Abstract
In 1993, the Space Shuttle Program selected an off-the-shelf Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver to eventually replace the three Tactical Air Navigation units on each space shuttle orbiter. A proven, large production base GPS receiver was believed to be the key to reducing integration, certification, and maintenance costs. More GPS firmware changes, shuttle flight software changes, and flight and ground testing were required than anticipated. This resulted in a 3-year slip in the shuttle GPS certification date. A close relationship with the GPS vendor, open communication among team members, Independent Verification and Validation of source code, and GPS receiver design insight were keys to successful certification of GPS for operational use by the space shuttle.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Goodman, J. L.: Space Shuttle Navigation: in the GPS Era. In: Proceedings of the National Technical Meeting 2001, Institute of Navigation, Fairfax, VA, January (2001) 709–724
Rosenberg, D., Linda, H. et al.: Generating High Quality Requirements. In: Proceedings of the AIAA Space 2001 Conference and Exposition, AIAA Paper 2001–4524, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Reston, VA, August (2001)
Bertiger, W. et al.: Precise Orbit Determination For The Shuttle Radar Topography Mission Using a New Generation Of GPS Receiver. In: Proceedings of ION GPS 2000, Institute of Navigation, Fairfax, VA, September (2000)
Newman, J. S.: Failure-Space: A Systems Engineering Look At 50 Space System Failures. In: Acta Astronautica, Elsevier Science Ltd. 48(5–12) (2001) 517–527
Beims, M. A., and Dabney, J. B.: Reliable Tailored-COTS Via Independent Verification and Validation. In: Proceedings of NATO Commercial Off-The-Shelf Products in Defense Applications Symposium, Brussels, Belgium, April (2000)
Bauer, F. H. et al.: Spaceborne GPS Current Status and Future Visions. In: Proceedings of ION GPS-98, Institute Of Navigation, Fairfax, VA, September (1998) 1493–1508
Nisner, P. D., and Johannessen, R.: Ten Million Data Points from TSO Approved Aviation GPS Receivers: Results of Analysis and Applications to Design and Use in Aviation. In: Navigation: Journal of the Institute of Navigation 47(1), Institute Of Navigation, Fairfax, VA (2000) 43–50
Anderson, C. et al.: Lewis Spacecraft Mission Failure Investigation Board Final Report. February (1998)
Gross, R. L.: Faster, Better, Cheaper: Policy, Strategic Planning, And Human Resource Alignment. Report Number IG-01-009, NASA Office Of The Inspector General, March (2001)
Adams, R. J., and Suellen, E.: Lessons Learned from Using COTS Software on Space Systems. In: The Journal Of Defense Software Engineering, U.S. Department of Defense, June (2001)
Brownsword, L., Carney, D., and Oberndorf, T.: The Opportunities and Complexities of Applying Commercial-Off-the-Shelf Components. In: The Journal Of Defense Software Engineering, U.S. Department of Defense, April (1998)
Carney, D. J., and Oberndorf, P. A.: OSD-Commandments of COTS: In Search of the Promised Land. In: The Journal Of Defense Software Engineering, U.S. Department of Defense, May (1997)
Carney, D.: Quotations from Chairman David-A Little Red Book of Truths to Enlighten and Guide on the Long March Toward the COTS Revolution. Carnegie Mellon University Software Engineering Institute, Pittsburgh, PA (1998)
Dean, J., and Gravel, A. (ed): COTS-based Software Systems. In: Proceedings of the First International Conference on COTS-based Software Systems, LNCS Vol. 2255, Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, Germany (2002)
Lipson, H. F., Mead, N. R., and Moore, A. P.: Can We Ever Build Survivable Systems from COTS Components? CMU/SEI-2001-TN-030, Carnegie Mellon Software Engineering Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, December (2001)
Meyers, B. C., and Oberndorf, P.: Managing Software Acquisition: Open Systems and COTS Products. In: The SEI Series in Software Engineering, ISBN 0-201-70454-4, Addison-Wesley, Boston, MA (2001)
Oberndorf, P.: COTS and Open Systems. Carnegie Mellon University Software Engineering Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, February (1998)
Place, P. R. H.: Guidance on Commercial-based and Open Systems for Program Managers. CMU/SEI-2001-SR-008, Carnegie Mellon Software Engineering Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, April (2001)
Dittemore, R. D.: Commercial Off-the-Shelf (COTS), Modified Off-the-Shelf (MOTS) Software Policy. In: Space Shuttle Program Structure And Responsibilities, Book 2, Space Shuttle Program Directives, NSTS 07700. NASA Johnson Space Center, April (2001)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2003 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Goodman, J.L. (2003). The Space Shuttle and GPS: A Safety-Critical Navigation Upgrade. In: Erdogmus, H., Weng, T. (eds) COTS-Based Software Systems. ICCBSS 2003. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 2580. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-36465-X_9
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-36465-X_9
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-00562-9
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-36465-8
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive