Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Monitoring and Control of Anaerobic Reactors

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Book cover Biomethanation II

Part of the book series: Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology ((ABE,volume 82))

Abstract

The current status in monitoring and control of anaerobic reactors is reviewed. The influence of reactor design and waste composition on the possible monitoring and control schemes is examined. After defining the overall control structure, and possible control objectives, the possible process measurements are reviewed in detail. In the sequel, possible manipulated variables, such as the hydraulic retention time, the organic loading rate, the sludge retention time, temperature, pH and alkalinity are evaluated with respect to the two main reactor types: high-rate and low-rate. Finally, the different control approaches that have been used are comprehensively described. These include simple and adaptive controllers, as well as more recent developments such as fuzzy controllers, knowledge-based controllers and controllers based on neural networks.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Weiland P, Rozzi A (1991) Water Sci Technol 24:257

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Monroy O, AlvarezRamirez J, Cuervo F, Femat R (1996) Ind Eng Chem Res 35:3442

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Hickey RF, Wu WM, Veiga MC, Jones R (1991) Water Sci Technol 24:207

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Lettinga G, Field J, van Lier J, Zeeman G, Pol LH (1997) Water Sci Technol 35:5

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Steyer JP, Rolland D, Bouvier JC, Moletta R (1997) Water Sci Technol 36:209

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Steyer JP, Estaben M, Polit M (1997) Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE International Conference on Fuzzy Systems. (Cat. No. 97CH36032 3 vol (xii+1730): 1245

    Google Scholar 

  7. Steyer JP, Buffiere P, Rolland D, Moletta R (1999) Water Res 33:2059

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Denac M, Lee PL, Newell RB, Greenfield PF (1990) Water Res 24:583

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Ryhiner G, Dunn IJ, Heinzle E, Rohani S (1992) J Biotechnol 22:89

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Ryhiner GB, Heinzle E, Dunn IJ (1993) Biotechnol Prog 9:332

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Ehlinger F, Escoffier Y, Couderc JP, Leyris JP, Moletta R (1994) Water Sci Technol 29:289

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Moletta R, Escoffier Y, Ehlinger F, Couderc JP, Leyris JP (1994) Water Sci Technol 30:11

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Premier GC, Dinsdale R, Guwy AJ, Hawkes FR, Hawkes DL, Wilcox SJ (1997) Water Sci Technol 36:229

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Estaben M, Polit M, Steyer JP (1997) Control Eng Prac 5:1303

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Guwy AJ, Hawkes FR, Wilcox SJ, Hawkes DL (1997) Water Res 31:2019

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Hawkes FR, Guwy AJ, Hawkes DL, Rozzi A (1994) Water Sci Technol 30:1

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Wilcox SJ, Hawkes DL, Hawkes FR, Guwy AJ (1995) Water Res 29:1465

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Ahring BK, Angelidaki I (1997) Proceeding at the 8th international Conference on Anaerobic Digestion. 25–29 May 1997, Sendai, Japan 1:40

    Google Scholar 

  19. Pullammanappallil P, Svoronos SA, Lyberatos G,C hynoweth DP (1992) Proceedings of the 1992 American Control Conference. 3:1911

    Google Scholar 

  20. Pullammanappallil PC, Svoronos SA, Chynoweth DP, Lyberatos G (1998) Biotechnol Bioeng 58:13

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Chynoweth DP, Svoronos SA, Lyberatos G, Harman JL, Pullammanappallil P, Owens JM, Peck MJ (1994) Water Sci Technol 30:21

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Renard P, Dochain D, Bastin G, Naveau H, Nyns E-J (1988) Biotechnol Bioeng 31:287

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Renard P, Van Breusegem V, Nguyen M-T, Nveau H, Nyns E-J (1991) Biomass Bioenergy 38:805

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Polihronakis M, Petrou L, Deligiannis A (1993) Comput Chem Eng 17:1167

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Boscolo A, Mangiavacchi C, Drius F, Rongione F, Pavan P, Cecchi F (1993) Water Sci Technol 27:57

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Pind FP, Angelidaki I, Ahring BK (1999) Proceeding at IAWQ II Symposium. Barcelona 15–17 June, 1999 II:41

    Google Scholar 

  27. Genovesi A, Harmand J, Steyer JP (1999) Biochem Eng J 3:171

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Romli M, Keller J, Lee PL, Greenfield PF(1994) Water Sci Technol 30:35

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Romli M, Greenfield PF, Lee PL (1994) Water Res 28:475

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Alvarez Ramirez J, Femat R, Monroy O, Cuervo F (1996) Proceedings of the 1996 IEEE International Conference on Control Applications. Dearborn, MI-September 15–18, 1996 1019

    Google Scholar 

  31. Guwy AJ, Hawkes DL, Hawkes FR (1995) Water Res 29:977

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Angelidaki I, Ellegaard L, Ahring BK (1992) Biotechnol Bioeng 39:351

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Veiga MC, SOTO M, Mendez R, Lema JM (1990) Water Res 24:1551

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Pullammanappallil PC, Harmon J, Chynoweth DP, Lyberatos G, Svoronos SA (1991 ) Appl Biochem Biotechnol 28/29:33

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Hawkes FR, Guwy AJ, Rozzi AG, Hawkes DL (1993) Water Res 27:167

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Merkel W, Krauth K (1999) Water Res 33:2011

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Spérandio M, Paul E (1996) Biotechnol Bioeng 53:243

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Archer DB, Hilton MG, Adams P, Wieko H (1986) Biotechnol Lett 8:197

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Pauss A, Samson R, Guiot SR, Beauchemin C (1990) Biotechnol Bioeng 35:492

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Switzenbaum MS, Giraldogomez E, Hickey RF (1990) Enzyme Microb Technol 12:722

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Kidby DW, Nedwell DB (1991) Water Res 25:1007

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Guwy AJ, Hawkes FR, Hawkes DL, Rozzi AG (1997) Water Res 31:1291

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Collins LJ, Paskins AR (1987) Water Res 21:1567

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Björnsson L, Hörnsten EG, Mattiasson B (2001) Biotechnol Bioeng 73:35

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. Björnsson L, Murto M, Jantsch TG, Mattiasson B (2000) PhD Thesis. Intensification of the biogas process, Department of Biotechnol, Lund University 2000 1

    Google Scholar 

  46. Lundström I (1981) Sens Actuators 1:403

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. Lee MJ, Zinder SH (1988) Appl Environ Microbiol 54:1457

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Pauss A, Guiot SR (1993) Water Environ Res 65:276

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Pauss A, Andre G, Perrier M, Guiot SR (1990) Appl Environ Microbiol 56:1636

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Frigon JC, Guiot SR (1995) Enzyme Microb Technol 17:1080

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Dochain D, Perrier M, Pauss A (1991) Ind Eng Chem Res 30:129

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. CordRuwisch R, Mercz TI, Hoh CY, Strong GE (1997) Biotechnol Bioeng 56:626

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Strong GE, CordRuwisch R (1995) Biotechnol Bioeng 63

    Google Scholar 

  54. Kuroda K, Silveira RG, Nishio N, Sunahara H, Nagai S (1991) J Ferment Bioeng 71:418

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Meyer B, Heinzle E (1998) Biotechnol Bioeng 57:127

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Hansson M, Nordberg Å, Mathisen B (1999) Proceeding at IAWQ II Symposium. Barcelona 15–17 June, 1999 II: 61

    Google Scholar 

  57. Brandgård J, Nordberg Å, Sundh I, Mandenius, C-F, Mathisen B (1999) Proceeding at IAWQ II Symposium. Barcelona 15–17 June, 1999 II: 57

    Google Scholar 

  58. Hill DT (1982) Trans ASAE 25:1374

    Google Scholar 

  59. Hill DT, Bolte JP (1989) Biol Wastes 28:33

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. Hill DT, Holmberg RD (1988) Biol Wastes 23:195

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. Cobb SA, Hill DT (1991) Trans ASAE 34:2564

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. Ahring BK, Sandberg M, Angelidaki I (1995) Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 43:559

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. Rozzi A, Massone A, Antonelli M (1997) Water Sci Technol 36:183

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. Sørensen AH, Winther-Nielsen M, Ahring BK (1991) Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 34:823

    Article  Google Scholar 

  65. Mosche M, Jordening HJ (1999) Water Res 33:2545

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. Hickey RF, Switzenbaum MS (1991) Res J Water Pollut Control Fed 63:141

