Skip to main content

Compilation Schemes: A Theoretical Tool for Assessing the Expressive Power of Planning Formalisms

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNAI,volume 1701))

Abstract

The recent approaches of extending the graphplan algorithm to handle more expressive planning formalisms raise the question of what the formal meaning of “expressive power” is. We formalize the intuition that expressive power is a measure of how concisely planning domains and plans can be expressed in a particular formalism by introducing the notion of “compilation schemes” between planning formalisms. Using this notion, we analyze the expressive power of a large family of propositional planning formalisms and show, e.g., that Gazen and Knoblock’s approach to compiling conditional effects away is optimal.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. C. R. Anderson, D. E. Smith, and D. S. Weld. Conditional effects in graphplan. In R. Simmons, M. Veloso, and S. Smith, eds., Proc. AIPS-98, p. 44–53. AAAI Press, Menlo Park, 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  2. C. Bäckström. Expressive equivalence of planning formalisms. Artificial Intelligence, 76(1-2):17–34, 1995.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. A. L. Blum and M. L. Furst. Fast planning through planning graph analysis. Artificial Intelligence, 90(1-2):279–298, 1997.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. T. Bylander. The computational complexity of propositional STRIPS planning. Artificial Intelligence, 69(1-2):165–204, 1994.

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  5. M. Cadoli and F. M. Donini. A survey on knowledge compilation. AI Communications, 10(3,4):137–150, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  6. R. E. Fikes and N. Nilsson. STRIPS: A new approach to the application of theorem proving to problem solving. Artificial Intelligence, 2:189–208, 1971.

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  7. M. Furst, J. B. Saxe, and M. Sipser. Parity, circuits, and the polynomial-time hierarchy. Mathematical Systems Theory, 17(1):13–27, Apr. 1984.

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  8. M. R. Garey and D. S. Johnson. Computers and Intractability—A Guide to the Theory of NP-Completeness. Freeman, San Francisco, CA, 1979.

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  9. B. C. Gazen and C. Knoblock. Combining the expressiveness of UCPOP with the efficiencyof Graphplan. In Steel and Alami [18], p. 221–233.

    Google Scholar 

  10. S. Kambhampati, E. Parker, and E. Lambrecht. Understanding and extending Graphplan. In Steel and Alami [18], p. 260–272.

    Google Scholar 

  11. H. A. Kautz and B. Selman. Forming concepts for fast inference. In Proc. AAAI-92, p. 786–793, San Jose, CA, July 1992. MIT Press.

    Google Scholar 

  12. J. Koehler, B. Nebel, J. Hoffmann, and Y. Dimopoulos. Extending planning graphs to an ADL subset. In Steel and Alami [18], p. 273-285.

    Google Scholar 

  13. V. Lifschitz. On the semantics of STRIPS. In M. P. Georgeff and A. Lansky, eds., Reasoning about Actions and Plans: Proceedings of the 1986 Workshop, p. 1–9, Timberline, OR, June 1986. Morgan Kaufmann.

    Google Scholar 

  14. B. Nebel. On the compilability and expressive power of propositional planning formalisms. Technical Report 101, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Institut für Informatik, Freiburg, Germany, June 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  15. B. Nebel. What is the expressive power of disjunctive preconditions? Technical Report 18, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Institut für Informatik, Freiburg, Germany, Mar. 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  16. C. H. Papadimitriou. Computational Complexity. Addison-Wesley, Reading, MA, 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  17. E. P. Pednault. ADL: Exploring the middle ground between STRIPS and the situation calculus. In R. Brachman, H. J. Levesque, and R. Reiter, eds., Proc. KR-89, p. 324–331, Toronto, ON, May 1989. Morgan Kaufmann.

    Google Scholar 

  18. S. Steel and R. Alami, editors. Proc. ECP’97, Toulouse, France, Sept. 1997. Springer-Verlag.

    Google Scholar 

  19. C. K. Yap. Some consequences of non-uniform conditions on uniform classes. Theoretical Computer Science, 26:287–300, 1983.

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1999 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Nebel, B. (1999). Compilation Schemes: A Theoretical Tool for Assessing the Expressive Power of Planning Formalisms. In: Burgard, W., Cremers, A.B., Cristaller, T. (eds) KI-99: Advances in Artificial Intelligence. KI 1999. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 1701. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-48238-5_15

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-48238-5_15

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-66495-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-48238-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics