agribusiness and the Transformation of Asia’s Food Market,” in Nakano, Isshin and Sugiyama Michio, eds., Globalization and the International Agricultural Market, Tsukuba Shobo, 2001, pp. 197–223 (in Japanese).

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  2. World Bank, World Development Report 1999/2000.

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  3. Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries Trade Report 2001, 2001, p. 13 (in Japanese).

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  4. Unless otherwise specified, this example is based on: Green Earth Network, Clean Development Mechanism Feasibility Studies for Global Warming Projects: Report on a Study of Possibilities for Greening China’s Loess Plateau, 2001 (in Japanese).

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  5. http://wwww.riceweb.org/riceprodasia.htm

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  6. Kyuma, Kazutaka, Food Production and the Environment: Thoughts on Sustainable Agriculture, Kagaku Dojin, 1997, pp. 34–35 (in Japanese).

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  7. Umali, Dina L., Irrigation-Induced Salinity: A Growing Problem for Development and the Environment, World Bank Technical Paper, no. 215, 1992, pp. 12–15.

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  10. Ibid., p. 44.

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  11. Mase, p. 434.

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  13. Ibid.

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  22. In 1996/97 India used 2,236 tons of methyl parathion. Government of India, Indian Agriculture in Brief (27th ed.), 2000, pp. 13, 60. Dieldrin and lindane are listed in a Punjab state agricultural guidebook as limited-use pesticides. Punjab Agricultural University, Package of Practices for Crops of Punjab, Rabi, 2000–2001, 2000.

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  25. For a discussion of this, see: McMichael, P., Development and Social Change, Pine Forge Press, 1996, and Iwasa, Kazuyuki, “International Agricultural Development Projects and Agribusiness in Developing Countries,” in Nakano and Sugiyama, eds. (in Japanese).

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  26. Unless otherwise specified, production and trade data are calculated from: FAO, Yearbook of Fishery Statistics: Aquaculture Production 1999, Yearbook of Fishery Statistics: Capture Production 1999, and Yearbook of Fishery Statistics: Commodities 1999.

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  27. Unless otherwise noted, this section borrows much from these sources: Kawabe, Midori, “The Development of Shrimp Farming in Asia and the Emergence of Externalities,” Japanese Journal of Fisheries Economics, vol. 46, no. 2, October 2001 (in Japanese); “Focus on Mangroves and Shrimp Farming,” WRM Bulletin, no. 51, October 2001; and Hagler, M., Shrimp: The Devastating Delicacy, Greenpeace, 1997. On eel I have referred to: Qian, Hongu, The Development of Eel Production for Export in China, M.A. Thesis, Graduate School of Economics, Kyoto University, January 2001 (in Japanese).

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  28. These actions were taken against shrimp from China, Vietnam, Thailand, and Myanmar. JETRO Food & Agriculture, no. 2381, April 1, 2002 (in Japanese).

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  29. Goss, J., Burch, D., and Rickson, R., “Shrimp Aquaculture and the Third World,” in Burch, D., et al. eds., Australasian Food and Farming in a Globalised Economy, Dept. of Geography and Environmental Science, Monash University, 1998, pp. 152–154.

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  30. On the relationship between agribusiness and haphazard development in Thailand, see: Skladany, M., and Harris, C., “On Global Pond: International Development and Commodity Chains in the Shrimp Industry,” McMichael, P., ed., Food and Agrarian Orders in the World Economy, Praeger, 1995, pp. 182–185.

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  31. See The State of the Environment in Asia 2002/2003, pp. 185–186.

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  32. For details, see: Iwasa; and Casson, A., The Hesitant Boom: Indonesia’s Oil Palm Subsector in an Era of Economic Crisis and Political Change, Center for International Forestry Research, 2000.

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  34. Tenaganita and Pesticide Action Network Asia and the Pacific, Poisoned and Silenced: A Study of Pesticide Poisoning in the Plantations, 2002.

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  35. See Chidley, parts I and II.

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  36. JETRO Food & Agriculture, no. 2341, June 11, 2001 (in Japanese).

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  37. Chidley.

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  38. Fujishima, Koji, Report: When Vegetable Imports Attain 3 Million Tons, Ienohikari Kyokai, 1997, pp. 49–60; Mainichi Shimbun, August 11, 2002; Chen, Yongfu, The Growing Vegetable Trade and Food Supply Capacity, Norin Tokei Kyokai, 2001, pp. 23–37, 50–85 (all in Japanese). Investment in China by Taiwanese companies is for Chinese exports to Japan. They therefore serve as a bridge between China and Japanese companies.

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  39. Chen, pp. 68, 70.

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  40. Chen, p. 108; Vegetable Supply Stabilization Fund, Trends in Chinese Producing Areas of Garlic, Ginger, and Other Produce: Mainly in Shandong Province, 1996, pp. 27, 44, 49 (both in Japanese).

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  41. On these trends, see: The State of the Environment in Asia 1999/2000, pp. 30–33; FAO, The State of Food and Agriculture, 1998, pp. 89–103; and Iwasaki, Misako and Ono, Kazuoki, Rediscovering Asian Small-Scale Farming, Ryokufu Shuppan, 1998, pp. 124–204 (in Japanese).

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Daizo, S., Kazuyuki, I. (2005). Food, Farming and the Environment: The Development of Sustainable Agriculture. In: Takehisa, A., Shun’ichi, T. (eds) The State of the Environment in Asia. Springer, Tokyo. https://doi.org/10.1007/4-431-27403-0_4

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