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  67. Alonso MS (1992) Biotechnol Lett 14:535

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. Öztürk M (1991) Water Res 25:1509

    Article  Google Scholar 

  69. Pullammanappallil PC, Chynoweth DP, Lyberatos G, Svoronos SA (2001) Bioresource Technol 78:165

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. Öztürk M (1993) J Environ Eng 119:321

    Article  Google Scholar 

  71. Ahring BK, Westermann P (1988) Appl Environ Microbiol 54:2393

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. Allison MJ (1978) Appl Environ Microbiol 35:872

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  73. Angelidaki I, Ahring BK (1995) Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 68:285

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  74. Mösche M, Jördening H-J (1998) Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 49:793

    Article  Google Scholar 

  75. Wang QH, Kuninobu M, Ogawa HI, Kato Y (1999) Biomass Bioenergy 16:407

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. Aguliar A, Casas C, Lafuente J, Lema JM (1990) J Ferment Bioeng 69:261

    Article  Google Scholar 

  77. Matthies C, Schink B (1992) Appl Environ Microbiol 58:1435

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  78. Aguliar A, Casas C, Lema JM (1995) Water Res 29:505

    Article  Google Scholar 

  79. Mladenovska Z, Ahring BK (2000) FEMS Mcrobiol Ecol 31:225

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  80. Vavilin VA, Lokshina LYa (1996) Bioresurce Technology 57:69

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  81. Björnsson L, Murto M, Henrysson T (1997) Proceedings at the 8th International Conference on Anaerobic Digestion 3:79

    Google Scholar 

  82. Slater WR, Merigh M, Ricker NL, Labib F, Ferguson JF, Benjamin MM (1990) Water Res 24:121

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  83. Zumbusch Pv, Meyer-Jens T, Brunner G, Märkl H (1994) Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 42:140

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  84. Powell GE, Archer DB (1989) Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 33:570

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  85. Costello DJ, Greenfield PF, Lee PL (1991) Water Res 25:859

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  86. Costello DJ, Greenfield PF, Lee PL (1991) Water Res 25:872

    Google Scholar 

  87. Romli M, Keller J, Lee PJ, Greenfield PF (1995) Process Saf Environ Protect 73:151

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  88. Ren N, Wan B, JuChang H (1996) Biotechnol Bioeng 54:428

    Article  Google Scholar 

  89. Hansen KH, Angelidaki I, Ahring BK (1998) Water Res 32:5

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  90. Hansen KH, Angelidaki I, Ahring BK (1999) Water Res 33:1805

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  91. Angelidaki I, Ahring BK (1993) Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 38:560

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  92. Braun R, Huber P, Meyrath J (1981) Biotechnol Lett 3:159

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  93. Schlegel S, Baumann P (1996) Water Sci Technol 33:139

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  94. APHA-AWWA-WPCF (1975) Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Waste-water. American Public Health Association, Washington

    Google Scholar 

  95. Hashimoto AG (1983) Biotechnol Bioeng 25:185

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  96. Hashimoto AG (1982) Biotechnol Bioeng 24:2039

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  97. Amann R, Lemmer H, Wagner M (1998) FEMS Mcrobiol Ecol 25:205

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  98. Ince O, Anderson GK, Kasapgil B (1995) Water Res 29:349

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  99. Sørensen AH, Ahring BK (1993) Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 40:427

    Article  Google Scholar 

  100. Macario AL, deMacario EC (1993) Biomass Bioenergy 5:203

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  101. Raskin L, Poulsen LK, Noguera DR, Rittmann BE, Stahl DA (1994) Appl Environ Microbiol 60:1241

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  102. Raskin L, Amann RI, Poulsen LK, Rittmann BE, Stahl DA (1995) Wat Sci Tech 31:261

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  103. Lange M, Tolker-Nielsen T, Molin S, Ahring BK (2000) Appl Environ Microbiol 66:1796

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  104. Peck MW, Chynoweth DP (1992) Biotechnol Bioeng 39:1151

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  105. Nordberg Å, Nordkvist E (1999) Proceeding at IAWQ II Symposium. Barcelona 15–17 June, 1999 II: 53

    Google Scholar 

  106. Nordberg Å, Hansson M, Sundh I, Nordkvist E, Carlsson H, Mathisen B (1999) Water Sci Technol 41:1

    Google Scholar 

  107. Varel VH, Isaacson HR, Bryant MP (1977) Appl Environ Microbiol 33:298

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  108. Varel VH, Hashimoto AG, Chen YR (1980) Appl Environ Microbiol 40:217

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  109. Linke B (1997) Environ Technol 18:849

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  110. Anderson GK,Y ang G (1992) J Environ Eng 118:551

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  111. Angelidaki I, Ahring BK (1994) Water Res 28:727

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  112. Cha GC, Noike T (1997) Water Sci Technol 36:247

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  113. Kayhanian M, Tchobanoglous G (1992) BioCycle 33:58

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  114. Ahring BK, Angelidaki I, Johansen K (1992) Water Sci Technol 25:311

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  115. Angelidaki I, Ahring BK (1997) Biodegradation 8:221

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  116. Tafdrup S (1994) Water Sci Technol 30:133

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  117. Tafdrup S (1995) Biomass Bioenergy 9:303

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  118. Heinzle E, Dunn IJ, Ryhiner G (1993) Adv Biochem Eng/Biotechnol 48:79

    Article  Google Scholar 

  119. Marsili-Libelli S,B eni S (1996) Ecol Model 84:215

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  120. Pretorius WA (1994) Wat Sci Tech 30:1

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  121. Simeonov I (1994) Chem Biochem Eng Q 8:45

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  122. Wilcox SJ, Guwy AJ, Hawkes DL, Hawkes FR (1994) Biogas Technology as an Environmental Solution to Pollution. REUR Technical Series. 46

    Google Scholar 

  123. Åström K, Wittenmark B (1995) Adaptive control. Addison-Wesley Publishing Company

    Google Scholar 

  124. Dochain D, Perrier M (1993) Wat Sci Tech 28:283

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  125. Bastin G, Dochain D (1990) On-line Estimation and Adaptive Control of Bioreactors. Elsevier

    Google Scholar 

  126. Harmon JL, Svoronos SA, Lyberatos G, Chynoweth D (1993) Biomass Bioenergy 5:279

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  127. Perrier M, Dochain D (1993) Int J Adaptive Cont Signal Proces 7:309

    Article  Google Scholar 

  128. Harmon J, Pullammanappallil PC, Svoronos SA, Lyberatos G, Chynoweth DP (1990) American Autom Control Council 3:1540

    Google Scholar 

  129. Konstantinov KB,Y oshida T (1992) Biotechnol Bioeng 39:479

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  130. Guthke R, Schmidt-Heck W, Pfaff M (1998) J Biotechnol 65:37

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  131. Bhat N, McAcoy TJ (1990) Comput Chem Eng 14:573

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  132. Hertz J, Krogh A, Palmer RG (1991) Introduction to the Theory of Neural Computation. Addison-Wesley, New York

    Google Scholar 

  133. Kosko B (1992) Networks and Fuzzy Systems. Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs

    Google Scholar 

  134. Emmanouilides C, Petrou L (1997) Comput Chem Eng 21:113

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Environment and Resources DTU, Technical University of Denmark, Building 115, 2800, Lyngby, Denmark

    Peter F. Pind & Irini Angelidaki

  2. BioCentrum-DTU, Technical University of Denmark, Building 227, 2800, Lyngby, Denmark

    Birgitte K. Ahring

  3. Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, 26500, Patras, Greece

    Katerina Stamatelatou & Gerasimos Lyberatos

Authors
  1. Peter F. Pind
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Irini Angelidaki
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Birgitte K. Ahring
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Katerina Stamatelatou
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Gerasimos Lyberatos
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Biocentrum, The Technical University of Denmark, DTU, Block 227, 2800, Lyngby, Denmark

    Birgitte K. Ahring

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2003 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Pind, P.F., Angelidaki, I., Ahring, B.K., Stamatelatou, K., Lyberatos, G. (2003). Monitoring and Control of Anaerobic Reactors. In: Ahring, B.K., et al. Biomethanation II. Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology, vol 82. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45838-7_4

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45838-7_4

  • Received:

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-44321-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-45838-8

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation