Skip to main content

Liquid Crystal Dimers

  • Chapter
  • First Online:

Part of the book series: Structure and Bonding ((STRUCTURE,volume 95))

Abstract

A liquid crystal dimer is composed of molecules containing two conventional mesogenic groups linked via a flexible spacer. These materials show quite different behaviour to conventional low molar mass liquid crystals and in particular their transitional behaviour exhibits a dramatic dependence on the length and parity of the flexible spacer. In this review a comprehensive overview of the relationships between molecular structure and liquid crystallinity in dimers is provided. This includes a description of the novel modulated and intercalated smectic phases exhibited by dimers.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Gray GW (1979) In: Luckhurst GR, Gray GW (eds) The molecular physics of liquid crystals, chap 1. Academic Press, London

    Google Scholar 

  2. Demus D (1989) Liq Cryst 5: 75

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Imrie CT, Luckhurst GR (1998) In: Demus D, Goodby JW, Gray GW, Spiess HW, Vill V (eds) Handbook of liquid crystals, vol 2B. Low molecular weight liquid crystals, chap 10. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim

    Google Scholar 

  4. Vorländer D (1927) Z Phys Chem 126: 449

    Google Scholar 

  5. Rault J, Liebert L, Strzelecki L (1975) Bull Soc Chem Fr 1175

    Google Scholar 

  6. Griffin AC, Britt TR (1981) J Am Chem Soc 103: 4957

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Ober CK, Jin J-I, Lenz RW (1984) Adv Polym Sci 59: 103

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Attard GS (1993) Trends Polym Sci 1: 79

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Blumstein A, Thomas O (1982) Macromolecules 15: 1264

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Ungar G, Percec V, Zuber M (1992) Macromolecules 25: 75

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Watanabe J, Hayashi M (1989) Macromolecules 22: 4083

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Watanabe J, Hayashi M (1988) Macromolecules 21: 278

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Watanabe J, Kinoshita SJ (1992) J Phys II France 2: 1237

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Watanabe J, Hayashi M, Morita M, Niori T (1994) Mol Cryst Liq Cryst 254: 221

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Tokita M, Osada K, Watanabe J (1998) Liq Cryst 24: 477

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Luckhurst GR (1995) Macromol Symp 96: 1

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Imrie CT, Karasz FE, Attard GS (1993) Macromolecules 26: 3803

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Emsley JW, Luckhurst GR, Shilstone GN, Sage I (1984) Mol Cryst Liq Cryst Lett 102: 223

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Abe A, Furuya H (1988) Polym Bull 19: 403

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Abe A, Nam SY (1995) Macromolecules 28: 90

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Abe A, Furuya H, Shimizu RN, Nam SY (1995) Macromolecules 28: 96

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Dunmur DA, Wilson MR (1988) J Chem Soc, Faraday Trans II 84: 1109

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Maeda Y, Furuya H, Abe A (1996) Liq Cryst 21: 365

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Emsley JW, Luckhurst GR, Shilstone GN (1984) Mol Phys 53: 1023

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Emsley JW, Luckhurst GR, Timimi BA (1985) Chem Phys Lett 114: 19

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Ionescu D, Luckhurst GR, de Silva DS (1997) Liq Cryst 23: 6

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Heeks SK, Luckhurst GR (1993) J Chem Soc, Faraday Trans 89: 3289

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Malpezzi L, Brückner S, Galbiati E, Zerbi G, Luckhurst GR (1991) Mol Cryst Liq Cryst 195: 179

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Jin J-I, Chung Y-S, Lenz RW, Ober C (1983) Bull Korean Chem Soc 4: 143

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Jin J-I (1995) Mol Cryst Liq Cryst 267: 249

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Jin J-I, Park J-H (1984) Mol Cryst Liq Cryst 110: 293

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Jin J-I, Seong C-M, Jo B-W (1985) Bull Korean Chem Soc 5: 40

    Google Scholar 

  33. Jin J-I, Rang J-S, Jo B-W, Lenz RW (1983) Bull Korean Chem Soc 4: 176

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Jin J-I (1983) Polymer Preprints (Jpn) 32: 935

    Google Scholar 

  35. Aquilera C, Ahmad S, Bartulin J, Muller HJ (1988) Mol Cryst Liq Cryst 162B: 277

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Buglione JA, Roviello A, Sirigu A (1984) Mol Cryst Liq Cryst 106: 169

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Date RW, Imrie CT, Luckhurst GR, Seddon JM (1992) Liq Cryst 12: 203

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Imrie CT (1996) In: Salamone JC (ed) Polymeric materials encyclopedia. CRC Press, Boca Raton, 5: 3770

    Google Scholar 

  39. Finkelmann H (1987) In: Gray GW (ed) Thermotropic liquid crystals. Critical reports on applied chemistry, vol 22, chap 6. Wiley, New York

    Google Scholar 

  40. Creed D, Gross JRD, Sullivan SL, Griffin AC, Hoyle CE (1987) Mol Cryst Liq Cryst 149: 185

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Chien JCW, Zhou R, Lillya CP (1987) Macromolecules 20: 2341

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. Sledzinska I, Bialecka-Florjanczyk E, Orzesko A (1996) Eur Polym J 32: 1345

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Hoshino H, Jin J-I, Lenz RW (1984) J Appl Polym Sci 29: 547

    Google Scholar 

  44. Vora RA, Teckchandani VR (1991) Mol Cryst Liq Cryst 209: 285

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Ibn-Elhaj M, Skoulios A, Guillon D, Newton J, Hodge P, Coles HJ (1995) Macromolecules 19: 373

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Jo B-W, Lim T-K, Jin J-I (1988) Mol Cryst Liq Cryst Inc Nonlin Opt 157: 57

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Jo B-W, Choi J-K, Bang M-S, Chung B-Y, Jin J-I (1992) Chem Mater 4: 1405

    Article  Google Scholar 

  48. Aquilera C, Bernai L (1984) Polym Bull 12: 383

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Rivas BL, Hisgen B, Schmidt HW, Ringsdorf H (1987) Bul Soc Chil Quim 32: 143

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Poths H, Wischerhoff E, Zentel R, Schonfeld A, Henn G, Kremer F (1995) Liq Cryst 18: 811

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Hohmuth A, Schiewe B, Heinemann S, Kresse H (1997) Liq Cryst 22: 211

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Jin J-I, Choi E-J, Ryu S-C, Lenz RW (1986) Polym J 18: 63

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Abe A, Furuya H, Nam SY, Okamoto S (1995) Acta Polym 46: 437

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Barnes PJ, Douglass AG, Heeks SK, Luckhurst GR (1993) Liq Cryst 13: 603

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Carfagna C, Iannelli P, Roviello A, Sirigu A (1985) J Thermal Anal 30: 1317

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Roviello A, Sirigu A (1979) Eur Polym J 15: 423

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. Roviello A, Sirigu A (1982) Makromol Chem 183: 895

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. Emerson APJ, Luckhurst GR (1991) Liq Cryst 10: 861

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. Ferrarini A, Luckhurst GR, Nordio PL, Roskilly SJ (1994) J Chem Phys 100: 1460

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. Luckhurst GR (1985) In: Chapoy LL (ed) Recent advances in liquid crystalline polymers, chap 7. Elsevier, London and New York

    Google Scholar 

  61. Ferrarini A, Luckhurst GR, Nordio PL, Roskilly SJ (1993) Chem Phys Lett 214: 409

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. Ferrarini A, Luckhurst GR, Nordio PL, Roskilly SJ (1996) Liq Cryst 21: 373

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. Griffin AC, Vaidya SR, Hung RSL, Gorman S (1985) Mol Cryst Liq Cryst Lett 1: 131

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. Imrie CT (1989) Liq Cryst 6: 391

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. Bruce DW, Hall MD (1994) Mol Cryst Liq Cryst 250: 373

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. Imrie CT, Taylor L (1989) Liq Cryst 6: 1

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. Jin J-I, Chung Y-S, Rang J-S, Lenz RW (1982) Mol Cryst Liq Cryst Lett 82: 261

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. Hogan JL, Imrie CT, Luckhurst GR (1988) Liq Cryst 3: 645

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. Attard GS, Date RW, Imrie CT, Luckhurst GR, Roskilly SJ, Seddon JM, Taylor L (1994) Liq Cryst 16: 529

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. Attard GS, Garnett S, Hickman CG, Imrie CT, Taylor L (1990) Liq Cryst 7: 495

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. Attard GS, Imrie CT, Karasz FE (1992) Chem Mater 4: 1246

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. Griffin AC, Vaidya SR (1988) Liq Cryst 3: 1275

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  73. Ikeda T, Miyamoto T, Kurihara S, Tsukada M, Tazuke S (1990) Mol Cryst Liq Cryst 182B: 357

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  74. Blatch AE, Fletcher ID, Luckhurst GR (1997) J Mater Chem 7: 9

    Google Scholar 

  75. Blatch AE, Fletcher ID, Luckhurst GR (1995) Liq Cryst 18: 801

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. Pelzl G, Novak M, Weissflog W, Demus D (1987) Cryst Res Technol 22: 125

    Article  Google Scholar 

  77. Sharma NK, Pelzl G, Demus D, Weißflog W (1980) Z Phys Chem 261: 579

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  78. Schneider F, Sharma NK (1981) Z Naturforsch 36a: 1086

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  79. Demus D, Pelzl G, Sharma NK, Weissflog W (1981) Mol Cryst Liq Cryst 76: 241

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  80. Sadowska KW, Zywocinski A, Stecki J, Dabrowski R (1982) J Phys (Paris) 43: 1673

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  81. Boy A, Adomenas P (1983) Mol Cryst Liq Cryst 95: 59

    Article  Google Scholar 

  82. Srikanta BS, Madhusudana NV (1983) Mol Cryst Liq Cryst 99: 203

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  83. Pelzl G, Demus D, Sackmann H (1968) Z Phys Chem 238: 22

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  84. Ujiie S, Uchino H, Iimura K (1995) Chem Lett 195

    Google Scholar 

  85. Schroeder JP, Schroeder DC (1968) J Org Chem 591

    Google Scholar 

  86. Araya K, Matsunaga Y (1980) Bull Chem Soc Jpn 53: 3079

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  87. Araya K, Matsunaga Y (1981) Mol Cryst Liq Cryst 67: 153

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  88. Araya K, Matsunaga Y (1981) Bull Chem Soc Jpn 54: 2430

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  89. Homura N, Matsunaga Y, Suzuki M (1985) Mol Cryst Liq Cryst 131: 273

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  90. Imrie CT (1995) Trends Polym Sci 3: 22

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  91. Portugall M, Ringsdorf H, Zentel R (1982) Makromol Chem 183: 2311

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  92. Meredith GR, Vandusen JG, Williams DJ (1983) In: Williams DJ (ed) Nonlinear optical properties of organic and polymeric materials. ACS Symposium Ser No 233, chap 5

    Google Scholar 

  93. Griffin AC, Bhatti AM, Hung RSL (1988) In: Prasad PN, Ulrich DR (eds) Nonlinear optical and electroactive polymers. Plenum, New York, p 375

    Google Scholar 

  94. Imrie CT, Karasz FE, Attard GS (1991) Liq Cryst 9: 47

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  95. Schleeh T, Imrie CT, Rice DM, Karasz FE, Attard GS (1993) J Polym Sci Polym Chem Ed 31: 1859

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  96. Kosaka Y, Kato T, Uryu T (1994) Macromolecules 27: 2658

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  97. Kosaka Y, Uryu T (1995) Macromolecules 28: 870

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  98. Imrie CT, Paterson BJA (1994) Macromolecules 27: 6673

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  99. Imrie CT, Attard GS, Karasz FE (1996) Macromolecules 29: 1031

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  100. Craig AA, Imrie CT (1997) Polymer 38: 4951

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  101. Wallage MJ, Imrie CT (1997) J Mater Chem 7: 1163

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  102. Humphries RL, James PG, Luckhurst GR (1971) Symp Faraday Soc 5: 107

    Article  Google Scholar 

  103. Humphries RL, Luckhurst GR (1973) Chem Phys Lett 23: 567

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  104. Attard GS, Imrie CT (1992) Liq Cryst 11: 785

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  105. Lillya CP, Murthy YLN (1985) Mol Cryst Liq Cryst Lett 2: 121

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  106. Boden N, Bushby RJ, Cammidge AN, Martin PS (1995) J Mater Chem 5: 1857

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  107. Adam D, Schuhmacher P, Simmerer J, Häussling L, Paulus W, Siemensmeyer K, Etzbach K-H, Ringsdorf H, Haarer D (1995) Adv Mater 7: 276

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  108. Kranig W, Hüser B, Spiess H-W, Kreuder W, Ringsdorf H, Zimmermann H (1990) Adv Mater 2: 36

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  109. Zamir S, Poupko R, Luz Z, Hüser B, Boeffel C, Zimmermann H (1994) J Am Chem Soc 116: 1973

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  110. Haarer D, Simmerer J, Adam D, Schuhmacher P, Paulus W, Etzbach K-H, Siemensmeyer K, Ringsdorf H (1996) Mol Cryst Liq Cryst 283: 63

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  111. Praefcke K, Kohne B, Singer D, Demus D, Pelzl G, Diele S (1990) Liq Cryst 7: 589

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  112. Praefcke K, Kohne B, Gündogan B, Singer D, Demus D, Diele S, Pelzl G, Bakowsky U (1991) Mol Cryst Liq Cryst 198: 393

    Article  Google Scholar 

  113. Boden N, Borner RC, Bushby RJ, Cammidge AN, Jesudason MV (1993) Liq Cryst 15: 851

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  114. Boden N, Bushby RJ, Cammidge AN (1994) J Chem Soc, Chem Commun 465

    Google Scholar 

  115. Boden N, Bushby RJ, Cammidge AN (1995) J Am Chem Soc 117: 924

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  116. Boden N, Bushby RJ, Cammidge AN, Headdock G (1995) J Mater Chem 5: 2275

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  117. Stewart D, McHattie GS, Imrie CT (1998) J Mater Chem 8: 47

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  118. Hughes JR, Kothe G, Luckhurst GR, Malthete J, Neubert ME, Shenouda I, Timimi BA, Tittelbach M (1997) J Chem Phys 107: 9252

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  119. Freiser MJ (1970) Phys Rev Lett 24: 1041

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  120. Alben R (1973) J Chem 59: 4299

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  121. Pratibhar R, Madhusudana NV (1985) Mol Cryst Liq Cryst Lett 1: 111

    Google Scholar 

  122. Hashim R, Luckhurst GR, Prata F, Romano S (1993) Liq Cryst 15: 283

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  123. Fletcher ID, Luckhurst GR (1995) Liq Cryst 18: 175

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  124. Praefcke K, Singer D, Kohne B, Ebert M, Liebman A, Wendorff JH (1991) Liq Cryst 10: 147

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  125. Weissflog W, Demus D, Diele S, Nitschke P, Wedler W (1989) Liq Cryst 5: 111

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  126. Andersch J, Tschierske C (1996) Liq Cryst 21: 51

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  127. Andersch J, Tschierske C, Diele S, Lose D (1996) J Mater Chem 6: 1297

    Article  Google Scholar 

  128. Surendranath V, Lokanath NK, Sridhar MA, Prasad JS (1998) Liq Cryst 24: 361

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  129. Goodby JW (1991) J Mater Chem 1: 307

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  130. Shiraishi K, Kato K, Sugiyama K (1990) Chem Lett 971

    Google Scholar 

  131. Barbera J, Omenat A, Serrano JL (1989) Mol Cryst Liq Cryst 166: 167

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  132. Barbera J, Omenat A, Serrano JL, Sierra T (1989) Liq Cryst 5: 1775

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  133. Yoshizawa A, Matsuzawa K, Nishiyama I (1995) J Mater Chem 5: 2131

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  134. Suzuki Y, Isozaki T, Kusumoto T, Hiyama T (1995) Chem Lett 719

    Google Scholar 

  135. Yoshizawa A, Soeda Y, Nishiyama I (1995) J Mater Chem 5: 675

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  136. Yoshizawa A, Nishiyama I (1995) Mol Cryst Liq Cryst 260: 403

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  137. Suzuki Y-I, Isozaki T, Hashimoto S, Kusumoto T, Hiyama T, Takanishi Y, Takezoe H, Fukuda A (1996) J Mater Chem 6: 753

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  138. Marcelis ATM, Koudijs A, Sudhölterr EJR (1996) J Mater Chem 6: 1469

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  139. Faye V, Babeau A, Placin F, Nguyen HT, Barois P, Laux V, Isaert N (1996) Liq Cryst 21: 485

    Article  Google Scholar 

  140. Marcos M, Omenat A, Serrano JL (1993) Liq Cryst 13: 843

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  141. Marcelis ATM, Koudijs A, Sudhölterr EJR (1994) Recl Trav Chim Pays-Bas 113: 524

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  142. Marcelis ATM, Koudijs A, Sudhölterr EJR (1995) Liq Cryst 18: 843

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  143. Hardouin F, Achard MF, Jin J-I, Yun Y-K (1995) J Phys II Fr 5: 927

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  144. Hardouin F, Achard MF, Jin J-I, Shin J-W, Yun Y-K (1994) J Phys II Fr 4: 627

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  145. Brownsey GJ, Leadbetter AJ (1981) J Phys Lett, Paris 42: 135

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  146. Irvine PA, Wu DC, Flory PJ (1984) J Chem Soc, Faraday Trans 180: 1795

    Google Scholar 

  147. Luckhurst GR, Stephens RA, Phippen RW (1990) Liq Cryst 8: 451

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  148. Pelzl G, Humke A, Diele S, Demus D, Weissflog W (1990) Liq Cryst 7: 115

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  149. Jin J-I, Chung B-Y, Park J-H (1991) Bull Korean Chem Soc 12: 583

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  150. Rozhanskii IL, Tomita I, Endo T (1996) Liq Cryst 21: 631

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  151. Jin J-I, Oh H-T, Park J-H (1986) J Chem Soc Perkin Trans 2 343

    Google Scholar 

  152. Prost J, Barois P (1983) J Chim Phys 80: 65

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  153. Hardouin F, Levelut AM, Achard MF, Sigaud G (1983) J Chem Phys 80: 53

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  154. Hardouin F (1986) Physica 140A: 359

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  155. Date RW, Luckhurst GR, Shuman M, Seddon JM (1995) J Phys II Fr 5: 587

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  156. Carboni C, Farrand FJ, Luckhurst GR, de Silva D (unpubl. data)

    Google Scholar 

  157. Le Masurier PJ (1996) PhD thesis, University of Southampton

    Google Scholar 

  158. Wulf A (1978) Mol Cryst Liq Cryst 47: 225

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  159. Le Masurier PJ, Luckhurst GR (unpubl. data)

    Google Scholar 

  160. Watanabe J, Komura H, Niiori T (1993) Liq Cryst 13: 455

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  161. Takanishi Y, Takezoe H, Fukuda A, Komura H, Watanabe J (1992) J Mater Chem 2: 71

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  162. Niori T, Adachi S, Watanabe J (1995) Liq Cryst 19: 139

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  163. Watanabe J, Hayashi M (1998) Macromolecules 22: 4083

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1999 Springer Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Imrie, C.T. (1999). Liquid Crystal Dimers. In: Mingos, D.M.P. (eds) Liquid Crystals II. Structure and Bonding, vol 95. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-68118-3_4

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-68118-3_4

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-64937-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-68118-2

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics