Skip to main content

The role of education and training in the industrial application of formal methods

  • Invited Lectures
  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Algebraic Methodology and Software Technology (AMAST 1995)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNCS,volume 936))

Abstract

During two one-year studies [11, 7], data was collected on education and training background and requirements for the successful transfer of formal methods to industry. This paper reports our observations and conclusions from both studies. One of the primary purposes of the second study was to provide a more systematic record of industrial experiences on a number of alleged deficiencies in the application of formal methods. One of these deficiencies is the contention that formal methods require prodigious mathematical education and talent for their successful use. Our interviews explored such issues as in-house company education; external education; differences in curricula between North America and Europe; profiles of personnel working on formal methods projects; and the role of tools as educational media.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. G. Archinoff, et al. “Verification of the Shutdown System Software at the Darlington Nuclear Generating Station.” International Conference on Control Instrumentation and Nuclear Installations, Glasgow, Scotland, May 1990.

    Google Scholar 

  2. G. Barrett. “Formal Methods Applied to a Floating Point Number System.” IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, 1989.

    Google Scholar 

  3. S. Bear. “An Overview of HP-SL.” Proceedings of VDM'91: Formal Development Methods, Volume 551, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Springer-Verlag, 1991.

    Google Scholar 

  4. D. Brownbridge. “Using Z to Develop a CASE Toolset.” 1989 Z User Meeting, Workshops in Computing, Springer-Verlag 1989.

    Google Scholar 

  5. M. Carnot, C. DaSilva, B. Dehbonei and F. Meija. “Error-free Software Development for Critical Systems using the B methodology.” Third International Symposium on Software Reliability Engineering, IEEE, 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Dan Craigen, Susan Gerhart, Ted Ralston. “Formal Methods Reality Check: Industrial Usage.” IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, 21(2), February 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Dan Craigen, Susan Gerhart, Ted Ralston. “An International Survey of Industrial Applications of Formal Methods.” U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology, March 1993, Technical Report NIST GCR 93/626 (Volumes 1 and 2). Also published by the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory (Formal Report 5546-93-9582, September 1993) and the Canadian Atomic Energy Control Board reports INFO-0474-1 (vol 1) and INFO-0474-2 (vol 2), January 1995. Also available at http://www.ora.on.ca/.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Dan Craigen, Susan Gerhart and Ted Ralston. “Formal Methods Technology Transfer: Impediments and Innovation.” In Applications of Formal Methods, M.G. Hinchey and J.P. Bowen, Editors. Prentice-Hall International Series in Computer Science, September 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  9. G. Dinolt, et al. “Multinet Gateway-Towards A1 Certification.” Symposium on Security and Privacy, IEEE 1984.

    Google Scholar 

  10. D. Garlan and N. Delisle. “Formal Specifications as Reusable Frameworks.” Proceedings of VDM'90: VDM and Z!, Vol. 428, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Springer-Verlag 1990.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Susan Gerhart, Kevin Greene, Damir Jamsek, Mark Bouler, Ted Ralston, David Russinoff. “MCC Formal Methods Transition Study,” MCC Technical Report FTP-FT-200-91, August 31, 1991.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Susan Gerhart, Dan Craigen and Ted Ralston. “Observations on Industrial Practice Using Formal Methods.” In Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Software Engineering, Baltimore, Maryland, May 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Susan Gerhart, Dan Craigen and Ted Ralston. “Experiences with Formal Methods in Critical Systems.” IEEE Software, January 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  14. I. Houston, S. King. “CICS Project Report: Experiences and Results from the use of Z.” Proceedings of VDM'91: Formal Development Methods, Volume 551, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Springer-Verlag, 1991.

    Google Scholar 

  15. D. Kuhn and J. Dray. “Formal Specification and Verification of Control Software for Cryptographic Equipment.” Sixth Computer Security Applications Conference, 1990.

    Google Scholar 

  16. N. Leveson, et al. “Experiences using Statecharts for a System Requirements Specification.” UC Irvine technical report, TR-92-106. Submitted for publication.

    Google Scholar 

  17. R. Linger and H. Mills. “A Case Study in Cleanroom Software Engineering: the IBM COBOL Structuring Facility.” COMPSAC, IEEE 1988.

    Google Scholar 

  18. John Wordsworth. Software Development with Z. Addison-Wesley, 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  19. “Experiences from Applications of RAISE.” LaCoS Project Reports, dated June 1991 and March 1992.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

V. S. Alagar Maurice Nivat

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1995 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Ralston, T., Gerhart, S., Craigen, D. (1995). The role of education and training in the industrial application of formal methods. In: Alagar, V.S., Nivat, M. (eds) Algebraic Methodology and Software Technology. AMAST 1995. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 936. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-60043-4_45

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-60043-4_45

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-60043-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-49410-2

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics