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Seismic Anisotropy Tomography

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Imaging of Complex Media with Acoustic and Seismic Waves

Part of the book series: Topics in Applied Physics ((TAP,volume 84))

Abstract

The main breakthrough in seismology during the last ten years is related to the emergence and development of more and more sophisticated 3-dimensional imaging techniques, usually named seismic tomography, from the local scale up to global scale of the Earth. The progress has been made possible by the rapid developments in seismic instrumentation, in electronics, and by the extensive use of massive computational facilities. However, in contrast to usual experiments in physics, geophysicists cannot control all the conditions and must use natural sources. Consequently, most global tomographic models suffer severe limitations due to imperfect data coverage and theoretical approximations. It is usually assumed that the propagating elastic medium is isotropic, which is shown to be a poor approximation. We show in this paper how to take account of the anisotropy of the Earth’s materials. The consequence is that, by including other geological constraints, we are able to map not only the 3-dimensional temperature heterogeneities but also the flow field within the convecting mantle. The complete tomographic technique, which includes the resolution of a forward problem and of an inverse problem, is described. It is important to emphasize the fact that in order to check the reliability of a tomographic model it is necessary to calculate the errors and the resolution associated with the model by considering the structure of the data space (errors and correlations) and the parameter space (a posteriori errors, covariance function, resolution). However, despite the increasing quality of seismograms provided by modern digital networks (GEOSCOPE, IRIS, etc.), the lateral resolution at the global scale is limited to about 1000 km and the installation of ocean-bottom observatories constitutes a new challenge for the next century. The next step is to apply to data recent theoretical developments in order to use all the information provided by seismic waveforms. Then, we will receive new insight into anisotropic and anelastic parameters within the Earth, and also within other solid materials.

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  1. Département de Sismologie CNRS UMR 7580, Institut Universitaire de France, Institut de Physique du Globe, Paris, France

    Jean-Paul Montagner

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  1. Jean-Paul Montagner
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  1. Lab. Ondes et Acoustiques ESPCI, Université Paris VII-Denis Diderot, 10, rue Vauquelin, 75231, Paris Cedex 05, France

    Mathias Fink

  2. Marine Physical Laboratory, University of California, San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive, 92093, La Jolla, CA, USA

    William A. Kuperman

  3. Departement de Sismologie, Institut de Physique du Globe, 4, Place Jussieu, 75252, Paris Cedex 05, France

    Jean-Paul Montagner

  4. Lab. Ondes et Acoustiques ESPCI, Université Paris VII-Denis Diderot, 10, rue Vauquelin, 75231, Paris Cedex 05, France

    Arnaud Tourin

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© 2002 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Montagner, JP. (2002). Seismic Anisotropy Tomography. In: Fink, M., Kuperman, W.A., Montagner, JP., Tourin, A. (eds) Imaging of Complex Media with Acoustic and Seismic Waves. Topics in Applied Physics, vol 84. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-44680-X_8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-44680-X_8

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