Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
AG-Boden (1996) Bodenkundlliche Kartieranleitung, 4th edn. Schweitzbart’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart
Ahti T (1977) Lichens of the boreal coniferous forest zone. In: Seaward MRD (ed) Lichen ecology. Academic Press, London, pp 145–181
Ahti T, Oksanen J (1990) Epigeic lichen communities of taiga and tundra regions. Vegetatio 86:39–70
Batzli GO, White RG, MacLean SF, Pitelka FA, Collier BD (1980) The herbivore-based trophic system. In: Brown J, Miller RG, Tieszen LL, Bunnell FL (eds) An arctic ecosystem. The coastal tundra at Barrow, Alaska. US/IBP Synthesis Series, Dowden, Hutchinson and Ross, PA, pp 335–410
Bayfield NG, Urquhart UH, Cooper SM (1981) Susceptibility of four species of Cladonia to disturbance by trampling in the Cairngorm Mountains, Scotland. J Appl Ecol 18:303–310
Bråthen KA, Oksanen J (2001) Reindeer reduce biomass of preferred plant species. J Veg Sci 12:473–480
Braun-Blanquet J (1932) Plant sociology; the study of plant communities. McGraw-Hill, New York, 438 pp
Bremner JM (1960) Determination of nitrogen by the Kjeldahl method. J Agric Sci 55:11–33
Chernov YI, Matveyeva NV (1997) Arctic ecosystems in Russia. In: Wielgolaski FE (ed) Ecosystems of the World. Elsevier, Amsterdam
Crittenden PD (1999) Aspects of the ecology of mat-forming lichens. Rangifer 20(2/3):127–139
Dawson HJ, Hrutfiord BF, Ugolini FC (1984) Mobility of lichen compounds from Cladonia mitis in arctic soils. Soil Sci 138(1):40–45
DNMI (1999) Normaler 1961–1990. Lufttemperatur og nedbør. Foreløpig liste pr 23.3.1999, DNMI Klima
Edward N, Miller PC (1977) Validation of a model on the effect of tundra vegetation on soil temperature. Arct Alp Res 9:89–104
Egnér HH, Riehm WR (1960) Untersuchungen über die chemische Boden-Analyse als Grundlage für die Beurteilung des Nährstoffzustandes der Böden. Royal Agricult High School Ann 26:199–215
Evans R (1996) Some impacts of overgrazing by reindeer in Finnmark, Norway Rangifer 16(1):3–19
Fahnestock JT, Povirk KL, Welker JM (2000) Ecological significance of litter redistribution by wind and snow in arctic landscapes. Ecography 23:623–631
FAO (1990) Guidelines for soil description, 3rd rev ed. FAO, Rome
Foster DR (1985) Vegetation development following fire in Picea mariana (black spruce)-Pleurozium forests in south-eastern Labrador, Canada. J Ecol 73:517–534
Filion L, Payette S (1989) Subarctic lichen polygons and soil development along a colonization gradient on eolian sands. Arct Alp Res 21:175–184
Helle T, Aspi J (1983) Effects of winter grazing by reindeer on vegetation. Oikos 40:337–343
Holland EA, Partoin WJ, Detling JK, Coppock DL (1992) Physiological responses of plant populations to herbivory and their consequences for ecosystem nutrient flow. Am Nat 140:685–706
Johansen B, Karlsen SR (1998) Endringer i lavdekket på Finnmarksvidda 1987–1996 basert på Landsat 5/TM data. NORUT IT Rapport, IT475/1-98, 12 pp
Käyhkö J, Pellikka P (1994) Remote sensing of the impact of reindeer grazing on vegetation in northern Fennoscandia using SPOT XS data. Polar Res 13:115–124
Klein DR (1987) Vegetation recovery patterns following overgrazing by reindeer on St. Matthew Island. J Range Manage 40(4):336–338
Kummerow JJN, Mills JN, Ellis BA, Hastings SJ, Kummerow A (1987) Downslope fertilizer movement in arctic tussock tundra. Holarct Ecol 10:312–319
Kumpula J (2001) Productivity of semi-domesticated reindeer (Rangifer t. tarandus L.) stock and carrying capacity of pastures in Finland during 1960–1990’s. Thesis Department of Biology, University of Oulu. Acta Universitatis Ouluensis A 375
Longton RE (1992) The role of bryophytes and lichens in terrestrial ecosystems. In: Bates JW, Farmer AM (eds) Bryophytes and lichens in a changing environment. Clarendon Press, Oxford, pp 32–76
Lyftingsmo E (1965) Oversyn over Fjellbeite i Finnmark. Norsk Fjellbeite Bind 15, 367 pp
Manseau M, Huot J, Crete M (1996) Effects of summer grazing by caribou on composition and productivity of vegetation: community and landscape level. J Ecol 84:495–502
McKendrick JD, Batzli O, Everett KR, Swanson JC (1980) Some effects of mammalian herbivores and fertilization on tundra soils and vegetation. Arct Alp Res 12(4):565–578
Moore TR (1984) Litter decomposition in a subarctic spruce-lichen woodland, eastern Canada. Ecology 65:299–308
Ogner G, Haugen A, Opem M, Sørlie M (1975) Kjemisk analyseprogram ved Norsk institutt for skogsforskning. Meddr Norsk Inst Skogforsk 32:207–232
Ogner G, Haugen A, Opem M, Sørlie M (1977) Kjemisk analyseprogram ved Norsk institutt for skogsforskning. Meddr Norsk Inst Skogforsk 33[Suppl 1]:87–101
Oksanen J (1978) Lichen grounds of Finnmarksvidda, northern Norway, in relation to summer and winter grazing by reindeer. Kevo Subarctic Res Station 14:64–71
Oksanen J (1986) Succession, dominance and diversity in lichen-rich pine forest vegetation in Finland. Holarct Ecol 9:261–266
Olofsson J, Kitti H, Rautiainen P, Stark S, Oksanen L (2001) Effects of summer grazing by reindeer on composition of vegetation, productivity and nitrogen cycling. Ecography 24:13–24
Olsen L, Reite A, Riiber K, Sørensen E (1996) Finnmark County, map of quaternary geology, scale 1:500,000 with description. Geological Survey of Norway
Pegau RE (1970) Effect of reindeer trampling and grazing on lichens. J Range Manage 23:95–97
Peterson BJ, Corliss TL, Kriet K, Hobbie JE (1992) Nitrogen and phosphorous concentrations and export for the upper Kuparuk River on the North Slope of Alaska in 1980. Hydrobiol 240:61–69
Polunin N (1936) Plant succession in Norwegian Lapland. Journal of Ecology 24:372–391
Richardson DHS, Young CM (1977) Lichen and vertebrates. In: Seaward MRD (ed) Lichen ecology. Academic Press, London, pp 121–144
Rosswall T, Veum AK, Kärenlampi L (1975) Plant litter decomposition at Fennoscandian tundra sites. In: Wielgolaski FE (ed) Fennoscandia tundra ecosystems, part 1. Plants and microorganisms. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 268–278
Rouse WR, Kershaw KA (1971) The effects of burning on the heat and water regime of lichen-dominated subarctic surfaces. Arct Alp Res 3:291–304
Sendstad E (1981) Soil ecology of lichen heath at Spitzbergen, Svalbard: effects of artificial removal of lichen plant cover. J Range Manage 34:442–445
Shaver GR, Chapin FS (1980) Response of fertilization by various plant growth forms in an Alaskan Tundra: nutrient accumulation and growth. Ecology 61(3):662–675
Stark S, Wardle DA, Ohtonen R, Helle T, Yeates GW (2000) The effect of reindeer grazing on decomposition, mineralization and soil biota in a dry oligotrophic Scots pine forest. Oikos 90:301–310
Tedrow J CF (1968) Pedogenic gradients of the polar regions. J Soil Sci 19(1):197–204
Thannheiser D (1977) Subarctic birch forests in Norwegian Lapland. Naturaliste Can. 104:151–156
Uhlig C, Sveistrup T, Schjelderup I (2004) Impacts of reindeer grazing on soil properties on Finnmarksvidda, Northern Norway. Rangifer Special Issue 15:83–91
Väre H, Ohtonen R, Oksanen J (1995) Effects of reindeer grazing on vegetation in dry Pinus sylvestris forests. J Veg Sci 6:523–530
Väre H, Ohtonen R, Mikkola K (1996) The effect and extent of heavy grazing by reindeer in oligotrophic pine heath in northeastern Fennoscandia. Ecography 19:245–253
Vilchek GE (1997) Arctic ecosystem stability and disturbance: a western Siberian case history. In: Crawford RMM (ed) Disturbance and recovery in Arctic lands. Kluwer Academic, Dordrecht, pp 179–189
Whalen SC, Cornwell JC (1985) Nitrogen, phosphorous and organic carbon cycling in an arctic lake. Can J Fish Aquat Sci 42:797–808
Wielgolaski FE (2001) Nordic mountain birch ecosystems. In: Jeffers JNR (ed) Man and the biosphere series, vol 27. UNESCO, Paris, The Parthenon Publishing Group
Zimov SA, Chuprynin VI, Oreshko AP, Chapin FS, Reynolds JF, Chapin MC (1995) Steppe-Tundra transition-a herbivore-driven biome shift at the end of the Pleistocene. Am Nat 146:765–794
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2006 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Uhlig, C., Zink, A. (2006). Changes in Organic Horizon Soil Properties Due to Reindeer Herding and Changing Management. In: Forbes, B.C., et al. Reindeer Management in Northernmost Europe. Ecological Studies, vol 184. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-31392-3_13
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-31392-3_13
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-26087-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-31392-2
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)