Abstract
We propose a new trie organization for large text documents requiring secondary storage. Index size is critical in all trie representations of text, and our organization is smaller than all known methods. Access time is as good as the best known method. Tries can be constructed in good time. For an index of 100 million entries, our experiments show size factors of less than 3, as compared with 3.4 for the best previous method. Our measurements show expected access costs of 0.1 sec., and construction times of 18 to 55 hours, depending on the text characteristics.
Our organization can also handle dynamic data, and we give new algorithms for inserting and deleting. It supports searches for general patterns, as well as a variety of special searches, such as proximity, range, longest repetitions and most frequent occurrences.
Key words and phrases
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
A. V. Aho, R. Sethi, and J. D. Ullman. Compilers Principles, Techniques, and Tools. Addison-Wesley Publishing Co., Reading, MA, 1986.
R. de la Briandais. File searching using variable-length keys. In Proc. Western Joint Computer Conf., pages 295–8, San Francisco, March 1959.
L. Devroye. A note on the average depth of tries. Computing, 28:367–371, 1982.
E. H. Fredkin. Trie memory. Communications of the ACM, 3(9):490–9, Sept. 1960.
G. H. Gonnet. Efficient searching of text and pictures. Technical Report OED-88-02, Centre for the New Oxford English Dictionary, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ont., Canada, 1988.
G. H. Gonnet, R. A. Baeza-Yates, and T. Snider. Lexicograhic indices for text: Inverted files vs. PAT trees. Technical Report OED-91-01, Centre for the New Oxford English Dictionary, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ont., Canada, February 1991.
D. E. Knuth. The Art of Computer Programming. Addison-Wesley Publishing Co., Reading, Mass., 1968–1973. Volumes I, II, III.
T. H. Merrett and H. Shang. Trie methods for representing text. Technical Report TR-SOCS-93.3, McGill University, School of Computer Science, June 1993.
D. R. Morrison. PATRICIA: Practical algorithm to retrieve information coded in alphanumeric. Journal of the ACM, 15:514–34, 1968.
J. A. Orenstein. Blocking mechanism used by multidimensional tries. Unpublished Letter, February 1983.
B. Pittel. Asymptotical growth of a class of random trees. The Annals of Probability, 13(2):414–427, 1985.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1993 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Merrett, T.H., Shang, H. (1993). Trie methods for representing text. In: Lomet, D.B. (eds) Foundations of Data Organization and Algorithms. FODO 1993. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 730. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-57301-1_9
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-57301-1_9
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-57301-2
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-48047-1
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive