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Biopolymers II pp 55–123Cite as

Polymer conjugates with anticancer activity

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Part of the book series: Advances in Polymer Science ((POLYMER,volume 122))

Abstract

Polymer conjugates may possess anticancer activity through a variety of mechanisms. The macro-molecules themselves may have anticancer activities, or, more typically, inert biocompatible polymers serve as carriers for low molecular weight anticancer agents. Polymer conjugates may also be targeted to increase the concentration of conjugate in the vicinity of a specific subset of cells. This article reviews the recent literature that pertains to polymer conjugates with anticancer activity. The types of polymers chosen as drug carriers and the biodistribution of polymers in the body are discussed. Also, the synthesis, biological properties, and the means used to evaluate the anticancer activities of polymer conjugates are detailed.

The rationale for the design of targetable water soluble synthetic polymeric carriers of anticancer drug are explained using copolymers of N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide as examples. Comparison of polymer conjugates with other drug delivery systems, i.e., liposomes, nanoparticles, microspheres and immunotoxins, is provided along with the prospects for the future of anticancer drug delivery.

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Abbreviations

AA:

amino acid

ADEPT:

antibody directed enzyme prodrug therapy

ADR:

adriamycin (doxorubicin)

APA:

4-amino-4-deoxy-N 10-methylpteroic acid

ARS:

arsanilic acid

AZT:

azidothymidine

BOP reagent:

benzotriazol-1-yloxytris(dimethylamino)phosphonium hexafluorophosphate

cis-DPP:

cis-dichlorodiamminoplatinum (II)

CEA:

carcinoembryonic antigen

CURL:

compartment for uncoupling receptor and ligand

DMSO:

dimethyl sulfoxide

DNM:

daunomycin

EDTA:

ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid

EEDQ:

N-ethoxycarbonyl-2-ethoxy-1,2-dihydroquinoline

EPR:

enhanced permeability and retention effect

Fab, (Fab)2 :

antibody fragments

FITC:

fluorescein isothioisocyanate

GalN:

galactosamine

HAMA:

human anti-mouse antibodies

hCG:

human chorionic gonadotropin

HPMA:

N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide

IgG:

immunoglobulin G

IMC:

Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry

i.p.:

intraperitoneal

i.v.:

intravenous

kcat :

catalytic constant

KM :

Michaelis constant

LCST:

lower critical solution temperature

LHRH:

luiteinizing hormone releasing hormone

MA:

methacryloyl

mAbs:

monoclonal antibodies

Mce6 :

meso-chlorin e6 monoethylenediamine disodium salt

MTT:

3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide

MTX:

methotrexate

mPEG:

monomethoxypoly(ethylene glycol)

Mw:

molecular weight

NAp:

para-nitroanilide

OC125:

anti-ovarian carcinoma monoclonal antibody

ONp:

para-nitrophenol

P:

polymer backbone

PDT:

photodynamic therapy

PEG:

poly(ethylene glycol)

PEG-ADA:

PEG-adenosine deaminase

P-D:

polymer-drug conjugate

⊃—P-D:

targeted polymer-drug conjugate

Pi:

enzyme active center subsite

RES:

reticuloendothelial system

s.c.:

subcutaneous

sFV:

single-chain antigen binding proteins

Si:

substrate subsite

SPDP:

N-succinimidyl 3-(2-pyridyldithio)propionate

sulfo-MBS:

m-maleimidobensoyl sulfosuccinimide ester

TEA:

triethylamine

X:

lysosomal enzyme

⊥:

clathrin molecule

-●:

cell surface receptor/antigen

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  1. Departments of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry/CCCD, and of Bioengineering, University of Utah, 84112, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA

    D. Putnam & J. Kopeček

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  1. D. Putnam
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  2. J. Kopeček
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Nicholas A. Peppas Robert S. Langer

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© 1995 Springer-Verlag

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Putnam, D., Kopeček, J. (1995). Polymer conjugates with anticancer activity. In: Peppas, N.A., Langer, R.S. (eds) Biopolymers II. Advances in Polymer Science, vol 122. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3540587888_14

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3540587888_14

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